外文翻译--润滑油提纯方法与真空高效净油机设计.doc

重庆理工大学毕业设计（论文）英文翻译题目真空加热式高效净油机设计二级学院机械工程学院指导教师系主任时间2012年2月25日2013年6月14日Purificationofdesignmethodandvacuumpurifyingoilenginelubricatingoil1.ForewordTurbineoil(oil)onturbinegeneratorismainlyusedforlubricationandcoolingspeed,etc.,forthesteamturbineunitlong-termoperation,duetohighpressuresteamseal,motorshaftsealandotherseriouswear,bandgaporsteampressureregulatingimproper,causeonphenomena,andoilcoolerleakage,resultinginseriouswaterturbineoiloily,appearmurkyoremulsifiedoil,acceleratedaging,toproducesoaps,colloidandorganicandinorganicacid,reducethestabilityandlubricatingoil.Atthesametime,waterandadditiveeffectofoilcouldpromotethedecomposition,causeequipmentcorrosion.Ontheotherhand,becausethesystemexternalcontaminantsthroughshaftsealandvariousporetoenter,suchassand,dust,rust,carbonparticle,andinternalmetalwearparticles,oiloxidationproducts,willalsoreducetheoilviscosity,anti-foam,destructionofoilfilm,increasingfriction,wearofmechanicalequipment,andmaycausethespeedcontrolsystemblock,failure,causelocaloverheatingandevenstuffycar.Theformationofsludgepipelineemulsifiedoilmayalsodepositinthespeedcontrol,circulationsystem,theoperationofoil,cannotflowsmoothly,nolubrication,coolingspeed,goodeffect.Therefore,theturbineoilisgoodorbad,directlyaffectthesafeandeconomicoperationoftheunit.Transformeroilafterseveralyearsofoperation,duetovariousreasons,thequalitydeterioration,oiloxidation,colordepth,water,clay,freecarbon,acidvalue,viscosity,mechanicalimpuritieswillexceedthestandard,thepotentialdangeroftransformer.Processingmethodscommonlyusedare:poweroff,stop,changenewoil.However,therapideconomicdevelopmentandenergyisveryscarceinChina,anewoilisobviouslynottheeconomy.Therefore,thisarticlewillexploretheoilprocessingmethod,andintroducesahighefficiencyoilmachineapparatusandprocess.2.LubricatingoilprocessingmethodCurrentlytheoilregenerationpurificationmethodthereare7ways2.1GravitysettlingbarriermethodThismethodisprimarilyusedtoremovelargeproportion,largerparticlesofimpuritiesinoil,aswellaswaterintakeisveryseriousinmakingcoarsepurification,purificationmeasuresmustbecomplementedwithotherpurificationmethods.2.2PressurefiltrationmethodTheAct,alsoknownasmechanicalfiltration.Traditionalplate-and-frametypefilter,whichusesoilpumppressurepressuredifferenceofformationonbothsidesoffilterpaper,whenwasteoilthroughfilterpaper,impuritiesandwaterfilter.Butinefficientoperations,useddosageinbigtrouble.Highcostbreakdownvoltageincreaseislessobvious.Dewateringcapacitydependsentirelyonthedegreeofdryfilterpaper,donotbakebeforethrowing,ordonotchangethefilterpaper.FilterpaperwillpromptlywiththebalanceofwaterintheoilState,thatisasaturation,evenwaterreleasetodiesel.2.3CentrifugalseparationmethodThismethoduseproportioninwasteoil,waterimpuritiesindifferent.Underthecentrifugalforceproducedbythehighspeedrotationoftheoil-waterseparation,topurifythepurposeofimpurity.Thismethodisnothigh,therequirementsofwaterheavywasteturbineoil,hydraulicoil,lubricatingoilcanbeusedasapretreatment,highefficiency.Butitcannotremovedissolvedwaterpurification,andlesspressurefilter.Onlythecentrifugeisusedasacoarsefilterdevice.2.4VacuumseparationmethodItmakesuseofoilandwaterboilingpointdifferenceexists,sothattheoilatomizationorformoilfilminvacuumandundercertaintemperature,themoistureevaporation,removalofwaterinoil,gas,andfilteroutimpurities.Theperformance,efficiencyofvacuumoilpurifier,becausethestructureofmany,eacharenotidentical.Highefficiencyequipmenttoanewgenerationofvolume,powerconsumptionisverysmallisgraduallyreplacingthetraditionalvacuumoilpurifier.2.5CondensationpurificationmethodItmakesuseofwasteoilflowingthroughthehighpressure(1040kV)DCelectricfield,polarmoleculessuchaswater,oil,acidcomponents,sludge,sizeionpolaritymaterialwillbecharged,polarandincentive,thususingelectrostaticattractionelectrochemical,makingthemadsorptionandaggregation,offtheimpurities,andoilpureandisnoteasytoabsorb,undertheactionoftheoilpressurecanbeforcedthroughtheelectricfield,sothatthepurposeofthepresentmethodbutisrarelyapplied,thepurificationefficiencyislow,highfailurerate,repairdifficulties.2.6ElectrostaticseparationmethodItusestheoilflowingtothehighvoltage(1040kV)DCelectricfield,polarmoleculessuchaswater,oil,acidcomponents,sludge,sizeionpolaritymaterialwillbecharged,polarandincentive,thususingelectrostaticattractionelectrochemical,makingthemadsorptionandaggregation,offtheimpurities,andoilpureandisnoteasytoabsorb,undertheactionoftheoilpressurecanbeforcedthroughtheelectricfield,sothatthepurposeofthepresentmethodbutisrarelyapplied,thepurificationefficiencyislow,highfailurerate,repairdifficulties.2.7PurificationandregenerationmethodRegenerationmethodofpurificationandregenerationofadsorbentsandchemicallaw,medialaw,includingcontactandpercolationmethod.Adsorbentoftraditionalmethoduseofactivatedwhiteclay,withlargeractivesurfaceadsorptionmaterialssuchassilicagel,acidcomponentofwasteoils,resins,asphaltenes,unsaturatedhydrocarbonsandwater,thereisastrongcharacteristicofadsorptioncapacity,makeadsorbentfullcontactwiththewasteoiltoremoveharmfulsubstances.Contactmediamixwiththeoil,willberestrictedfromoilregenerationprocesswithinequipment.Infiltrationlawwasforcedthroughoilfittedwithgranularadsorbents(suchassilicagel,particulateclay,alumina,andsoon)doesnotrequiremixing,alsochargedhandlingofelectricalequipment.Chemicalregenerationprocess,firstwithsulfuricacidandoxidationproductsinthewasteoilsgeneratedacidresidue,andthencontactClaymixingprocess,orbyusinglye(sodiumhydroxidestandardsolution)andacidicacidityofoilsintheingredients.Generatedsaltssolubleinthecausticsludgeformedinalkalinesolution.Lyeremoval,remainingalittlesaltwaterwashedortreatedwithawhitesoilcontact.Regenerationtreatmentsuitableformoreseriousdeteriorationofoil,butoilcontainingmorewaterandimpurities,itshoulddehydrate,impuritiesbeforeregeneration,regenerationafterthestrictapplicationofpressurizedoiltothefilter,preventsorbentparticlesarebroughtintothepowerdevice.Inaddition,regenerationalsocanbeausefulcomponentinoiltogetridof,sotheregenerationiscompletedshouldrejointheantioxidantT501.Foroildegradationofmoreserious,onlyachemicalregenerationmethods,buthugechemicalregenerationequipment,complex,intensive,workefficiency,longlifecycle,theenergyconsumptionishigh.Obvious.Dewateringcapacitydependsentirelyonthedegreeofdryfilterpaper,donotbakebeforethrowing,ordonotchangethefilterpaper.FilterpaperwillpromptlywiththebalanceofwaterintheoilState,thatisasaturation,evenwaterrelease