新视界大学英语综合教程2第1单元答案及译文ppt课件

,THINKINGforyourself,Warmingup,1.Listenandunderlineanywordsorexpressionswhicharedifferentfromwhatyouhear.,Thinkaboutit!Herearesometipsforstudentswhowanttoincreasetheirthinkingpower.,Themorecarefullyyouthinkaboutsomething,thelessinterestingitbecomes.AuniversitystudentcanlearnalotfromTVprogrammesaswellasfromteachers.Ifyoutakeabreakwhenyougetstuckonadifficultpassageinabook,itmaybemoredifficulttounderstandwhenyoucomebacktoit.,Themorecarefullyyouthinkaboutsomething,thelessinterestingitbecomes.(more)AuniversitystudentcanlearnalotfromTVprogrammesaswellasfromteachers.(otherstudent)Ifyoutakeabreakwhenyougetstuckonadifficultpassageinabook,itmaybemoredifficulttounderstandwhenyoucomebacktoit.(easier),Dontbelieveanythingyourteachersays.Bepreparedtocheckthefacts.Readyourlecturenotesagainwithin24days.Otherwisetheymaynotmakesensetoyouanymore.Ifyouhaveanygoodideaswhileyouareinthebath,getoutandwritethemdown.Otherwiseyouwillforgetthem.Itsimportanttobelieveinyourownideasasmuchasanybodyelses.,Warmingup,Dontbelieveanythingyourteachersays.Bepreparedtocheckthefacts.(everything)Readyourlecturenotesagainwithin24days.(hours)Otherwisetheymaynotmakesensetoyouanymore.Ifyouhaveanygoodideaswhileyouareinthebath,getoutandwritethemdown.Otherwiseyouwillforgetthem.(bed)Itsimportanttobelieveinyourownideasasmuchasanybodyelses.(morethan),Warmingup,2.Workinpairsanddiscusstheadvice.Decidewhichtipsyouagreewith,andwhichyoudont.,Shorterpointsonthetips:1stone:Thefirstseemstruetome.Ifyoujustlookatanantforamoment,itisoflittleinterest,butifyoustartthinkingabouthowtheylive,whattheydoandsoon,itgetsfascinating,anditslikethatwithmostthings.2ndone:Thoughperhapsthereisadifference.Youaremorelikelytolearnsubjectknowledgefromyourteacherandothertypesofknowledgefromfriendswhohavehaddifferentexperiencesoflife.3rdone:Thereisnopointinjustreadingandrereading.Youneedtogoandgiveyourmindabreak,andthentryagainwhenyoufeelfresh.,Warmingup,4thone:Ithinkthatdependsonthesortofthingtheteachersays.Ifateachergivesyoufactsaboutthesubject,theyarenotlikelytobewrong;butyoucanquestionopinions.5thone:Thisisverygoodadvice.IwishItookitmoreoften.Someofmynotesarelikeastrangeforeignlanguage!6thone:Evenbetterkeepanotebookwithyouallthetime.Youcanputitbythebathaslongasyouarecarefulnottogetitwet,aswellasbesideyourbed.Itisbetterthangettingupandlookingaroundforpenandpaper.7thone:Maybe,buttherehavebeenplentyofwiserandclevererpeoplethanmesoprobablyIshouldlistentotheiropinionsfirst.,Warmingup,Watchthevideoandanswersomequestions.,1.Whatdoyouthinkoftheteachersinthemovie,especiallyMr.Keating,theonewhoteachespoetry?Doyoulikehim?Whyorwhynot?,2.Howdoyouunderstandthesaying“Believingeverythinginbooksisworsethanhavingnobooksatall”?,Warmingup,Lookatthetitleofthepassageandanswerthequestions.,1Whatis“thinkingforyourself”?,Themainmeaningisnotsimplyadoptingtheopinionsofothers,buttakingthetimeandefforttoformyourownopinion,tobeanindependentthinker.,Warmingup,2Isitimportanttothinkforyourself?,Itisofgreatimportancetothinkforyourself;youcouldntjustsimplyaccepttheviewsofothers.Butweshouldalsolistentothewiserpeople,astheytendtoadviseusaccordingtotheirdeeperexperience.,Warmingup,3Howdoyoulearntothinkforyourself?,Onewayis,onanyquestion,totrytothinkaboutdifferentpointsofview.Thismeansyoudonotjustacceptanideabuttestitagainstothersandonlyadoptitifitseemsthebestonetoyou.,Warmingup,4Isitpossibletoteachsomeonetothinkforthemselves?,Yes,itispossiblebutnoteasy.Ithastobeaprocess.Ithinkitcomesslowlywhenstudents,withtheencouragementofteachers,learntochallengethemselvesinastimulatingenvironment.Onedaytheywillfindthemselvesactuallythinkingforthemselves.Iftheteacherpraisesthemforthis,itwillstrengthenthehabit.,Skimming,Browsethepassagewithin8minutestogetaroughideaaboutit.Choosethebestanswertothequestionsonpage4.,Task,1Whydoesthewriterbelievethinkingforoneselfisnotpopular?(a)Becauseittakestoomuchtime.(b)Becauseinstitutionsdontlikeit.(c)Becauseitdoesntleadtoprogress.(d)Becauseonlyafewpeopleareabletodoit.Answer:(b),Skimming,2Howoftenarepeopleinterestedinwhatotherpeoplethinkaccordingtothewriter?(a)Always.(b)Often.(c)Hardlyever.(d)Never.Answer:(c),Skimming,3Whofirstmadethewriterrealizethatthinkingforoneselfisimportant?(a)Themanagerofanoilcompany.(b)Thewritersparents.(c)Thewritersmathsteacher.(d)ThewritersfriendSarah.Answer:(c),Skimming,4Howdidthewriterfeelwhenshewasaskedtowrite“thesumofanumber”?(a)Pleased,becauseitwasaneasyquestiontoanswer.(b)Bored,becauseshewasntinterestedinmaths.(c)Worried,becauseshewastheonlyonewhodidntknowtheanswer.(d)Confused,becauseshedidntunderstandthequestion.Answer:(d),Skimming,5Whatdidthewriterdointheend?(a)Shecopiedwhatsomeoneelsewrote.(b)Shesuddenlyrealizedthemeaningofthequestion.(c)Shefelttoofrightenedtowriteananswer.(d)Sheaskedtheteachertoexplain.Answer:(a),Skimming,6Whatdoesthewriterthinkofthemathsteacher?(a)Shewasthebestteachersheeverhad.(b)Shewastheworstteachersheeverhad.(c)Shetaughtheranimportantlesson.(d)Shevaluedtheintelligenceofherpupils.Answer:(c),Thinkforyourself1Thinkingforyourselfisstillaradicalact.,译文,Digging,MP3,2Thinkingforyourselfisnotapopularactivity,thoughitshouldbe.Everystepofrealprogressinoursocietyhascomefromit.Butinmostcircles,particularlyinplacesthatshapeourlivesfamilies,schoolsandmostworkplacesthinkingforyourselfisregardedwithsuspicion.Someinstitutionsthwartitonpurpose.Itcanbeseenasdangerous.,MP3,Digging,3IwasremindedofthissadfactatapartywhenafellowguestaskedmethesubjectofabookIwasplanningtowrite.Itoldhimthatitwasabouthowpeoplecanhelpeachothertothinkforthemselves.“Ohdear,”hesaid,“Idontthinkmuchofthat;Imuchpreferpeopledoastheyretold.”Ilaterfoundoutthatheisthefourth-generationpresidentofoneofthelargestoilcompanies.,译文,MP3,Digging,4Whenwasthelastorganizationalvisionstatementyousawthatincludedthewords“todevelopourselvesintoamodelenvironmentinwhicheveryoneateverylevelcanthinkforthemselves”?Forthatmatter,whenwasthelasttimesomebodyaskedyou,“Whatdoyoureallythink,really?”andthenwaitedforyoutoansweratlength?,译文,MP3,Digging,5Thisdearthshouldnotsurpriseus.Hardlyanyonehasbeenencouraged,muchlesstrained,tothinkforthemselves,andtheirteachersandparentsandbosseswerenteither.Andneitherweretheirs.(WemayhavelearnedtoreverethinkerslikeSocrates,butwealsolearnedthatthestatepoisonedhimforthinkingforhimself:notunmitigatedencouragement.),译文,MP3,Digging,6Occasionally,however,wedohaveateacherormentorwhotrulywantsustodevelopourownthinking.Theygiveusglimpses.WhenIwas13yearsold,Iwasputintoanadvancedalgebracourse.Onthefirstdaytheteacher,whowasmalignedbystudentsasahardteacherbecauseshetriedtogetthemtothink,stoodinfrontoftheblackboardandsaid,“Onthepaperinfrontofyouwritethesumofanumber.”,译文,MP3,Digging,7Theentireclassof35pubescentpeoplejuststaredather.Sherepeatedthedirection,“Writethesumofanumber.”,译文,MP3,Digging,译文,MP3,Digging,8Iremembermyhandgatheringsweataroundthepencil.Afewheadslookeddownandtheirpencilsstartedup.Iwonderedwhatintheworldtheywerewriting.Isawthegirlacrosstheaislefrommeleanforwardandpeerovertheshoulderoftheboyinfrontofherwhowasscribblingsomething.Thenshescratchedafigureandimmediatelycovereditwithherhand.,9Theteacherpacedandrubbedthechalkbetweenherfingers.Iwonderedwhatshewasabouttoputontheboard.Iwasnowtheonlyonenotwriting.Ileanedbackandovermyleftshoulderwhisperedtomyfriend,“Whatisit?”,译文,MP3,Digging,10“Seven,”shewhisperedback.,MP3,Digging,11SoIwrote“7”onmypaper.Ikeptmyheaddown,hopingIlookedbusyandconfident.,MP3,MP3,Digging,12Aftertheagonyamongushadbecometactile,theteacheraskedusforouranswers.Thenumber7wasprevalent.Shewalkedslowlyovertotheboardandwrote:“Thereisnosuchthingasthesumofanumber.”,MP3,Digging,13Iknewthat.14Whydidntyouwriteit?15Sarahsaiditwas7.16Whydidyouaskher?17BecauseIdontknow.18Thatsright.Fromnowon,thinkforyourself.,Digging,19Iwastooscaredaroundthatteacherfortherestofmyyounglifetothinkverywellinherpresence.ButItookthemessagewithmeandgraduallyexaminedandvaluedit.,MP3,Digging,Idontrecommendhumiliatingpeopleintothinkingforthemselvesasshehad.ShecertainlydidnotcreateaThinkingEnvironmentforus.Hadsheaffirmedourintelligencefirstandspokenaboutthejoyofthinkingforourselves,hadshenotfannedourfearofher,wewouldallhavelearnedevenmorepowerfullywhatitmeanttodoourthinking.Andwemighthavebeenabletothinkwellaroundhertoo.,MP3,Digging,Mainideaofthetext,20Butatleastsheintroducedtheconceptintomyacademiclife.,MP3,1Thinkingforyourselfisstillaradicalact.(Para1),Theword“still”showsthewritersimpatienceafterallthistimewearestillthinkinglikesheep(盲目从众、没有主见的人)andfollowingwhateveryoneelsedoesorthinks.,Difficultsentences,Difficultsentences,2particularlyinplacesthatshapeourlivesfamilies,schoolsandmostworkplacesthinkingforyourselfisregardedwithsuspicion.(Line4,Para2),Theideabehindthissentenceisthatourlivesaresignificantlyinfluencedbyplacesorsocialinstitutionslikethefamily,schoolorworkplace.Forexample,parentstendtomakelifechoicesfortheirchildren,schoolsmakestudentswearuniformandobeytheteacher,andmostcompanieswanttheirworkerstofollowregularproceduresandnottoexpresstheiropinions.,Thewriterwasshockedthatapersoninsuchaseniorpositionshouldhavesuchanopinionandpreferobedientemployeestothoughtfulones.,Difficultsentences,3Ilaterfoundoutthatheisthefourth-generationpresidentofoneofthelargestoilcompanies.(Line7,Para3),Theanswerexpectedisthatitisveryrareforvisionstatementstosaysuchthings,eventhoughthewriterthinksitiswhateveryorganizationshouldbeaimingat.,Difficultsentences,Whenwasthelastorganizationalvisionstatementyousawthatincludedthewords?(Line1,Para4),Thisisanexampleofirony:Theexpressionisfartoomild;clearlykillingsomeone,ieSocrates,isverypowerfuldiscouragementtootherswhointendtofollowhim.notunmitigatedencouragement:notacompletelygoodencouragement,Difficultsentences,5(WemayhavelearnedtoreverethinkerslikeSocrates,butwealsolearnedthatthestatepoisonedhimforthinkingforhimself:notunmitigatedencouragement.)(Line5,Para5),Theratherstrangealliterative(头韵的)expression“pubescentpeople”insteadofthemorenormal“teenagers”addsatouchofhumour.,Difficultsentences,6Theentireclassof35pubescentpeoplejuststaredather.(Line1,Para7),Theteacherdrewouttheevent,creatingsuspense,andatthatmomentthetensionintheclassroomcouldevenbetouched.Thisisanexaggerationasagonycannotactuallybetouched,thoughsometimesphysicalsymptomsarevisible,egsweatingwhenstrained.,Difficultsentences,7Aftertheagonyamongushadbecometactile,(Line1,Para12),Notetheabsenceofquotationmarks.Thisdialogueisnotbetweenthechildandteacherbutinthechildshead.,Difficultsentences,8Iknewthat.(Para13),Unfortunately,theteacherslessondidnotreallyworkatthetimebecauseherapproachmadethestudentssoafraidofherthattheirbrainswouldnotworkproperlyinherpresence.fortherestofmyyounglife:Itreferstothetimethewriterspentatthatschool.,Difficultsentences,9Iwastooscaredaroundthatteacherfortherestofmyyounglifetothinkverywellinherpresence.(Line1,Para19),aThinkingEnvironment:ItisanimportantconceptinNancyKlinesbook;itreferstoanorganizationalatmospherewhichmakespeoplefeelcomfortableaboutthinkingabouttheirworkandgoals.,Difficultsentences,ShecertainlydidnotcreateaThinkingEnvironmentforus.(Line6,Para19),Itisametaphorderivedfromfanningafire/flame.Theteacherdidgivethemavaluablelessonbutitsimpactwaslessenedbyheralsoincreasingstudentsfearofher.,Difficultsentences,11hadshenotfannedourfearofher(Line9,Para19),radical,释义,a.radicalopinionsoractsarebasedonthebeliefthatimportantpoliticalorsocialchangesarenecessary激进的；极端的,例句,Hisradicalideasarelikelytoproducefireworksatthemeeting.,他的激进思想很可能在会上引起激烈的争论。,翻译,Words,例句,翻译,Ineverdaredberadicalwhenyoungforfearitwouldmakemeconservativewhenold.,我年轻时从来不敢激进，因为害怕年老时那会使我保守。,particularly,释义,ad.usedforemphasizingthatsomethingrefersespeciallytoonespecificperson,thing,orsituation尤其,例句,Theenvironmenthasbecomeamajorpoliticalissue,particularlyinthepastdecade.,环境保护已成为了一个主要的政治问题，尤其是在过去10年里。,翻译,Words,真题,Theautomobileislosingitsemotionalappeal,particularlyamongtheyoung,whoprefertospendtheirmoneyonthelatestelectronicdevices.(Jun.2009,CET-4,Vocabularyandstructure),suspicion,释义,n.Uafeelingthatyoudonottrustsomeoneorsomething不信任；猜疑,例句,Refugeestendtobetreatedwithsuspicion.,难民常会遭人猜疑。,翻译,Words,例句,Newpeopleinourtownwereregardedwithsuspicion.,我们镇上的人对新来的人存有戒备心。,翻译,suspicion,释义,n.Cafeelingthatsomeonehasdonesomethingwrong（对某人做错事的）怀疑，猜疑，疑心,例句,ShehadasuspicionthatMrEngelwasnotbeingcompletelyhonest.,她怀疑恩格尔先生没有完全说实话。,翻译,Words,真题,Imaginethatsomeoneinyourneighborhoodbrokethelaw,andthejudgeputthewholeneighborhoodundersuspicion.(Dec.2010,CET-4,ListeningComprehension),例句,Hersuspicionswerearousedbythesmellofperfumeonhisclothes.,他衣服上的香水味引起了她的怀疑。,翻译,释义,例句,Theyargueforthereformofexistingpoliticalinstitutions.,他们认为要改革现有的政治机构。,翻译,Words,institution,AndintheUnitedStates,institutionsarehelpingplacestudentsinsummerinternships(实习)abroadtopreparethemforglobalcareers.(Dec.2007,CET-4,SkimmingandScanning),真题,例句,Thatisacharitableinstitutionfortheeducationofyoungchildren.,那是个从事儿童教育的慈善团体。,翻译,subject,释义,n.Canidea,problem,situationetcthatyoudiscussorwriteabout主题；话题,例句,Hesnevermentionedthesubjectofmoney.,他从未提到过钱的问题。,翻译,Words,Onthesubjectofspacewalks,forexample,audiencesvaryintheirinterestsandhowmuchcomplexitytheycancomprehend.(Dec.2008,CET-4,ListeningComprehension),真题,ThepositivesideofHenryFordsstatementcanbeseenintheprosperitythatbusinesshasbroughttoU.S.life.(Jun.2003,CET-4,ReadingComprehension),statement,释义,n.Csomethingyousayorwritethatstatesafactorgivesinformationinaformalway说明；陈述,例句,Herefusedtomakeastatementtothepress.,他拒绝向媒体发表声明。,翻译,Words,真题,例句,Awillisastatementofwhogetswhatwhenyoudie.,遗嘱就是在你死后关于谁得到什么东西的陈述。,翻译,“Welfarewasapoison.Itwasatoxin(毒素)thatwaspoisoningthefamily,”saysRobertRector,awelfare-reformpolicyanalyst.(Jun.2000,CET-4,ReadingComprehension),poison,释义,vt.tokillsomeoneormakethemveryillbygivingthempoison毒杀；毒害,例句,Hewassuspectedofpoisoninghiswife.,他有毒死妻子的嫌疑。,翻译,Words,真题,真题,They(foxes)areofficiallyclassifiedasharmfulandfarmerstrytokeeptheirnumbersdownbyshootingorpoisoningthem.(Jan.2002,CET-4,ReadingComprehension),Thegoalwastoletfarmerspreciselytargetpesticide(杀虫剂)sprayingratherthanrainpoisononawholefield,whichinvariablyincludesplantsthatdonthavepest(害虫)problems.(Jun.1997,CET-4,ReadingComprehension),poison,释义,n.C,Uasubstancethatcankillyouormakeyouillifyoueat,drink,orbreatheit有毒物；毒药,例句,Somemushroomscontainpoison.,有些蘑菇是有毒的。,翻译,Words,真题,encouragement,释义,n.C,Uwordsoractionsthatgivesomeoneconfidenceorhope鼓励；鼓舞,例句,Hereceivedalotofencouragementfromhisteacher.,老师给了他极大的鼓励。,翻译,Words,真题,Weexpectourpupilstodotheirbest,nottheirleast,andwegivethemeveryencouragementtoattainthisgoal.(Jan.1990,CET-4,ReadingComprehension),例句,Mickwasalwaysreadytoofferadviceandencouragement.,迈克总是乐于给别人建议和鼓励。,翻译,glimpse,释义,n.C(of/into)anexperiencethatgivesyouanideaofwhatsomethingislike窥见某物之一斑,例句,翻译,Words,Theexhibitgivesusaglimpseofwhatlifemightbelikeinthefuture.,这个展览让我们了解到未来的生活可能是什么样子。,例句,翻译,ThatsmileaffordedherabriefglimpseoftheothersideofAdam.,亚当的微笑让她看到了他的另一面。,glimpse,释义,n.C(of)anoccasionwhenyouseesomeoneorsomethingforamomentonly一瞥,例句,翻译,Words,Somefanshadwaited24hoursoutsidethehoteltocatchaglimpseofthefilmstar.,为了一睹这个电影明星的风采，有些粉丝已经在饭店外等了一天。,AbriefglimpseatadailynewspapervividlyshowshowmuchpeopleintheUnitedStatesthinkaboutbusiness.(Jan.2003,CET-4,Readingcomprehension),真题,例句,翻译,Wecaughtjustaglimpseofthesunonthecloudyday.,在那个大阴天，太阳只露了一下脸儿。,advanced,释义,ad.atahighacademiclevel高等的；高级的,例句,翻译,Words,Shetaughtherselfadvancedmathematicsfromtextbooks.,她通过教材自学了高等数学。,真题,Universitiesareinstitutionsthatteachawindvarietyofsubjectsatadvancedlevels.(Jun.2008,CET-4,Cloze),例句,翻译,Thelabhasrecentlybeenupdatedtoallowformoreadvancedcourses.,实验室最近经过更新，可以上更高级的课程了。,advanced,释义,ad.basedonthemostrecentmethodsorideas先进的,例句,翻译,Words,Imsurethatwellcatchupwiththeadvancedcountrieswithin20years.,我相信在20年内，我们一定能赶上先进国家。,真题,Wearenowwitnessingtheemergenceofanadvancedeconomybasedoninformationandknowledge.(Jun.2008,CET-4,Listeningcomprehension),例句,翻译,Manyareafraidthat,withoutmoretrainingoradvancedtechnicalskills,theylllosetheirjobs.,许多人担心他们会因为缺乏进一步培训或先进的技术而丢掉工作。,lean,释义,vi.(forward/back/towards/acrossetc)tomoveyourbodysoitisclosertoorfurtherfromsomeoneorsomething探身；弯腰；屈身,例句,翻译,Words,西莉亚弯腰捡起铅笔。,Celialeanedforwardtopickupherpencil.,Ihadtokeepchangingtheangleeverytimesheleanedovertotalktohim,orheleanedovertokissher.(Jan.2002,CET-4,Cloze),真题,例句,翻译,女孩俯身过来想听一听出了什么事。,Thegirlleanedforwardtohearwhatwasgoingon.,lean,释义,vi.(against/on)tostandorbesetatanangleagainstsomethingforsupportinsteadofbeingupright倾斜；倚靠；斜靠,例句,翻译,Words,别靠着围栏，那不结实。,Dontleanonthefence.Itsnotverysturdy.,Justleanitagainstthewallthere.Usetheladderagainanytime.(Jan.1997,CET-4,ListeningComprehension),真题,例句,翻译,他手里拿着一杯饮料，靠在酒吧柜台上。,Hewasleaningonthebarwithadrinkinhishand.,peer,释义,vi.tolookverycarefully,especiallybecausesomethingisdifficulttosee仔细看；（尤指）费力地看,翻译,Words,她凝视着报纸上的那张小照片。,Shepeeredatthetinypictureinthenewspaper.,Hepeeredatthecomputerscreen,wonderingwhathisprogrammingmistakewas.,真题,例句,例句,翻译,他盯着计算机屏幕，不知道程序哪儿出错了。,scratch,释义,vt.(infml)towritesomethingveryquicklyandcarelessly仓促写下,例句,翻译,Words,他仓促地写了封短信给妻子。,Hescratchedafewlinestohiswife.,例句,翻译,Hescratchednotesonapadwhentheprofessorlectured.,听教授讲课的时候，他迅速地在便签纸上记着笔记。,scratch,释义,v.topullyournailsalongyourskin,especiallybecauseyouhaveanitchthatmakesyouwanttodothis（尤指因皮肤发痒）抓，挠,例句,翻译,Words,你能帮我挠挠背么？,Couldyoupleasescratchmybackforme?,例句,翻译,Hescratchedhisarmonarosethorn.,他的胳膊被玫瑰刺划伤了。,pace,释义,v.towalkwithregularstepsaroundasmallarea,becauseyouareworried,nervous,orimpatient（因担忧、紧张或不耐烦而）踱步，踱步于,例句,翻译,Words,老虎在笼子里踱来踱去。,Thetigerwaspacingthefloorofitscage.,例句,翻译,WhenIgetnervousIstartpacingbackandforth.,我一紧张就要来回走动。,rub,释义,v.topressandmoveyourhandsoranobjectoverasurface擦；磨擦,例句,翻译,Words,搓搓手会让你暖和些。,Rubyourhandstogetheritwillhelpyoutostaywarm.,TheplayerproceededtorubhisglovesacrosshiswetT-shirtandthenexclaimed.“Aretheywetenoughnow?”(Jan.2005,CET-4,ReadingComprehension),真题,例句,翻译,我们尝试用两块木头相互摩擦来生火。,Wetriedtomakeafirebyrubbingtwostickstogether.,agony,释义,n.C,Uastrongandunpleasantfeeling,especiallygreatworryorsadness痛苦；煎熬,例句,翻译,Words,她不得不经受离开孩子的痛苦。,Shehadtogothroughtheagonyofleavingherchildren.,Theywe