状语从句1.ppt

状语从句的用法详解,高考英语连词、状语、状语从句考点复习,GRAMMAR,一、时间状语从句,1.when,while,as,wheneverwhen,while,as表示主句谓语和从句的谓语动作同时发生或几乎同时发生。,当他们还在说笑的时候，老师进来了。,Whentheywerestilltalkingandlaughing,theteachercamein.,他们正看着世界杯比赛，突然灯灭了。,TheywerewatchingtheWorldCupwhensuddenlythelightswentout.,when还可作“既然”解，引出原因状语从句,Itwasfoolishofyoutotakeataxiwhenyoucouldeasilywalkthereinfiveminutes.,while有时可以作并列连词，表示对比，可译成而。,我喜欢英语而他却喜欢数学。,IamfondofEnglishwhilehelikesmath.,while有时可引导让步状语从句，意思是虽然。,虽然他们都爱他们的孩子，但却对他们要求严格。,Whiletheylovethechildren,theyarestrictwiththem.,as表示随着，此用法不用when或while替代。,随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖了。,Astimegoeson,itsgettingwarmerandwarmer.,我打算去邮局。当你在邮局的时候，请帮我买几张邮票好吗?,Imgoingtothepostoffice.Whileyouarethere,canyougetmesomestamps?,whenever是when的强势语，它描述的不是一次性动作，而是经常发生的习惯性动作。,每当我们遇上困难的时候，他们就来帮我们。,Wheneverwemetwithdifficulties,theycametohelp.,before从句往往带有否定的含义，常译为：还没等到.就.；还没来得及就趁着还没就。作此意时，从句中常见情态动词can/could。,我还没有来得及回答，他挂了电话。,ThemanhungupthephonebeforeIcouldanswerit.,2.before常用句型Itwillbe+时间段+before+一般现在时：要等多久才.五年以后我们才能再见。Itwontbelongbefore+一般现在时：等不了多久就会不用过多久你就会对你所作所为感到后悔的。,Itwillbefiveyearsbeforewecanmeetagain.,Itwillnotbelongbeforeyouregretwhatyouhavedone.,Itwas+时间段+before+一般过去时：等了多久就过了几分钟警察才到。Itwasntlongbefore+一般过去时：没等多久就不久我就意识到我错了。,Itwasminutesbeforethepolicearrived.,ItwasnotlongbeforeIrealizedIwaswrong.,3.Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since+一般过去时：自从以来到现在已经有多长时间战争爆发以来已有三年。,Itisthreeyearssincethewarbrokeout.,4.Notuntil/till表示直到才，主句通常要用短暂动词，这时until和till可用before代替。Not有时被no,nobody,nothing,never,hardly,little等否定词所取代。,人们直至失去了健康才知其可贵。,Peoplewillneverknowthevalueoftheirhealthtill/until/before/theyhavelostit.,直到老师向我解释我才理解了那个理论。,Icouldhardlyunderstandthetheoryuntilmyteacherexplainedittome.,必背：notuntil句型的倒装句：当notuntil位于句首时，主句中的主语、谓语要使用倒装语序。(Notuntil+助动词+主语+其他)直到她不哭了，我才离开的。,NotuntilshestoppedcryingdidIleave.,notuntil句型的强调句：在强调句型(Itis/wasnotuntil.that)中一般只能用until，不用till。直到她摘下墨镜，我才认出她。,ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrecognizedher.,5.Since,Eversince还可以用作副词或介词。这只大钟在战争中损坏了，从此就一直不响了。我叔叔五十年代就去了西藏，从那以后他一直生活在那里。你们自毕业以来已经在工作中取得了巨大成就。,Thebigclockwasdamagedduringthewarandhasbeensilent（ever）since.,MyunclewenttoTibetinthe1950s.Hehasbeenlivingthere（ever）since.,Youhavemadegreatachievementsinyourworksincegraduation.,6.Once作连词时，也相当于assoonas，但它含有的条件意味更浓，它引导的从句较短。,一旦开了头，你就应当继续下去。,Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.,一就还可以用on/upon(doing)sth.结构来表示。,他一到家就给莱斯特打电话。,OnarrivinghomehecalledLester.,OnhisarrivalofhomehecalledLester.,Assoonashearrivedhome,hecalledLester.,7.immediatelyinstantlydirectly,themoment,theminute,theinstant,thesecond相当于assoonas，从句中用一般过去时态。,告诉他，他一到我就要见他。你一有结果，马上给我打电话。我很累，一合上眼就睡着了。,TellhimIneedtoseehimtheminutehearrives.,Telephonemeimmediatelyyougettheresults.,IwassotiredthatIfellasleeptheinstantIclosedmyeyes.,nexttime,thefirsttime,thelasttime,everytime,anytime,eachtime,下次你进城一定来看我们。我第一次见他时，他给我留下了好印象。我第三次去那儿时，我发现他们都离开了，所有的办公室都是空的。,Besuretocallonusnexttimeyoucometotown.,HeleftmeagoodimpressionthefirsttimeImethim.,ThethirdtimeIwentthere,Ifoundallofthemhadleftandtheofficeswereallempty.,8.hardly,scarcely,nosooner位于句子的开头时，主句须用倒装语序。她刚要睡着，忽然敲门声把她吵醒。我一回到家，天就开始下起雨来。,Hardlyhadshefallenasleepwhenaknockatthedoorwokeherup.,Hardly/ScarcelyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.,NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.,itsthat是强调句,其基本句式是Itis(was)+被强调部分+that(who)+句子其他部分。此结构强调的成分仅限于主语,宾语和状语。,大约600年前，第一个有钟面和时针的钟诞生了。,Itwasabout600yearsagothefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.,Itwasabout600yearsthefirstclockwithafaceandanhourhandwasmade.,that,when,强调句型,定语从句,1Heaskedmejusttositdownanddrinksomewater_Icouldsayanythingaboutmytravelplan.AwhileBwhenCifDbefore2Ihadjustfinisheddoingmyexaminationpapers_thebellrang.AwhenBwhileCbeforeDafter,3_Iadmithisgoodpoints，Istillfeelitunwisetoofferhimthisimportantposition.AWhileBUnlessCWhenDAs4.Itsknowntoallthat_youtakeexerciseregularly，willyoukeepgoodhealth.AunlessBonlywhenCalthoughDifonly,5“Youcanthavethisfootballback_youpromisenottokickitatmycatagain，”theoldmansaidfirmly.AbecauseBsinceCwhenDuntil6JennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotatCanada，_thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.AasBifCwhenDwhere,7_Ireallydontlikeart，Ifindhisworkimpressive.AAsBSinceCIfDWhile8Youwillbesuccessfulintheinterview_youhaveconfidence.AbeforeBonceCuntilDthough,9Idliketostudylawatuniversity_mycousinprefersgeography.AthoughBasCwhileDfor10Hewastoldthatitwouldbeatleastthreemoremonths_hecouldrecoverandreturntowork.AwhenBbeforeCsinceDthat,for表示的是推断解释昨晚肯定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。天亮了，因为鸟在叫。,二：原因状语从句,Thedaybreaks,forthebirdsaresinging.,Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.,as由于。一般多用于句首由于病了，她没来参加晚会。由于下雨我们都呆在家里。由于天气好，我们决定去爬山。,二：原因状语从句,Astheweatherwasfine,wedecidedtoclimbthemountain.,Asshewasill,shedidntcometotheparty.,Asitrained,weallstayedathome.,as同though一样，也可以引导让步状语从句，但从句中要用特殊语序。他虽然年轻，但懂得很多。虽然天气冷，但孩子们仍在户外玩。,Coldasitis,thechildrenareplayingoutdoors.,Youngasheis,heknowsalot.,since因为，既然。引导的从句大多置于句首，主从句的时态一般相同。因为你没有驾驶执照，所以不允许你开车。既然大家都来了，咱们就设法做出一个决定吧。,二：原因状语从句,Sinceyouareallhere,letstryandreachadecision.,Sinceyouhavenotgotyourdrivinglicense,youarenotallowedtodrive.,nowthat既然，因为。既然你又提起此事，我想和你谈一谈。,二：原因状语从句,Nowthatyouhavementioneditagain,Iliketotalkwithyou.,inthat因为，原因在于,二：原因状语从句,这本书不同于那本,因为这本是有关化学的,而那本是有关历史的。,Thisbookisdifferentfromthatbookinthatthisoneisaboutchemistryandthatoneabouthistory.,incase,lest,forfearthat：表示万一，惟恐，含有否定的意义。,三：目的状语从句,最好多带些衣服以防天气会冷。以防下雨，带把伞。,Takeanumbrellaincaseitrains.,Bettertakemoreclothesincasetheweatheriscold.,有时though=andyet=however但是，然而，放在句子末尾，前面用逗号。那工作很苦，但是我喜欢干。工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。,四：让步状语从句,Itwashardwork;Ienjoyedit,though.,Thoughitwashardwork,Ienjoyedit.,Itwashardwork,butIenjoyedit.,Itshardwork;Ienjoyit,though.,though从句有时可以倒装，将从句中的一部分提置句首，把表语或状语提前(名词、形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前).句首名词不能带任何冠词；如句首是实义动词,助动词放在主语后.如果实义动词有宾语和状语,随实义动词一起放在主语之前.尽管他是个孩子，他懂得的东西却很多。,四：让步状语从句,Childthoughheis,heknowsalot.,evenif,eventhough我们就是失败十次也不泄气。纵然你失败，你也会得到一些经验。,四：让步状语从句,Evenif/eventhoughyouhavefailed,youwillhavegainedexperienc