初中英语定语从句专项语法讲解

中学英语定语从句特殊语法说明第一，在attributive子句的概念：复句中，修改名词或代词的子句称为attributive子句。修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词后面。二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，一般关系代词有that、which、who(bing whom，所有格whose)等，关系副词有where、when、why等。关系代词和关系副词在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用，同时充当定语从句的重要组成部分。三、定语从句的分类可以分为限制性attributive子句和非限制性attributive子句。限制性定语从句紧接着先行词，宾语从句和逗号分隔，不能存储从句，非限制性定语从句主句和从句之间用逗号分隔，起到省略等补充说明作用，意义仍然完整。四、关系代词的使用1.that既可以用于人，也可以用于事物。子句可以用主语，宾语，主语的时候不能省略，宾语的时候可以省略。例如：the man that is speaking at the meeting is an advanced worker。(that代表人，作为主语)this is the doctor that you talked about yesterday。(that针对人)there is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom .(that是作为主体的事物)the letter that I received yestered day was from my father。(that表示事物的目的)2.弯折用于事物，在句子中主语，宾语，主语不能省略，宾语可以省略。例如：Mary likes music which is quiet and gentle。(which是作为主体的事物)the film which we saw last night was wonderful。(which是事物)Who，whom是指人，who是主题，whom是目标。可以使用who代替whom，也可以省略。例如：This is the thief who stole my bike。(谁指人，给谁)He is the boy whom you wanted to find .(谁指人，用宾语)the girl whose mother is a doctor is waiting for you outside。妈妈是医生，她在外面等你。做成属性第五，关系词只能用于that:1.先行词被序数或形容词的最高级修改，或本身是序数、基数、形容词的最高级时，只能使用that，不能使用which。例如：he was the first person that passed the exam。他是第一个通过考试的人。2.修饰过的前置语是all、any、much、many、everything、anything、none、the one等非确定代词时，只能使用that，不能使用which。例如：is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？店里有什么要买的吗？3.前置任务布置为theonly、the very、the same、the last、little、few等时，只能使用that，不能使用which。例如：This is the same bike that I lost .这是我丢的自行车。4.前置任务包含人或物时，只能使用that，不能使用which。例如：I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room。我能清楚地记得在那个房间里看到的人和几张照片。5.由who或which领导的特殊疑问句，只能使用that以避免重复。示例：Who is the girl that is crying？那个在哭的女人是谁？6.订购场是there be结构，修改主语的观众节用that代替which。例如：there is abook on the desk that belongs to Tom .书桌上的那本书是汤姆的。第六，关系词语只能使用which，不能使用that:1.先行词是that，those时，that。使用which代替whats that which is under the desk吗？桌子下面的那些是什么？2.关系代词之前有介词的时候，一般用which代替that。例如：This is the room in which he lives。这是他住的房间。3.使用which代替that引导非限制性attributive子句。例如：汤姆坎柏，辉ch made us happy。汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。五、关系副词的使用(1)when指时间，前置语指时间，在句子中用作时间副词。例如：This was the time when he arrived。他到达的时间。(2)where表示地点，前置语表示地点，在句子中用作位置副词。例如：This is place where he works。这是他工作的地方。(3)why是其先行词的原因，起到其原因副词的作用。例如：nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school。没人知道他为什么总是上学迟到。中学英语定语从句特殊语法练习()1。I like the music I can dance to .A.that B. whose C. when D. how()2 .the book he bought yesterday is very interesting。A.B. why C. when D. what()3 .this is one of the best films I have ever seen。A.which B. that C. in which D. in that()4。the town web visited a few years ago is much large than before。A.it B. who C. which D. where()5。the young lady web met yesterday is our new maths teacher。A.what B. whose C. whom D. which()6。the man is smoking there is Li Ming s father。A.which B. where C. who D. whose()7。I like the teacher classes are very interesting and creative。A.which B. who C. what D. whose()8。I like to live in the house is big and bright .A.that B. who C. how D. what()9 .-do you know the man came here yesterday？-yes，he brought me the most interesting book I had wanted to buy。A.who、which B. who、thatC.whom、which D. what、that()10。I love people are friendly to others。A.which B. whose C. what D. who()11。the skirt is made of silk is very expeensive。I cant afford it .A.what B./C. that D. it()12。this is the girl mother is an English teacher of our school .A.that B. who C. whom D. whose()13。the songs Alice sang were very popular。A.where B. who C. that D. whose()14-do you know theman _ _ _ is taling with your father？-是的，hes our headhost。A.he B. who C. which D. whom()15。this is the best hotel _ _ _ _ I know in the city。A.where B. which C. that D. it()16。my watch is not the only thing _ _ _ _ is missing。A.that B. it C. which D. who()1