英语写作常见语法错误分析

英语写作常见错误,。1句子结构混乱，出现句子不完整或句子成分多余2词性误用3主谓不一致4根据中文逐字硬译,5.名词可数与不可数的误用6.介词to和不定式符号的混淆7.动宾搭配不当8.词组搭配错误9综合性语言错误:有诸如时态，语态，标点符号，大小写等方面的错误,1句子结构混乱，出现句子不完整或句子成分多余。句子不完整（SentenceFragments）在口语中，交际双方可借助手势语气上下文等，不完整的句子完全可以被理解可是书面语就不同了，句子结构不完整会令意思表达不清，这种情况常常发生在主句写完以后，笔者又想加些补充说明时发生,例1Therearelargenumberofpeoplediefromthedisasters.,改为1：Therearealargenumberofpeoplewhodiefromthedisasters.改为2：Therearealargenumberofpeopledyingfromthedisasters.改为3：Alargenumberofpeoplediefromthedisasters.,例2Thereisafirehappened/brokeout.TherewasoccurredafireinHonghuaHotel.,改为：Afirehappened/brokeout/occurred.,例3Shelearnknowledgedependonherself.,改为：Shelearnsknowledgebyherself.,例4Thedriveroftheredcarwasdiedonthespot.,改为：Thedriveroftheredcardiedonthespot.,例5Helpingotherswealsoknowthesignificanceoflife.,改为：Wealsorealizethesignificanceoflifethroughhelpingothers.,例6Thepublicserviceadvertisementcatcheveryoneseyes,enableuspaymoreattentionaboutourlivesandsocieties.,改为：Thepublicserviceadvertisementscatcheveryoneseyes,whichenablesustopaymoreattentionaboutourlivesandsocieties.,例7Theagingofpopulationbringsomeproblems,suchasthelackoflabor,seniorsfeellonelyandsoon.,改为：Theagingofpopulationbringsaboutsomeproblems,suchasthelackoflabor,seniorssenseoflonelinessandsoon.,例8Childrentakecareoftheseniorsshouldmeettheirmaterialneeds,butthisisnotenough,concerningtheirspiritualneedsismoreimportant.,改为：Whenitcomestotakingcareoftheseniors,childrenshouldmeettheirspiritualneedsaswellasmaterialneeds.,例9Whenyouropportunitycoming,youattainsuccesswillbeeasier.,改为：Whenyouropportunitycomes,itwillbeeasierforyoutoattainsuccess.,2词性误用(MisuseofPartsofSpeech)“词性误用”常表现为：介词当动词用；形容词当副词用；名词当动词用等,例Itslikelytosuccessifyouhaveconfident,diligentandintelligence.改为1：Youarelikelytosucceedifyouhaveconfidence,diligenceandintelligence.,改为2：Itslikelythatyouwillachievesuccessifyouareconfident,diligentandintelligent.改为3：Itislikelythatyouareonthewaytosuccessifyouhaveconfidence,diligenceandintelligence.,例2Youcantsuccesswithoutyourefforts.改为1：Youcantsucceedwithoutyourefforts.改为2：Youcantobtainsuccesswithoutyourefforts.改为3：Youcantbecomesuccessfulwithoutyourefforts.,改为4：Successisnolongeroutofreachwithyourgreatefforts.,例3Asthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,-改为：Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,-/Asthescienceandtechnologydevelop-,例4Iusuallydosomepublicservicesforfree,tryingmybesttoserviceforthepublic.,改为：Iusuallydosomepublicservicesforfree,tryingmybesttoservethepublic.,例5Thepublicserviceadvertisementisbenefittous.改为1:Thepublicserviceadvertisementisbeneficialtous.改为2:Thepublicserviceadvertisementbenefitsus.改为3：Thepublicserviceadvertisementisofgreatbenefittous.,改为4:Webenefitsalotfromthepublicserviceadvertisement.,例6Someseniorswerediedbecauseofwithouttheirchildrenssupport.改为：Someseniorsdiedforlackoftheirchildrenssupport.,例7Theoldmanwashitbyacarwhenheacrossthestreet.改为：Theoldmanwashitbyacarwhenhewascrossingthestreet.,例8Thechildrenaresupposedtosparesometimetocompanytheirparents.改为：Thechildrenaresupposedtosparesometimetoaccompanyourparentschatting.,例9Withtherapiddevelopmentofeconomic,theconditionsofourlifeisimproving.改为：Withtherapiddevelopmentofeconomy,theconditionsofourlifeareimproving.,例10Theyneedeconomicalconcerned,butalsomentalconcerned.改为：Theyneednotonlyfinancialsupport,butalsoemotionalsupport.,例11Withthedevelopmentofthemordernsocial,moreandmorefamiliesprefertohaveonechildorevennone,whichcausethesumoftheseniorshasbeenincreasequickly.改为：Withthedevelopmentofthemodernsociety,anincreasingnumberoffamiliesprefertohaveonechildorevennone,whichcausetherapidincreaseofthesumoftheseniors.causesth.causesb.todosth.,例12Thefirewasbecauseofthewrongofelectricity.改为：Thefirewasduetoelectricfault.,例13Thecauseofthefireincludespeoplescarelessanddryweather.改为：Thecauseofthefireincludespeoplescarelessnessanddryweather.,例14AlthoughIamnotaspecializestudentofcomputer,IhaveenoughknowledgeaboutcomputerandIhaveevertakeapart-timesummerjobasasellmanbefore.改为：AlthoughIamnotacomputermajor/astudentmajoringincomputer,IhaveenoughknowledgeaboutcomputerandIhaveevertakenapart-timesummerjobasasalesmanbefore.,例15Manystudentschoicegotothelibraryintheirsparetimeinordertogetmoreknowledge.改为：Manystudentschoosetogotothelibraryintheirsparetimeinordertoupdatetheirknowledge.,3主谓不一致例Therearetoomuchthingwecandotoprotectourearth.,改为：Therearetoomanythingswecandotoprotectourearth.,例2Thehardwork/hard-workingthenachievethesuccess.,改为1：Hardworkthenenables/helpsustoachievethesuccess.改为2:Weareboundtosucceedthroughhardwork.,例3Happymindleadsalonglife.,改为:Withhappymindseniorswillleadalonglife.,4根据中文逐字硬译例1:makeusmoreperfect,改为：improveourselves/makeusperfect/perfectourselves,例2Ifsomeonesfamilysituationisnotwell,hecanapplyforscholarship.,改为：Ifonesfamilyisnotwelloff,hecanapplyforscholarship.,例3keepagoodbodyhealth,改为：keepfit/healthy,例4Dormitorywashappenedtoafire.,改为：Afirehappened/brokeoutinadormitory.,例5Studentsshouldhardtolearnknowledge.,改为1：Studentsshouldstudythenewknowledgediligentlyunceasingly.改为2：Studentsshouldstudyhardandlearnalotofknowledge.改为3：Studentsshouldstrivetolearnknowledge.,例6Studentswilltakemoretimestostudyornotplay.,改为1：Studentswilltakemoretimetostudyratherthanplay.改为2：Studentswilltakemoretimetostudyinsteadofplaying.改为3：Studentswillspendmoretimestudyinginsteadofplaying.,例7Iwantinthesummervacationconcurrentjobcomputermarketingwork.,改为:Iwanttoapplyfor/lookfor/huntforaconcurrent/part-timejobconcerningcomputermarketinginthesummervacation.,例8NowIattendtheuniversityfirstgradeinthecollegeeducationscientificinstitute.,改为:NowIamafreshmaninCollege/SchoolofEducationScience/EducationandScienceInstitute.,例9AlthoughIdonothavetherelatedcomputermarketingworkexperience,butIbelievethatImaybecompetentthiswork.,改为:AlthoughIdonothavetheworkexperiencerelatedto/concerningcomputermarketing,IbelievethatIwillbecompetentforthiswork.,例10Laterwemustevenmorepayattentiontouseelectricitythesecurity.,改为:Fromnowonwemustmorepayattentiontoelectricitysafety.,5.名词可数与不可数的误用例1:Toomuchtestsaredisadvantageforstudentsstudy.,改为：Toomanytestsaredisadvantageoustostudents.,例2:Inmodernsociety,peopleareundervariouspressures.,改为：Inmodernsociety,peopleareundervariouskindsofpressure.,6.介词to和不定式符号的混淆例1:Toomanytestswilldoharmtocultivateourindependentthinking.,改为：Toomanytestswilldoharmtothecultivationofourindependentthinking.,例2:Allthesecontributedtosolvetheseriousproblem.,改为：Allthesecontributedtothesolutiontotheseriousproblem.,7.动宾搭配不当例1:Wemustpayattentiontoitandmakesolutionsoftheproblem.,改为：Wemustpayattentionandfind/figureout/workoutasolutiontotheproblem.,例2:Italsomayhelpyoutomakesuccess.,改为：Itmayalsohelpyousucceed/obtainyourgoal.,例3:Astrongwillmeansnevergiveup.,改为：Astrongwillmeansnevergivingup.,8词组搭配错误。例1Thepublicserviceadvertisementistocallsavingwatertokeeptheenvironmentinbalance.,改为1:Thepublicserviceadvertisementistocallonthepublictosavewatertokeeptheecologicalbalance/improveearthenvironment.,改为2:Thepublicserviceadvertisementistoappealtothepublictosavewatertokeeptheecologicalbalance/improveearthenvironment.,例2Childrenaresupposedtoprovidetheseniorsmoney,especiallyloveandwarm.,改为1:Childrenaresupposedtoprovidetheseniorswithmoney,especiallyloveandwarmth/care.改为2:Childrenaresupposedtoprovidemoney,especiallyloveandwarmthfortheseniors.,例3Thegovernmentshouldtakeactionstoconcernourseniors.,改为1:Thegovernmentshouldtakeactionstobeconcernedaboutourseniors.改为2:Thegovernmentshouldtakeactionstoshowconcernaboutourseniors.改为3:Thegovernmentshouldtakeactionstocareabout/forourseniors.,例4Theyshouldspentmoretimetotalkwiththemandencouragethemtojoinsomeculturalactivities.,改为:Theyshouldspendmoretimetalkingwiththem,encouragingthemtoparticipateinsomeculturalactivities.,例5Therearevariousofscholarshipforustoapplyfor.,改为1:Therearevariousscholarshipsforustoapplyfor.改为2:Thereareavarietyofscholarshipsforustoapplyfor.改为3:Variousscholarshipsareavailableforstudents.,例6Itsbelievedthatscholarshipcanhelpstudentsimprovetheirstudyandincreaseteachingquality.,改为:Itsbelievedthatscholarshipscanhelptoimprovestudentsstudyandteachingquality.,例7Scholarshipcaninspirethestudentsstudymorehard/hardly.,改为:Scholarshipscaninspire/encourage/stimulate/motivatethestudentstostudyharder.,9综合性语言错误:有诸如时态，语态，标点符号，大小写等方面的错误。例1Takecareoftheseniorsisthesocietysmoralaswellasourduty.,改为：Takingcareoftheseniorsisthesocietysmoralaswellasourduty.,例2ThefirewassoterriblethatIbeafraidtosawit.,改为：ThefirewassoterriblethatIwasterrified/horrified/shocked/frightenedtoseeit.,使文章富有表现力的手段：,1、使用有难度的词汇；2、使用形容词修饰名词，用副词修饰动词或整个句子；3、使用被动语态；4、使用倒装句；(notonly.butalso.；only.)5、尽可能地使用名词，而不是习惯中的动词和形容词。,写作的基本句式,Therebe+主语+定语+状语.1.Theremustbe(avarietyof)reasonsforthis.2.Thereisnopointintalkingaboutitaboutagain.(sense/use/good)3.Thereisnodenyingthefactthatairpollutionisanextremelyseriousproblem.,4.Thereremainsnothing(more)(tobedone).5.Thereisagreatchange(producedintheworldscommunications).6.Thereissomething(youdontknow).7.Thereareabout78%ofthecollegestudents(wantingtofurthertheirstudyaftertheirgraduation).,名词化结构1名词从句转换成名词短语Thatthewomenactivelyparticipateinpubliclifecausesthechangeoftheirroleinthesociety.Thewomensactiveparticipationinpubliclife-,2.表语从句转换成名词短语Oneofthepositiveeffectsofphysicalexerciseisthatitcontributesdirectlytoapersonsphysicalhealth.-isitsdirectcontributiontoapersonsphysicalhealth.,3由of连接含有by的名词短语ThatJamesWattinventedthesteamenginestartedtheIndustrialRevolutioninthe18thcentury.TheinventionofthesteamenginebyJamesWatt,4.被动结构转换成名词Ithasbeensuggestedthatweshouldsparenoeffort不遗余力tobeautifyourenvironment.Asuggestionhasbeenmadethat-,5.副词与动词一起转换成名词短语Thecomputerischieflycharacterizedbyaccuracyandquickcomputation.计算Thechiefcharacteristicofthecomputeris-,6.介词短语与动词一起转换成名词短语Theprofessorexplainedthetheoryofrelativitytohisstudentsindetail.Theprofessorgavehisstudentsadetailedexplanationof-7.动词转换成介词短语Someproblemsarebeingdiscussed.Someproblemsareunderdiscussion.,Exercise:Hehasbreakfastquickly.Asthescienceandtechnologydevelop,thepeopleslivingstandardisontherise.Thereisstillroomforimprovingyourwork.Whathesaidisbriefandtothepoint.Themoneyinitselfisnotimportanttous.,Reference,Hehasaquickbreakfast.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,thepeopleslivingstandardisontherise.Thereisstillroomforimprovementinyourwork.Hiswordsisbriefandtothepoint.Themoneyinitselfisofnoimportancetous.,平行结构1.名词平行Thedoctorrecommendedplentyoffood,sleepandexercise.2.形容词平行Airtravelisfast,safeandconvenient.3.副词平行HealwaysspeaksEnglishslowlyandclearly.,4.非谓语动词短语平行Theywaitedforhoursattheairport,readingandsleeping.5.动词平行LucyandLilylived,workedandstudiedtogether.,6.不定式平行TogoiceskatingandtogoskiingarepopularwintersportsinNorthchina.7.动名词平行Mysisterlikesdancing,swimmingandbicycling.,8.从句平行Becauseextrastudiesbringaboutunhealthyimpactsonphysicalgrowthofthechildrenandbecauseextrastudiesdeprivechildrenofthetimetoplayandcommunicatewiththeirpeers,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthatitisabsurd不合理的，荒谬的tofo