小学英语语法复习

小学英语语法复习小学英语语法复习要点1一、名词复数规则1一般情况下，直接加S，如BOOKBOOKS,BAGBAGS,CATCATS,BEDBEDS2以SXSHCH结尾，加ES，如BUSBUSES,BOXBOXES,BRUSHBRUSHES,WATCHWATCHES3以“辅音字母Y”结尾，变Y为I,再加ES，如FAMILYFAMILIES,STRAWBERRYSTRAWBERRIES4以“F或FE”结尾，变F或FE为V,再加ES，如KNIFEKNIVES5不规则名词复数MANMEN,WOMANWOMEN,POLICEMANPOLICEMEN,POLICEWOMANPOLICEWOMEN,MOUSEMICECHILDCHILDRENFOOTFEET,TOOTHTEETHFISHFISH,PEOPLEPEOPLE,CHINESECHINESE,JAPANESEJAPANESE二、一般现在时一般现在时基本用法介绍【NO1】一般现在时的功能1表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如THESKYISBLUE天空是蓝色的。2表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如IGETUPATSIXEVERYDAY我每天六点起床。3表示客观现实。如THEEARTHGOESAROUNDTHESUN地球绕着太阳转。一般现在时的构成1BE动词主语BEAM,IS,ARE其它。如IAMABOY我是一个男孩。2行为动词主语行为动词其它。如WESTUDYENGLISH我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数HE,SHE,IT时，要在动词后加“S“或“ES“。如MARYLIKESCHINESE玛丽喜欢汉语。一般现在时的变化1BE动词的变化。否定句主语BENOT其它。如HEISNOTAWORKER他不是工人。一般疑问句BE主语其它。如AREYOUASTUDENTYESIAM/NO,IMNOT特殊疑问句疑问词一般疑问句。如WHEREISMYBIKE2行为动词的变化。否定句主语DONTDOESNT动词原形其它。如IDONTLIKEBREAD当主语为第三人称单数时，要用DOESNT构成否定句。如HEDOESNTOFTENPLAY一般疑问句DODOES主语动词原形其它。如DOYOUOFTENPLAYFOOTBALLYES,IDO/NO,IDONT当主语为第三人称单数时，要用DOES构成一般疑问句。如DOESSHEGOTOWORKBYBIKEYES,SHEDOES/NO,SHEDOESNT特殊疑问句疑问词一般疑问句。如HOWDOESYOURFATHERGOTOWORK动词S的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加S，如COOKCOOKS,MILKMILKS2以SXSHCHO结尾，加ES，如GUESSGUESSES,WASHWASHES,WATCHWATCHES,GOGOES3以“辅音字母Y”结尾，变Y为I,再加ES，如STUDYSTUDIES小学英语语法复习要点2三、现在进行时1现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为BE动词ING3现在进行时的否定句在BE后加NOT。4现在进行时的一般疑问句把BE动词调到句首。5现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为疑问词不达意BE主语动词ING但疑问词当主语时其结构为疑问词不达意BE动词ING动词加ING的变化规则1一般情况下，直接加ING，如COOKCOOKING2以不发音的E结尾，去E加ING，如MAKEMAKING,TASTETASTING3如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ING，如RUNRUNNING,STOPSTOPPING四、将来时理论及练习一、概念表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语TOMORROW,NEXTDAYWEEK,MONTH,YEAR,SOON,THEDAYAFTERTOMORROW（后天）等。二、基本结构BEGOINGTODO；WILLDO三、否定句在BE动词（AM,IS,ARE）L后加NOT或情态动词WILL后加NOT成WONT。例如IMGOINGTOHAVEAPICNICTHISAFTERNOONIMNOTGOINGTOHAVEAPICNICTHISAFTERNOON四、一般疑问句BE或WILL提到句首，SOME改为ANY,AND改为OR，第一二人称互换。例如WEAREGOINGTOGOONANOUTINGTHISWEEKENDAREYOUGOINGTOGOONANOUTINGTHISWEEKEND五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1问人。WHO例如IMGOINGTONEWYORKSOONWHOSGOINGTONEWYORKSOON2问干什么。WHATDO例如MYFATHERISGOINGTOWATCHARACEWITHMETHISAFTERNOONWHATISYOURFATHERGOINGTODOWITHYOUTHISAFTERNOON3问什么时候。WHEN例如SHESGOINGTOGOTOBEDATNINEWHENISSHEGOINGTOBED六、同义句BEGOINGTOWILLIAMGOINGTOGOSWIMMINGTOMORROW（明天）IWILLGOSWIMMINGTOMORROW小学英语语法复习要点3五、一般过去时1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作感谢。2BE动词在一般过去时中的变化AM和IS在一般过去时中变为WAS。（WASNOTWASNT）ARE在一般过去时中变为WERE。（WERENOTWERENT）带有WAS或WERE的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和IS,AM,ARE一样，即否定句在WAS或WERE后加NOT，一般疑问句把WAS或WERE调到句首。3句中没有BE动词的一般过去时的句子否定句DIDNT动词原形，如JIMDIDNTGOHOMEYESTERDAY一般疑问句在句首加DID，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如DIDJIMGOHOMEYESTERDAY特殊疑问句疑问词DID主语动词原形如WHATDIDJIMDOYESTERDAY疑问词当主语时疑问词动词过去式如WHOWENTTOHOMEYESTERDAY动词过去式变化规则1一般在动词末尾加ED，如PULLPULLED,COOKCOOKED2结尾是E加D，如TASTETASTED3末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ED，如STOPSTOPPED4以“辅音字母Y”结尾的，变Y为I，再加ED，如STUDYSTUDIED5不规则动词过去式AM,ISWAS,AREWERE,DODID,SEESAW,SAYSAID,GIVEGAVE,GETGOT,GOWENT,COMECAME,HAVEHAD,EATATE,TAKETOOK,RUNRAN,SINGSANG,PUTPUT,MAKEMADE,READREAD,WRITEWROTE,DRAWDREW,DRINKDRANK,FLYFLEW,RIDERODE,SPEAKSPOKE,SWEEPSWEPT,SWIMSWAM,SITSAT小学英语语法复习要点4六、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习一、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词THAN。比较级前面可以用MORE,ALITTLE来修饰表示程度。THAN后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。2形容词加ER的规则一般在词尾加ER；以字母E结尾，加R；以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ER；以“辅音字母Y”结尾，先把Y变I，再加ER。3不规则形容词比较级GOODBETTER,BEAUTIFULMOREBEAUTIFUL二、副词的比较级1形容词与副词的区别有BE用形，有形用BE；有动用副，有副用动在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或BE动词之后副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后2副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同不规则变化WELLBETTER,FARFARTHER小学英语语法复习要点5七、THEREBE句型与HAVE,HAS的区别1、THEREBE句型表示在某地有某物（或人）2、在THEREBE句型中，主语是单数，BE动词用IS主语是复数，BE动词用ARE如有几件物品，BE动词根据最近BE动词的那个名词决定。3、THEREBE句型的否定句在BE动词后加NOT,一般疑问句把BE动词调到句首。4、THEREBE句型与HAVEHAS的区别THEREBE表示在某地有某物（或人）；HAVEHAS表示某人拥有某物。5、SOME和ANY在THEREBE句型中的运用SOME用于肯定句，ANY用于否定句或疑问句。6、AND和OR在THEREBE句型中的运用AND用于肯定句，OR用于否定句或疑问句。7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是HOWMANY名词复数ARETHERE介词短语HOWMUCH不可数名词ISTHERE介词短语8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是WHATS介词短语小学英语语法复习要点6八、人称代词和物主代词1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于THAN之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。一般疑问句是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用“YES”，或“NO”来回答。如AREYOUASTUDENTYES,IAM/NO,IMNOTISSHEADOCTORYES,SHEIS/NO,SHEISNTDOESHEWORKINAHOSPITALYES,HEDOES/NO,HEDOESNTARETHEREFOURFANSINOURCLASSROOMYES,THEREARE/NO,THEREARENT特殊疑问句以特殊疑问词（WHAT,WHERE,WHO,WHICH,WHEN,WHOSE,WHY,HOW等）开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用“YES、NO”来回答。如WHATISTHISITSACOMPUTERWHATDOESHEDOHESADOCTORWHEREAREYOUGOINGIMGOINGTOBEIJINGWHOPLAYEDFOOTBALLWITHYOUYESTERDAYAFTERNOONMIKEWHICHSEASONDOYOULIKEBESTSUMMERWHENDOYOUUSUALLYGETUPIUSUALLYGETUPAT630WHOSESKIRTISTHISITSAMYSWHYDOYOULIKESPRINGBESTBECAUSEICANPLANTTREESHOWAREYOUIMFINE/IMHAPPY其中HOW又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如HOWMANY（多少数量）,HOWMUCH（多少钱）,HOWTALL（多高）,HOWLONG（多长）,HOWBIG（多大）,HOWHEAVY（多重）例句HOWMANYPENCILSDOYOUHAVEIHAVETHREEPENCILSHOWMANYGIRLSCANYOUSEEICANSEEFOURGIRLSHOWMANYDESKSARETHEREINYOURCLASSROOMTHEREARE51小结HOWMANY用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配，HOWMANY名词复数DOYOUHAVE你有多少HOWMANY名词复数CANYOUSEE你能看见多少HOWMANY名词复数ARETHERE有多少四会单词和句子四年级上册UNIT4HOMEROOMSCHOOLCLASSROOMDOORCHAIRBEDDESKWINDOWUNIT5BREADEGGMILKWATERRICEBEEFCHICKENFISHUNIT6SISTERBROTHERFATHERMOTHERFARMERDRIVERNURSEDOCTOR四年级下册UNIT1COMPUTERBOARDFANSLIGHTTEACHERSDESKPICTUREFLOORWALLTHISISMYCOMPUTERTHATISYOURCOMPUTERISTHISATEACHERSDESKYES,ITISUNIT2ONETWOTHREEFOURFIVESIXSEVENEIGHTNINETENMUSICMATHCHINESEENGLISHPEWHATTIMEISITITSTWOOCLOCKITS945ITSTIMEFORMATHCLASSUNIT3REDBLUEYELLOWGREENWHITESKIRTSHIRTJACKETDRESSISTHISYOURTSHIRTNO,ITSNOTWHATCOLOURISITITSWHITEUNIT4JEANSPANTSSOCKSSHOESSUNNYWARMCOLDSNOWYITSWARMTODAYLETSPLAYFOOTBALLITSCOOLISITCOLDUNIT5BIGSMALLLONGSHORTNICEAPPLEBANANAPEARWATERMELONHOWMUCHISITITSTENYUANHOWMUCHARETHEYTHEYRETHREEYUANUNIT6CATRABBITPIGDUCKDOGELEVENTWELVEFIFTEENTHIRTEENTWENTYARETHEYDUCKSNO,THEYARENTHOWMANYHORSESARETHERETWELVE五年级上册UNIT1YOUNGFUNNYTALLSTRONGKINDOLDSHORTTHINSMARTACTIVESTRICTQUIETWHOSYOURENGLISHTEACHERMRCARTERWHATSHELIKEHESTALLANDSTRONGISSHEQUITENO,SHEISNTSHESVERYACTIVEISSHESTRICTYES,SHEIS,BUTSHESVERYKINDUNIT2MONDAYMONTUESDAYTUEWEDNESDAYWEDTHURSDAYTHUFRIDAYFRISATURDAYSATSUNDAYSUNDAYHAVEDOHOMEWORKWATCHTVREADBOOKSWHATDAYISITTODAYITSWEDNESDAYWHATDOYOUHAVEONTHURSDAYWEHAVEENGLISH,MATHANDSCIENCEONTHURSDAYSWHATDOYOUDOONSATURDAYSIWATCHTVONSATURDAYSUNIT3EGGPLANTFISHGREENBEANSTOFUPOTATOTOMATOLUNCHTASTYSWEETSOURFRESHSALTYFAVOURTIEFRUITGRAPEWHATDOYOUHAVEFORLUNCHONMONDAYSWEHAVETOMATOES,TOFUANDFISHWHATSYOURFAVOURITEFRUITILIKEAPPLESTHEYRESWEETILIKEFRUITBUTIDONTLIKEGRAPESTHEYRESOURUNIT4COOKTHEMEALSWATERTHEFLOWERSSWEEPTHEFLOORCLEANTHEBEDROOMMAKETHEBEDSETTHETABLEWASHTHECLOTHESDOTHEDISHESUSEACOMPUTERWHATCANYOUDOICANSWEEPTHEFLOORICANCOOKTHEMEALSICANWATERTHEFLOWERSCANYOUMAKETHEBEDNO,ICANTCANYOUUSEACOMPUTERYES,ICANUNIT5CURTAINTRASHBINCLOSETMIRRORENDTABLEBEDROOMKITCHENBATHROOMLIVINGROOMCLOTHESINONUNDERNEAROVERBEHINDTHEREARETWOBEDROOMS,AKITCHEN,ABATHROOMANDALIVINGROOMTHEREISAMIRROR,ABEDANDABIGCLOSETTHECLOSETISNEARTHETABLEMANYCLOTHESAREINTHECLOSETTHETRASHBINISBEHINDTHEDOORUNIT6MOUNTAINRIVERFLOWERGRASSLAKEFORESTPATHPARKHOUSEBRIDGETREEROADBUILDINGANYISTHEREAFORESTINTHEPARKYES,THEREISISTHEREARIVERNO,THEREISNT五年级下册UNIT1DOMORNINGEXERCISESEATBREAKFASTHAVEENGLISHCLASSPLAYSPORTSEATDINNERGETUPCLIMBMOUNTAINSGOSHOPPINGPLAYTHEPIANOVISITGRANDPARENTSGOHIKINGUSUALLYOFTENSOMETIMESWHENDOYOUEATDINNERIEATDINNERAT700INTHEEVENINGWHENDOYOUGETUPIUSUALLYGETUPAT1200ATNOONWHATDOYOUDOONTHEWEEKENDUSUALLYIWATCHTVANDGOSHOPPINGSOMETIMESIVISITMYGRANDPARENTSWHATABOUTYOUIOFTENPLAYFOOTBALLSOMETIMESIGOHIKINGUNIT2SPRINGSUMMERFALLWINTERSEASONWHICHBESTSWIMFLYKITESSLEEPSKATEMAKEASNOWMANPLANTTREESWHYBECAUSEWHICHSEASONDOYOULIKEBESTILIKEWINTERBESTSUMMERISGOOD,BUTFALLISMYFAVOURITESEASONWHYDOYOULIKESUMMERBECAUSEICANSWIMINTHELAKEWHYDOYOULIKEWINTERBECAUSEICANSLEEPALONGTIMEUNIT3JANUARYJANFEBRUARYFEBMARCHMARAPRILAPRMAYJUNEJULYAUGUSTAUGSEPTEMBERSEPTOCTOBEROCTNOVEMBERNOVDECEMBERDECBIRTHDAYUNCLEHERDATEWHENISYOURBIRTHDAYITSINMAYMYBIRTHDAYISINJUNEUNCLEBILLSBIRTHDAYISINJUNE,TOOISHERBIRTHDAYINJUNEYESWHATSTHEDATEJUNE9THUNIT4DRAWPICTURESCOOKDINNERREADABOOKANSWERTHEPHONELISTENTOMUSICCLEANTHEROOMWRITEALETTERWRITEANEMAILMOMGRANDPASTUDYHI,JOHNTHISISZHANGPENGWHATAREYOUDOINGIMDOINGTHEDISHESIMREADINGABOOKGRANDPAISWRITINGALETTERBROTHERISDOINGHOMEWORKMOMISCOOKINGDINNERINTHEKITCHENHESWRITINGANEMAILINTHESTUDYUNIT5FLYJUMPWALKRUNSWIMKANGAROOSLEEPCLIMBFIGHTSWINGDRINKWATERWHATISITDOINGITSEATINGBANANASWHATISSHEDOINGSHESJUMPINGWHATARETHEYDOINGTHEYRESWIMMINGTHEYRECLIMBINGTREESUNIT6TAKEPICTURESWATCHINSECTSPICKUPLEAVESDOANEXPERIMENTCATCHBUTTERFLIESCOUNTINSECTSCOLLECTLEAVESWRITEAREPORTPLAYCHESSHAVEAPICNICHONEYAREYOUEATINGLUNCHNO,WEARENTARETHEYEATINGTHEHONEYYES,THEYAREISHEPLAYINGCHESSYES,HEISISSHECOUNTINGINSECTSNO,SHEISNT六年级上册UNIT1ONFOOTBYBIKEBYBUSBYTRAINBYPLANEBYSHIPGOTOSCHOOLTRAFFICLIGHTTRAFFICRULESTOPWAITGETTOHOWDOYOUGOTOSCHOOL,SARAHUSUALLYIGOTOSCHOOLONFOOTSOMETIMESIGOBYBIKEHOWCANIGETTOZHONGSHANPARKYOUCANGOBYTHENO15BUSUNIT2LIBRARYPOSTOFFICEHOSPITALCINEMABOOKSTOREWHEREPLEASENEXTTOTURNRIGHTTURNLEFTGOSTRAIGHTTHENWHEREISTHECINEMA,PLEASEITSNEXTTOTHEHOSPITALTURNLEFTATTHECINEMA,THENGOSTRAIGHTITSONTHELEFTUNIT3NEXTWEEKTHISMORNINGTHISAFTERNOONTHISEVENINGCOMICBOOKPOSTCARDNEWSPAPERBUYWHATAREYOUGOINGTODOONTHEWEEKENDIMGOINGTOVISITMYGRANDPARENTSTH