专业英语【PPT课件】

. 素周期表） is It is by in up 0% of by as is to it is in is in is of It in to as if be on be a of a is in a it is a in 999 is of is an is in is in is in is an in in a t . is on as s as it is so on is of is in by of is is it is to of in in SA as % It is by of be in is in is a (a 1 is a as as is A of is in a or so in to a is by to an to i+. It is is is in in is a A is in It is in in of is in in is of is of as is in in as of of is of in is as in in It is a of as of 6 % is in of of it a 1/112th of is of of in a of it is to of is a A of is is in it a in in is of of of is is is of It is or 2. It is an of in to of a mm at is in of s in a on in in is is in is is is of It is of of A H i a s r g a r a a 0 F e e I o V A B C N l P l e : “ 元素 ” 和 “ 单质 ” 的 英 文 意 思 都 是“ 有时为了区别 ， 在强调 “ 单质 ” 时可用 “ 因此 ， 单质的英文名称与元素的英文名称是一样的 。 下面给出的既是元素的名称 ，同时又是单质的名称 。 双原子分子： H/ N/ O/ 单原子分子： . 3. 化合物的命名 化合物的命名顺序都是根据化学式从左往右读，这与中文读法顺序是相反的。表示原子个数时使用前缀 (1)2),(3)(4) ,(5)(6)7)(8)9)10)是在不会引起歧义时，这些前缀都尽可能被省去。 1). s + 2). s ) I) I) V) I) 对于有变价的金属元素，除了可用前缀来表示以外，更 多采用罗马数字来表示金属的氧化态，或用后缀 如 : I) 或 ) I) s s or O= - = H- 4. 正酸根 s s 亚酸根 s s 次酸根 s s 高酸根 s s 5. I) ( ( 2 2 (o， 前缀中 a， 有些物质常用俗称 ,如 无氧酸 命名规则： ic 例： 2S : H)3 H)2 a( o( I) 盐 (1). 正盐 (：根据化学式从左往右分别读出阳离子和阴离子的名称。 I) ) I) 2) 酸式盐： (正盐的读法 ， 酸根中的读做 氢原子的个数用前缀表示 。 (3) H)2I) a(l g( 4)复盐 (同正盐的读法。 + 5)水合盐：结晶水读做 1221). s 2 3 2). s 3 与酸根命名总结 采用前后缀的不同组合显示不同价态的含氧酸和含氧酸根阴离子，价态相同的含氧酸及含氧酸根阴离子具有相同的前缀，不同的后缀。 高某酸 正酸 亚酸 次酸 某酸根 正酸根 亚酸根 次酸根 它的前缀还有 举例： 2 . 1). as s o - O= 2). as O 2O 2 1). or ) + ) 2+ I) ( N- 2O H- H3 O - l- r- 见配体的名称 (2)s ) N)64- I) - (3)名时先命名阳离子部分，最后命名阴离子部分，阴离子配体以字母顺序列出，中心阳离子价态一般以罗马数字在名称后标出。 ) 4N)6 I) I) i( ) 2 H)2 2 H)2 e( or or or or H)2 I) H)2 I) I) ) e( I) if a of it be to by 1766in 800s. It is of in of “be or is