单片机 plc 外文翻译 外文文献 英文文献 plc在回旋加速器控制上的应用

附件3外文文献原文PLCAPPLICATIONINTHECONTROLOFCIAE30CYCLOTRON1OVERVIEWAPLCCONSISTSOFACENTRALPROCESSINGUNITCPUCONTAININGANAPPLICATIONPROGRAMANDINPUTANDOUTPUTINTERFACEMODULES,WHICHISDIRECTLYCONNECTEDTOTHEFIELDI/ODEVICESTHEPROGRAMCONTROLSTHEPLCSOTHATWHENANINPUTSIGNALFROMANINPUTDEVICETURNSON,THEAPPROPRIATERESPONSEISMADETHERESPONSENORMALLYINVOLVESTURNINGONANOUTPUTSIGNALTOSOMESORTOFOUTPUTDEVICESINANAUTOMATEDSYSTEM,THEPLCISCOMMONLYREGARDEDASTHEHEARTOFTHECONTROLSYSTEMWITHACONTROLAPPLICATIONPROGRAMSTOREDWITHINTHEPLCMEMORYINEXECUTION,THEPLCCONSTANTLYMONITORSTHESTATEOFTHESYSTEMTHROUGHTHEFIELDINPUTDEVICESFEEDBACKSIGNALITWILLTHENBASEDONTHEPROGRAMLOGICTODETERMINETHECOURSEOFACTIONTOBECARRIEDOUTATTHEFIELDOUTPUTDEVICESTHEPLCMAYBEUSEDTOCONTROLASIMPLEANDREPETITIVETASK,ORAFEWOFTHEMMAYBEINTERCONNECTEDTOGETHERWITHOTHERHOSTCONTROLLERSORHOSTCOMPUTERTHROUGHASORTOFCOMMUNICATIONNETWORK,INORDERTOINTEGRATETHECONTROLOFACOMPLEXPROCESSINGENERAL,ACONTROLSYSTEMISACOLLECTIONOFELECTRONICDEVICESANDEQUIPMENTWHICHAREINPLACETOENSURETHESTABILITY,ACCURACYANDSMOOTHTRANSITIONOFAPROCESSORAMANUFACTURINGACTIVITYITTAKESANYFORMANDVARIESINSCALEOFIMPLEMENTATION,FROMAPOWERPLANTTOASEMICONDUCTORMACHINEASARESULTOFRAPIDADVANCEMENTOFTECHNOLOGY,COMPLICATEDCONTROLTASKSACCOMPLISHEDWITHAHIGHLYAUTOMATEDCONTROLSYSTEM,WHICHMAYBEINTHEFIELDDEVICES（SUCHASOPERATORPANEL,MOTORS,SENSORS,SWITCHES,SOLENOIDVALVESANDETC）,CAPABILITIESINNETWORKCOMMUNICATIONENABLEABIGSCALEIMPLEMENTATIONANDPROCESSCOORDINATIONBESIDESPROVIDINGGREATERFLEXIBILITYINREALIZINGDISTRIBUTEDCONTROLSYSTEMEVERYSINGLECOMPONENTINACONTROLSYSTEMPLAYSANIMPORTANTROLEREGARDLESSOFSIZEATYPICALPLCCONTROLSYSTEMCONSISTSOFTHEHARDWARE,SOFTWAREANDNETWORKCOMPONENTS,TOGETHERWITHTHECONTROLLEDFUNCTIONSANDASSOCIATEDDOCUMENTATIONTHEPLCHARDWARECANINCLUDEARACK,POWERSUPPLY,CPU,NETWORKINTERFACECARD,DIGITALORANALOGI/OCARDS,ANDOTHERSPECIALPURPOSECARDSSUCHASHIGHSPEEDCOUNTER,MOTIONCONTROL,PULSEINPUTANDOTHERSTHESOFTWAREPORTIONOFAPLCCONTROLSYSTEMINVOLVESFIRMWAREWHICHISTHEOPERATINGSYSTEMINTHEPLCWORLD,ANDPROGRAMMINGSOFTWARETOOLSANDAPPLICATIONSOFTWAREUSUALLYDEVELOPEDBYASYSTEMINTEGRATORASEIDELECTRONICSFORADEDICATEDPROCESSCONTROLDEPENDINGONTHESIZEOFTARGETPROCESSANDTHEOPERATIONALREQUIREMENTS,THESTRUCTURESOFPLCCONTROLSYSTEMCANVARYMOREOFTEN,ASUPERVISORYCONTROLANDDATAACQUISITIONSYSTEMISAPPLIED,THISISTHEHMISUCHSYSTEMCONSISTSOFAPLCBASEDCONTROLONTHEPLANTLEVEL,GRAPHICSCREENINTERFACEONTHEOPERATIONLEVEL,ANDPROCESSINGSERVERONTHEMANAGEMENTLEVEL2PLCAPPLICATIONPLCCONTROLLEDMINICYCLOTRONCIAE30COMPACTCYCLOTRONISANEWKINDOFACCELERATORDEDICATEDTOMEDICALRADIOISOTOPEPRODUCTIONITSMAINFEATURESARECOMPACTSTRUCTURE,LOWPOWERCONSUMPTION,HIGHBEAMINTENSITYANDEASYCHANGEOFENERGYITCONSISTSOFCOMPLEXEQUIPMENT,EGEXTERNALIONSOURCE,MAGNET,RFGENERATOR,STRIPPER,VACUUM,WATERCOOLING,PNEUMATICACTIVATOR,TRANSPORTATIONLINE,BEAMDIAGNOSTICS,TARGETRYANDVARIOUSPOWERSUPPLIESTHEWHOLEPRODUCTIONPROCESSINCLUDESHBEAMPRODUCTION,ACCELERATION,ELECTRONSTRIPPING,EXTRACTION,FOCUSING,TRANSPORTATION,TARGETCONTROL,RADIOISOTOPEANALYSESANDSAMPLINGFIG1SHOWSTHEMAINBODYOFCIAE30CYCLOTRONTHECONTROLHARDWARECONSISTSOFTWOPARTSPLCMODULESANDOPERATIONCONSOLEPLCMODULESINCLUDETHREECPUS922R,ONECOORDINATOR923C,ANUMBEROFANALOGANDLOGICALI/OS,ONECOMMUNICATIONPROCESSORCP527,ONEINTELLIGENTPROCESSORIP241,SPECIALBUSANDINTERNALSUPPLIESOPERATIONCONSOLEINCLUDESAKEYBOARD,ALARGEHIGHRESOLUTIONCOLOURMONITOR,TWOENCODERS,BEAMDIAGNOSISANDAPRINTERPLCCOMMUNICATESWITHTHECYCLOTRONEQUIPMENTTHROUGHTHELOGICALANDANALOGI/OS,WHICHTRANSLATEORDERSTOANDRECEIVESTATUSMESSAGESFROMALLTHEDIFFERENTDEVICESTHEPLCCOMMUNICATESWITHTHECONSOLETHROUGHTHECOMMUNICATIONANDINTELLIGENTINTERFACES,WHICHRECEIVEOPERATORINSTRUCTIONSANDTRANSMITTHEPROCESSEDSTATUSSIGNALSTOBEDISPLAYEDONTHESCREENORPRINTEDONFIG1PLCCOMMUNICATESWITHTHECYCLOTRONEQUIPMENTTHROUGHTHELOGICALANDANALOGI/OS,WHICHTRANSLATEORDERSTOANDRECEIVESTATUSMESSAGESFROMALLTHEDIFFERENTDEVICESTHEPLCCOMMUNICATESWITHTHECONSOLETHROUGHTHECOMMUNICATIONANDINTELLIGENTINTERFACES,WHICHRECEIVEOPERATORINSTRUCTIONSANDTRANSMITTHEPROCESSEDSTATUSSIGNALSTOBEDISPLAYEDONTHESCREENORPRINTEDONPAPERALLANALOGPARAMETERSOFTHECYCLOTRONCANBEADJUSTEDUSINGTHETWOENCODERSTHECYCLOTRONSTATUSCANBECLEARLYGRAPHICALLYDISPLAYEDONTHEMONITORSCREENTHESESCREENSARECALLEDPAGESEVERYPAGENOTONLYDISPLAYSTHEKEYPARTSOFTHEDIFFERENTSYSTEMS,BUTALSOGIVESTHEREALTIMEDYNAMICMESSAGESBYCHANGINGCOLOURORPOSITIONSDIFFERENTPAGESALSOASSIGNDIFFERENTMEANINGSTOTHEFUNCTIONKEYS,ACCORDINGWHICHTHEOPERATORCANCHOOSEAPPROPRIATEINSTRUCTIONSTOTHEPLCFIG3SHOWSTHEPAGESTRUCTUREOFTHEOPERATIONSYNOPSISTWOENCODERSCANBEASSIGNEDTOANYOFTHEANALOGPARAMETERSFORTUNINGATANYTIMETHESEPARAMETERSDIRECTLYDETERMINETHECYCLOTRONSPECIFICATIONS,EGBEAMENERGY,INTENSITY,EXTRACTIONEFFICIENCYANDRATIOOFTHEBEAMDISTRIBUTIONAMONGDIFFERENTTARGETSDIFFERENTSETOFPARAMETERSCANBESTOREDINTOTHEPLCLIBRARY,WHICHISABLETOCONTAINUPTO50SETSANDANYOFTHEMCANCALLEDINTOOPERATIONWHENNECESSARY,THATSIGNIFICANTLYSAVESMACHINETUNINGTIMEANDIMPROVESOPERATIONEFFICIENCYTHEPLCCANOPERATEINTWOMODESFULLAUTOMATIONORHALFAUTOMATIONINTHEMODEOFFULLAUTOMATION,THECYCLOTRONCANAUTOMATICALLYSTARTUPBYPUSHINGONEFUNCTIONKEYINTHEMODEOFHALFAUTOMATION,THEPLCDIVIDESTHEWHOLESEQUENCEINTODIFFERENTSECTIONSATENDOFEVERYSECTION,OPERATORINTERVENTIONSAREREQUIREDBUT,THEOPERATIONSEQUENCEANDSAFETYINTERLOCKAREALSOMANAGEDBYTHEPLCTHECIAE30CYCLOTRONANDITSPLCCONTROLSYSTEMHAVEBEENCOMMISSIONEDSINCE1995MORETHANTWOYEARSOFOPERATIONPRACTICEHASPROVEDTHATPLCAPPLICATIONINTHECONTROLOFCYCLOTRONISUSERFRIENDLY,FLEXIBLEANDRELIABLE附件2外文文献译文PLC在回旋加速器控制上的应用1概述可编程控制器是由里面包含有应用程序的一个中央处理单元（CPU），输入接口模块和输出接口模块，然后将它们直接连接到现场输入输出设备中。当一个开的输入信号从输入设备发出，那么中央处理单元内的程序将控制PLC作出适当的反应。这个适当的反应通常是将一个开的信号传到一些输出设备上。在一个自动化系统中，PLC通常视为控制系统的核心。随着应用程序（存储在PLC内存）的执行，PLC不断监控那些设备反馈回来的信号，以便程序的调整。然后它根据储存在PLC内存中的程序，用来确定下一步应进行什么操作，然后通过输出端输出到设备中。PLC可用于一个控制简单且需要重复操作的任务，或其他有些是通过通信网络与其他类型的主控制器或主机电脑相互联系在一起的任务，这样可以方便的控制一个复杂任务。在一般情况下,控制系统是一种确保电子装置和设备稳定运行，准确，平稳和顺利工作的集成。它采取不同形式用来执行不同规模的任务。由于科学技术的迅速进步，高度自动化控制系统已经可以完成复杂的控制任务，他们可以应用在不同的设备上（如如操作面板，电机，传感器，开关，电磁阀和现场设备等）。网络通信的应用除了使分布式控制系统能够实现更大的灵活性，也使其能够大规模实施和协调流程控制。每一个控制系统中的部分都扮演了重要角色，无论其占的比例有多大。一个典型的PLC控制系统包括硬件，软件和网络组件，连同控制功能及其有关程序。PLC的硬件可以包括机架，电源，CPU，网络接口，数字或模拟数字I/O接口，和其他特殊用途接口如高速计数器，运动控制，脉冲输入等。一个PLC控制系统的软件部分包括固件这种操作系统是在PLC内存内，编程软件工具和应用软件通常由系统集成商如EID电子发展的一个专业的过程控制程序。根据不同的目标控制过程中的规模和任务要求，PLC控制系统的结构可能有所不同。很多时候，一个监督控制和数据采集系统的应用，这就是人机界面。这种系统包括一个基于控制层面的PLC,工作层面的屏幕图形界面和处理服务器上的处理水平。2PLC应用PLC控制的小型回旋加速器小型回旋加速器，是一种致力于医疗放射同位素生产的新型加速器。其主要特点是结构紧凑，低功耗，高束流强度高和能量容易改变。它由复杂的设备组成，例如外部离子源，磁铁，发电机，汽塔，真空室，水冷室，激活气动的运输控制，线束诊断和各种电源。整个生产过程包括H射线的发射，加速，电子剥离，提取，集中，运输，目标控制，放射性同位素分析和取样。图1显示在原子能科学研究院主体30回旋加速器。控制小型回旋加速器硬件分为两部分PLC控制模块和操作控制台。见图2。PLC的模块包括3个CPU（922R），一个协调器（923C），一个I/O接口，一个通讯处理器（CP527）一个智