关 键 词：

施工组织设计 重要性

资源描述：

施工组织设计的重要性,施工组织设计,重要性

内容简介：

IMPORTANCEOFCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNSUMMARYCONSTRUCTIONWORKINTHECONSTRUCTIONPROCESS,THECONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONSCHEMEWILLNOTONLYDIRECTLYAFFECTPROJECTQUALITY,DURATIONANDSAFETYALSOHASANIMPORTANTIMPACTINTHECONSTRUCTIONPROCESSCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONPROJECTSANDMENTORINGINCONSTRUCTIONOFKEYTECHNICALANDECONOMICDOCUMENTSCANREGULATETHECONSTRUCTIONPEOPLE,MACHINES,MATERIALS,ENVIRONMENT,TECHNOLOGY,EQUIPMENT,CONSTRUCTION,INSTALLATION,MANAGEMENT,PRODUCTIONANDOTHERCONFLICTS,MONITORINGANDCONTROLOFTHECONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGN,SCIENTIFICANDREASONABLEASSURANCETHECOMPLETIONOFPROJECTOFHIGHQUALITY,LOWCOST,LOWENERGYCONSUMPTIONKEYWORDSPROJECTMANAGEMENTCONSTRUCTIONMANAGEMENTPROGRAMMETHEIMPORTANCECONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNISTHEIDEAOFTHEWHOLECONSTRUCTIONPROCESSOFENGINEERINGCONSTRUCTIONPROJECTIDEASANDSPECIFICARRANGEMENTS,ORGANIZATIONANDMANAGEMENTOFCONSTRUCTIONWORKISTHEHEARTANDSOULITSAIMISTOENABLEHIGHSPEED,HIGHQUALITY,EFFICIENCYENGINEERINGBESTRESULTSWHENWORKINGINCONSTRUCTIONASAWHOLE1BECAUSEOFTHEIMPORTANCEOFPREPARATIONOFCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNARCHITECTURALENGINEERINGANDCONSTRUCTIONWITHAFIXEDANDLIQUIDITY,DIVERSITYANDONEPIECE,FORMALARGEANDLONGCONSTRUCTIONPERIODTHETHREECHARACTERISTICSTHEREFORE,EACHCONSTRUCTIONENGINEERINGCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNOFCONSTRUCTIONMUSTBECARRIEDOUTTHISISBECAUSEOTHERGENERALINDUSTRIALPRODUCTSHAVETHEIROWNFIXED,LONGTERMAPPLICATIONFACTORIESBUILDINGCONSTRUCTIONISCHARACTERIZEDBYMOBILITY,IMPOSSIBLETOBUILDSUCHAPLANT,ONLYWHENEACHOFTHECONSTRUCTION,ANDESTABLISHINGANAPPROPRIATE,PROVISIONAL,ASFACTORYCONSTRUCTIONSITEPREPARATION,NAMELY,SITECONSTRUCTIONCHARACTERISTICSANDCONSTRUCTIONOFSINGLEPIECESOFMOBILITYFEATURES,DECIDEDTOSELECTAPPROPRIATEEQUIPMENTFOREACHCONSTRUCTIONANDLABORORGANIZATIONSCONSTRUCTIONTECHNOLOGYOFCONSTRUCTIONMETHODOFSELECTING,DEVELOPINGPROGRAMMESANDLABOURORGANIZATIONSANDEQUIPMENTCONFIGURATION,COLLECTIVELYKNOWNASOPERATIONCAPACITYCONFIGURATIONCONSTRUCTIONCYCLEFEATURESDETERMINESTHELABOURSUPPLYOFMANYMATERIAL,EQUIPMENTANDTECHNOLOGYISALONGTIME,WHICHRAISESTHETOTALPROGRESSPLANOFCONSTRUCTIONMATERIALTHATISAPPROPRIATEFORTHECONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNOFTECHNOLOGYCONTENTITCANBESEENTHATISOFCONSIDERABLEIMPORTANCEINCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNINPROJECTMANAGEMENT2IMPORTANCEOFCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNCONSTRUCTIONPRODUCTSASACOMMODITYANDENGINEERINGQUALITYINPROJECTMANAGEMENTPLAYSAVITALROLEINTHEENTIRECONSTRUCTIONPROCESSCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNANDENGINEERINGCOSTOFCONSTRUCTIONPROJECTSHASACLOSERELATIONSHIPCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNOFBASICCONTENTPROJECTOVERVIEWANDANALYSISOFCONSTRUCTIONCONDITIONS,IMPLEMENTATIONPLAN,CONSTRUCTIONTECHNOLOGY,CONSTRUCTIONPROGRESSPLANANDGENERALPLANOFCONSTRUCTIONFURTHERECONOMICANALYSISANDCONSTRUCTIONPREPARATIONPLANS,SCHEMEANDCONSTRUCTIONTECHNOLOGYINCONSTRUCTIONOFMOREIMPORTANT,SUCHASLEVELSOFSELECTION,SELECTIONOFTRANSPORTMETHODOFCONSTRUCTIONMACHINERY,EARTHMOVINGCONSTRUCTIONMETHODANDCONSTRUCTIONMETHODANDCONSTRUCTIONTECHNOLOGYOFMAINSTRUCTUREOFCHOICEANDSOON,AREDIRECTLYAFFECTINGTHEESTIMATEDPROJECTPRICECHANGESINENSURINGPROJECTQUALITYANDMEETTHEOWNERSSUBJECTTOTHEREQUIREMENTSANDDURATIONREQUIREMENTS,OPTIMIZINGCONSTRUCTIONSCHEMEANDCONSTRUCTIONTECHNOLOGYAREIMPORTANTMEASURESTOCONTROLINVESTMENTANDREDUCEPROJECTCOSTANDMEANS21CONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONSCHEMEISTOALARGEEXTENTAFFECTPROJECTQUALITY,REASONABLECONSTRUCTIONPROGRAMMEISNOTONLYTOENSURETHATTHEBASISFORSUCCESSFULCOMPLETIONOFTHECONSTRUCTION,SAFETYBASISCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNISANIMPORTANTPARTOFCONSTRUCTIONDESIGNDOCUMENTS,ISTHEMAINBASISFORPREPARATIONOFTHEPROJECTINVESTMENTBUDGETANDPREPARATIONOFTENDERDOCUMENTS,THEMAINFRAMEOFREFERENCETHEREFORE,GOODJOBINCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGN,CORRECTLYDETERMINEPROJECTCOST,REDUCEENGINEERINGINVESTMENT,THUSENABLINGTOCONTROLPROJECTCOSTWOULDHAVEAVERYIMPORTANTROLE22CONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONPLANOFCONSTRUCTIONACTIVITIESISANIMPORTANTMEANSOFIMPLEMENTINGSCIENTIFICMANAGEMENT,ITHASTHEDUALROLEOFSTRATEGICDEPLOYMENTANDTACTICALARRANGEMENTSITREFLECTSTHEREQUIREMENTSOFIMPLEMENTINGTHECAPITALMASTERPLANANDDESIGNPROVIDESALLPHASESOFCONSTRUCTIONPREPARATION,COORDINATIONOFCONSTRUCTIONDURINGTHECONSTRUCTIONPROJECTTHECONSTRUCTIONTRADE,THERELATIONSHIPBETWEENVOLUNTARYCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONSCHEMEMUSTBEACCORDINGTOTHEPRODUCTSCHARACTERISTICSANDREQUIREMENTS,BASEDONEXISTINGANDPOSSIBLESECURINGCONSTRUCTIONCONDITIONS,REALISTIC,DETERMINEHOWTHEBASICCOMBINATIONOFVARIOUSFACTORSOFPRODUCTION,DOESNOTSOLVEPROBLEMS,ITISIMPOSSIBLEFORANYPRODUCTION3CONSTRUCTIONDESIGNCALCULATIONANDANALYSISOFINDICATORSCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNSHOULDBETOESTABLISHWHICHINDICATORSARENOTUNIFIED,CALCULATIONORSPECIFICATIONBECAUSEITISTHEEVALUATIONOFCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNOFTHEOVERALLASSESSMENTOFTHEEFFECTIVENESSANDTHESTATUSOFIMPLEMENTATION,ASWELLASPROJECTCONSTRUCTIONUNITSPROJECTPRODUCTIONANDMANAGEMENTLEVELSANDTOTESTTHEEFFECTIVENESSOFTHEBASISMUSTBEGIVENTO,ANDMADETHEFOLLOWINGCOMMENTS31INDEXSYSTEMSETSASFARASPOSSIBLEREFLECTTHECONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNOFINDEXSYSTEMOFTHETARGETLEVELOF,ANDTOFACILITATETHEEVALUATION,EXAMINATION,IMPLEMENTATION32INDEXCALCULATION1CONSTRUCTIONPREPARATIONPHASESTARTINGFROMSITEPREPARATIONTOTHEOFFICIALPROJECTFORALLTIME2PROJECTDURATIONARRANGEDBYUNITENGINEERINGCONSTRUCTIONPROGRESSPLANOFCONSTRUCTION3LABOURIMBALANCECOEFFICIENTDURINGPEAKANDTHEAVERAGERATIOOFTHENUMBEROF4REDUCETHECOSTAMOUNTTECHNICALMEASURESTOREDUCETHECOSTOFRESULTS5REDUCETHECOSTRATECOSTREDUCTIONPERCENTAGEOFTOTALCONTRACTCOSTS6CONSTRUCTIONMECHANIZATIONMECHANICALCONSTRUCTIONCOMPLETEDPRODUCTIONANDENGINEERINGCONTRACTCOSTRATIO7THELEVELOFINDUSTRIALCONSTRUCTIONPRECASTFACTORYSANDEXCAVATION,QUARRIESCOMPLETEDPRODUCTIONANDENGINEERINGCONTRACTCOSTRATIO8THEINVESTMENTPROPORTIONOFTEMPORARYWORKSALLTEMPORARYWORKSINVESTMENTANDENGINEERINGCONTRACTSCOSTRATIO9COSTOFTEMPORARYWORKSALLTEMPORARYWORKSCOSTRECOVERYFEESANDCONTRACTCOSTREDUCTIONRATIO33INDICATORANALYSISCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNOFINDICATORSASCOMPAREDTOSIMILARPROJECTSHISTORICALACTUALLEVELS,CANASSESSTHEIMPACTCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNDIFFERENTINDICATORSOFCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNINCONTRASTTOOPTIMUMPROGRAMMEANALYSISOFTHEWEIGHTEDNUMERICALINDICATOROFPREVIOUSSIMILARPROJECTSCOULDSERVEASAREFERENCEFORFUTUREBIDDINGAGAIN4MANAGEMENTOFCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNWITHTHEESTABLISHMENTOFTHESOCIALISTMARKETECONOMY,BUILDINGINCREASINGLYFIERCEMARKETCOMPETITION,OBJECTIVECONDITIONSONTHECONSTRUCTIONENTERPRISEREQUIREMENTSGETTINGHIGHERANDHIGHERNOTONLYINTERMSOFTECHNICALEQUIPMENT,QUALITYOFPERSONNEL,ORGANIZEROFCONSTRUCTIONPUTFORWARDHIGHERREQUIREMENTS,BUTALSOINENGINEERINGECONOMICSANDMANAGEMENTWORKENGINEERINGBUDGETANDSETTLEMENTALSOFACESNEWCHALLENGESSTRICTCONSTRUCTIONMARKETSITUATION,SOMECONSTRUCTIONCOMPANIESDONOTHAVEAPOSITIVERESPONSE,HADNOUPDATEONSTAFFEXPERTISEANDTRAININGSCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYMANAGEMENTLEVELQUITEBACKWARDANDFORTHEPREPARATIONOFCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNOFAUDITDIDNOTATTRACTENOUGHATTENTIONTHEREFORE,THEREWILLBESEVERALCOMMONSCENARIOS41BEFORECOMMENCEMENTOFCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNOFAUDITINGHASNOTBEENPREPAREDNOTTOENGAGEINTHECONSTRUCTIONOFFLOORPLANS,MATERIALSOFRUBBLELYINGAROUNDEARTHWORKOUTOFTRANSPORT,MACHINERYANDEQUIPMENT,QUALITYOFLABORDEMANDPLANNING,ENGINEERING,CONSTRUCTIONWITHOUTGUARANTEESOFSECURITYCAUSEDTHESERIOUSWASTEOFIDLING,LOWERLEVELSOFMANAGEMENT42ISTHEPROFESSIONALPREPARATIONOFCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNTOCOPEWITHHIGHERAUTHORITIESANDSUPERVISIONUNITS,THECUSTOMERSHALLCHECKANDCONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNFORINFORMATIONORADDENDUMBECAUSETHEINFORMATIONSIMPLYDONTKNOWABOUTNOW,CONSTRUCTIONMANAGEMENTANDLEADERSHIPHASRECENTLYARRANGED,HADTOMAKEUPINDISCRIMINATELYTODEALWITH43LOWLEVELSOFCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNPREPARATIONSOMECONSTRUCTIONUNITS,DONOTUNDERSTANDTHEIMPORTANCEOFCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONINTHECONSTRUCTIONPROCESS,WRITEABOUTTHECONSTRUCTIONPROCESS,DRAWAFLOORPLAN,PROJECTSCHEDULE,ISCONSIDEREDTOBECONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONPLAN44ABANDONEDTECHNOLOGYECONOMYACONSIDERABLENUMBEROFUNITSATTHETIMEOFPREPARATIONOFCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNINCONSTRUCTIONENTERPRISEONLYIMPORTANCETOTHECONSTRUCTIONOFTHEPROJECTOFTECHNICALMEASURESCONTENTDOESNOTTAKEINTOACCOUNTECONOMICINDICATORS,LEADINGTOPROJECTSCOMPLETIONSETTLEMENTOFDISPUTESCONTINUE,CAUSINGECONOMICLOSSESTHEREFORE,THEMANAGEMENTOFCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGN1THEINTRODUCTIONOFDYNAMICMANAGEMENTCONSTRUCTIONPROCESS,INEVITABLYWILLENCOUNTERUNEXPECTEDPROBLEMS,SUCHASIMPACT,NATURALFACTORSSUCHASDESIGNCHANGES,CHANGEFIELDPROGRAMMESOFEACHSTAGEOFTHECONSTRUCTIONPROCESSADJUSTMENTSMUSTTHEREFOREBEBASEDONDYNAMICMANAGEMENTOFENGINEERINGFIELD,NOTSUITABLEFORCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNSECTIONMUSTBEMODIFIED,SUPPLEMENTED,OPTIMIZATION,TOREACHTHEESTABLISHEDGOAL2IMPLEMENTATIONOFHIERARCHICALMANAGEMENTPROJECTLAWCONSTRUCTIONOFINTRODUCED,MANAGEMENTLAYERANDJOBLAYERSEPARATION,ANDFIXEDWORKERSGRADUALLYREDUCEDOFSITUATION,WILLLEADSTOTALCONTRACTANDPOINTSPACKAGEOFPHENOMENON,BIDUNITSFROMPASTOFDIRECTLYMANAGEMENT,ANDDIRECTLYTECHNOLOGYLOWDOWN,BECOMESINDIRECTMANAGEMENT,ANDINDIRECTTECHNOLOGYLOWDOWN,THEREFORESHOULDACCORDINGTOCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNFORTIEREDMANAGEMENT,CLEARTOTALPACKAGEANDPOINTSPACKAGEUNITS,ANDMANAGEMENTLAYERANDJOBLAYEROFTECHNOLOGYPERMISSION,ANDDUTIESANDWORKPROGRAM5CLOSINGREMARKSINTHECONSTRUCTIONOFTHEPROJECT,BESURETOOVERSIGHTANDCONTROLOFTHECONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNTOENSUREPROJECTCONSTRUCTIONINORDERTOPREVENTCONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNOFFORMALITYPROGRESSOFTHECONSTRUCTIONORGANIZATIONDESIGNOFPROJECTQUALITY,SECURITY,STRONGMEASURESOFPROTECTIONINCONDITIONSOFCONSIDERABLERESOURCESTOACHIEVEECONOMICBENEFITOFTHEPROJECTANDACHIEVETHEWINWINPURPOSECONSTRUCTIONANDECONOMICBENEFIT6WORKTOBEINACCORDANCEWITHCONTRACTUNLESSITISLEGALLYORPHYSICALLYIMPOSSIBLE,THECONTRACTORSHALLEXECUTEANDCOMPLETETHEWORKSANDREMEDYANYDEFECTSTHEREININSTRICTACCORDANCEWITHTHECONTRACTTOTHESATISFACTIONOFTHEENGINEERTHECONTRACTORSHALLCOMPLYWITHANDADHERESTRICTLYTOTHEENGINEERSINSTRUCTIONSONANYMATTER,WHETHERMENTIONEDINTHECONTRACTORNOT,TOUCHINGORCONCERNINGTHEWORKSTHECONTRACTORSHALLTAKEINSTRUCTIONSONLYFROMTHEENGINEEROR,SUBJECTTOTHEPROVISIONSOFCLAUSE2,FORMTHEENGINEERSREPRESENTATIVE7PROGRAMMETOBESUBMITTEDTHECONTRACTORSHALL,WITHINTHETIMESTATEDINPARTIIOFTHESECONDITIONSAFTERTHEDATEOFTHELETTEROFACCEPTANCE,SUBMITTOTHEENGINEERFORHISCONSENTAPROGRAMME,INSUCHFORMANDDETAILASTHEENGINEERSHALLREASONABLYPRESCRIBE,FORTHEEXECUTIONOFTHEWORKSTHECONTRACTORSHALL,WHENEVERREQUIREDBYTHEENGINEER,ALSOPROVIDEINWRITINGFORHISINFORMATIONAGENERALDESCRIPTIONOFTHEARRANGEMENTSANDMETHODSWHICHTHECONTRACTORPROPOSESTOADOPTFORTHEEXECUTIONOFTHEWORKS8REVISEDPROGRAMMEIFATANYTIMEITSHOULDAPPEARTOTHEENGINEERTHATTHEACTUALPROGRESSOFTHEWORKSDOESNOTCONFORMTOTHEPROGRAMMETOWHICHCONSENTHASBEENGIVENUNDERSUBCLAUSE141,THECONTRACTORSHALLPRODUCE,ATTHEREQUESTOFTHEENGINEER,AREVISEDPROGRAMMESHOWINGTHEMODIFICATIONSTOSUCHPROGRAMMENECESSARYTOENSURECOMPLETIONOFTHEWORKSWITHINTHETIMEFORCOMPLETION9CASHFLOWESTIMATETOBESUBMITTEDTHECONTRACTORSHALL,WITHINTHETIMESTATEDINPARTIIOFTHESECONDITIONSAFTERTHEDATEOFTHELETTEROFACCEPTANCE,PROVIDETOTHEENGINEERFORHISINFORMATIONADETAILEDCASHFLOWESTIMATE,INQUARTERLYPERIODS,OFALLPAYMENTSTOWHICHTHECONTRACTORWILLBEENTITLEDUNDERTHECONTRACTANDTHECONTRACTORSHALLSUBSEQUENTLYSUPPLYREVISEDCASHFLOWESTIMATESATQUARTERLYINTERVALS,IFREQUIREDTODOSOBYTHEENGINEER10CONTRACTORNOTRELIEVEDOFDUTIESORRESPONSIBILITIESTHESUBMISSIONTOANDCONSENTBYTHEENGINEEROFSUCHPROGRAMMESORTHEPROVISIONOFSUCHGENERALDESCRIPTIONSORCASHFLOWESTIMATESSHALLNOTRELIEVETHECONTRACTOROFANYOFHISDUTIESORRESPONSIBILITIESUNDERTHECONTRACT施工组织设计的重要性摘要建筑工程在施工过程中，施工组织方案的优劣不仅直接影响工程的质量，对工期及施工过程中的人员安全也有重要影响。施工组织是项目建设和指导工程施工的重要技术经济文件。能调节施工中人员、机器、原料、环境、工艺、设备、土建、安装、管理、生产等矛盾,要对施工组织设计进行监督和控制,才能科学合理的保证工程项目高质量、低成本、少耗能的完成。关键词项目管理施工组织方案重要性施工组织设计就是对工程建设项目整个施工过程的构思设想和具体安排，是施工组织管理工作的核心和灵魂。其目的是使工程速度快、质量好、效益高。使整个工程在施工中获得相对的最优效果。1编制施工组织设计重要性的原因建筑工程及其施工具有固定性与流动性、多样性与单件性、形体庞大与施工周期长这三对特点。所以，每一建筑工程的施工都必须进行施工组织设计。这是因为其它一般工业产品的生产都有着自己固定的、长期适用的工厂。而建筑施工具有流动性的特点，不可能建立这样的工厂，只能是当每一个建筑工程施工时，建立一个相应的、临时性的，如同工厂作用性质的施工现场准备，即工地。施工单件性特点与施工流动性特点，决定了每一建筑工程施工都要选择相应的机具和劳动力组织。选择施工方法、拟定施工技术方案及其劳动力组织和机具配置，统称为施工作业能力配置。施工周期的特点，决定了各种劳动力、机具和众多材料物资技术的供应时间也比较长，这就产生了与施工总进度计划相适应的物资技术的施工组织设计内容。由此可见，施工组织设计在项目管理中是相当重要的。2施工组织设计方案的重要性建筑产品作为一种商品，在项目管理中工程质量在整个施工过程中起着极其重要的作用。工程建设项目的施工组织设计与其工程造价有着密切的关系。施工组织设计基本的内容有工程概况和施工条件的分析、施工方案、施工工艺、施工进度计划、施工总平面图。还有经济分析和施工准备工作计划。其中,施工方案及施工工艺的确定更为重要,如施工机械的选择、水平运输方法的选择、土方的施工方法及主体结构的施工方法和施工工艺的选择等等,均直接影响着工程预算价格的变化。在保证工程质量和满足业主使用要求及工期要求的前提下,优化施工方案及施工工艺是控制投资和降低工程项目造价的重要措施和手段。21施工组织方案在很大程度上影响着工程质量，因此合理的施工组织方案不仅是确保工程顺利完成的基础，也是工程安全的依据。施工组织设计是建筑工程设计文件的重要组成部分，是编制工程投资概预算的主要依据和编制招投标文件的主要参考依据。因此，认真做好施工组织设计，对于正确确定工程造价、降低工程投资，从而有利控制工程造价将有十分重要的作用。22施工组织方案是对施工活动实行科学管理的重要手段，它具有战略部署和战术安排的双重作用。它体现了实现基本建设计划和设计的要求，提供了各阶段的施工准备工作内容，协调施工过程中各施工工区，各施工工种，各项自愿之间的相互关系。施工组织方案必须能够根据工程产品的特点和要求，根据现有的和可能争取到的施工条件，从实际出发，决定各种生产要素的基本结合方式，不切实解决问题，就不可能进行任何生产。3施工组织设计的指标计算和分析目前施工组织设计应建立哪些指标还不统一，计算方法也不规范。由于它是评价施工组织设计整体效果和评价执行状况的尺度，也是对承建工程施工的单位项目部生产经营管理水平和效果进行考核的依据。应予重视，提出如下意见。31指标体系。指标体系的设置要尽量反映施工组织设计目标达到的水平，为评价、考核、执行提供方便。32指标计算。1施工准备期。从现场准备开始到正式工程开工的全部时间。2单位工程工期。由单位工程施工进度计划安排的施工期。3劳动力不均衡系数。施工期高峰人数与平均人数之比。4降低成本额。技术组织措施降低成本的价格成果。5降低成本率。降低成本额占承包成本的百分比。6施工机械化程度。机械施工完成产值与工程承包造价之比。7工厂化施工程度。预制厂采砂场、采石场完成的产值与工程承包造价之比。8临时工程投资比例。全部临时工程投资与工程承包造价之比。9临时工程费用比例。全部临时工程消耗费用减回收费与工程承包造价之比。33指标分析。施工组织设计指标与同类工程历史实际水平相比，可以评价施工组织设计效果；不同施工组织设计方案的指标对比，可以优选方案；分析以往历次同类工程的各项指标的加权数值，可以作为今后再次投标的参考依据。4施工组织设计的管理随着社会主义市场经济的建立,建筑市场的竞争日趋激烈,客观形势对施工企业的要求越来越高。不仅在技术装备、人员素质、施工组织者方面提出较高的要求，而且工程经济