初中英语 名词性从句知识结构图解含例句解析.

名词性从句知识结构图解EDWARD定义在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句NOUNCLAUSES名词性从句包括主语,宾语,表语,同位语从句名词性从句中使用陈述句语序。从属连词THATWHETHERIF只起引导从句的作用，在从句中不做句子成分）连接代词WHAT,WHATEVER,WHO,WHOEVER,WHOM,WHOMEVER,WHOSE,WHICH,等在从句1分类中做主语，宾语，表语，定语等句子成分。连接副词WHEN,WHERE,HOW,WHY,WHENEVER,HOWEVER,WHEREVER等在从句中做状语成分。引导名词性2名词性从句的连接词选用原则“缺什么就补什么”从句的连接词IKNOWWHATHEISTALKINGABOUT从句中缺宾语,指物DOYOUKNOWWHOHEIS从句中缺表语,指人WHEREHEWILLGOISUNKNOWN从句中缺地点状语IMSURETHATTHEYWILLCOMETOMORROW从句中什么都不缺IDONTKNOWWHICHBOOKISHOULDCHOOSE从句中缺定语定义充当主语功能的句子叫主语从句THATSHEWASCHOSENMADEAGREATSTIR轰动INHERSCHOOL注意IT作形式主语的THAT从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系ITBE形容词THAT从句ITISNECESSARY/IMPORTANTTHAT是有必要/重要的ITBEED分词THAT从句ITISUNIVERSALLYACKNOWLEDGEDTHAT/ITISKNOWNTHAT众所周知ITBE名词THAT从句ITISCOMMONKNOWLEDGE/AFACTTHAT是常识/事实IT不及物动词THAT分句ITHAPPENSTHAT碰巧/ITOCCURSTOSBTHAT突然想起名主语从句IT作形式主语和IT引导强调句的比较强调句ITISINTHEMORNINGTHATTHEMURDERTOOKPLACE去掉该结构后,句子成分完整词主语从句ITWASAPITYTHATYOUSHOULDNTGOTOSEETHEFILM（在句子中作主语成分）性WHATEVER/WHICHEVER/WHOEVER引导主语从句的区别WHATEVER是WHAT的强调形式表示“无论什么”相当于ANYTHINGTHAT从WHATEVER/ANYTHINGTHATSHEDOESISWRONGWHOEVER是WHO的强调形式，表示无论谁相当于ANYONEWHO句EVERWHOEVER/ANYONEWHOWALKSAROUNDINSUCHAHEAVYRAINWILLCATCHACOLDWHICHEVER无论哪个无论哪些,既指人,又指物可修饰名词与OF连用WHICHEVERBOOKYOUBORROWDOESNTMATTERTOUSWHICHEVEROFUSFULFILLSHISTASKWILLLENDAHANDTOOTHERS定义在复合句中充当宾语功能的句子叫宾语从句WECANLEARNWHATWEDIDNTKNOWWEFINDITNECESSARYTHATWESHOULDPRACTICEENGLISHEVERYDAY某些作表语的形容词，如SURE,HAPPY,GLAD,CERTAIN等之后可带宾语从句IAMGLADTHATYOUCANCOMEANDHELPME注意WISH/WOULDRATHER后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。IWISHIHADFINISHEDMYHOMEWORKYESTERDAYIDRATHERYOUHADBEENTHEREYESTERDAY在表示建议,命令,请求的词后面的宾语从句当中用SHOULDV,SHOULD可以省略宾语从句HISPALEFACESUGGESTEDTHATHEWASILLSOISUGGESTEDTHATHESHOULDGOTOSEETHEDOCTORHEINSISTEDTHATHEWASINNOCENTANDINSISTEDTHATHESHOULDBESETFREE注意IT作形式宾语的结构WEALLTHOUGHTITAPITYTHATWEHADMISSEDTHELESSONITOOKITFORGRANTEDTHATTHEYWERENOTCOMINGTHAT一般不接介词宾语，偶尔可作EXCEPT,IN的宾语；其它介词后面需用IT作形式宾语HEDIFFERSFROMHISROOMMATESINTHATHEDEVOTEDHISSPARETIMETOREADINGHEKNOWSNOTHINGABOUTJIMEXCEPTTHATHEISFROMLONDONYOUCANDEPENDONITTHATHEWILLHELPYOUINTIMEOFEMERGENCY表示好恶的动词如LIKEHATELOVEAPPRECIATE等后面不能直接跟宾语；ILIKEITWHENTHEWEATHERISSUNNYIHATEITWHENSOMEONEISLATERFORMYCLASS定义充当表语功能的句子被叫做表语从句。复习系动词的概念和类别THEQUESTIONISWHETHERWECANMAKEGOODPREPARATIONINSUCHASHORTTIME表语从句注意REASON后面的表语从句只能用THAT,不能用WHY引导THEREASONISTHAT（BECAUSETHEREASONWHYWEDIDNTTRUSTHIMISTHATHEHASOFTENLIED该句型中WHY引导一个定语从句定义同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步说明该名词的具体内容这些名词主要是表示抽象概念的词如FACT,NEWS,PROMISE,IDEA,TRUTHPOSSIBILITYSTATEMENTWARNINGADVICE等同位语的引导词有THATWHETHERWHYWHOWHEREHOW等；其中THAT和WHETHER只起引导作用其他连词具有实际意思，同时在同位语中作句子成分。THENEWSTHATCHINABROKENTHEWORLDRECORDINTHEOLYMPICGAMESHASCHEEREDALLOFUSTHEQUESTIONWHYSOMANYPEOPLEWOULDCHOOSETOLIVEINTHECOUNTRYSIDEBUTTOWORKINTHECITYISSTILL同位语从句UNDERDISCUSSIONWHY引导同位语从句解释说明中心语QUESTION的内容；且WHY在从句中作状语注意只起引导作用时，连接词用THAT而不用WHICHWHEREDIDYOUGETTHEIDEATHATSHECOULDNOTCOME同位语从句和定语从句的区别就看THAT在作引导的从句中是否做句子成分THESUGGESTIONTHATHERAISEDATTHEMEETINGISVERYIMPORTANT（THAT引导定语THESUGGESTIONTHATTHESTUDENTSSHOULDHAVEPLENTYOFEXERCISEISVERYGOODTHAT引导同位语从句在名词性从句当中只能用WH在引导让步状语从句两者可以互换NOMATTERWHHEWILLBELIEVEWHATEVEROTHERSSAY划线部分部分为名词性从句，不能互换名WHEVER区别WHATEVEROTHERSSAY,HEWILLBELIEVEIT划线部分为状语从句，可以互换WHOEVERWALKSAROUNDINSUCHAHEAVYRAINWILLCATCHACOLD不可互换词原则能用IF的情况，都能用WHETHER表“是否”性在表语,同位语，主语置于句首时从句时只用WHETHER表“是否”THEQUESTIONISWHETHERTHEFILMISWORTHSEEING（表语从句）从IHAVENOIDEAWHETHERWESHOULDGOTOTHEPARTY（同位语从句）WHETHERWESHALLATTENDTHEMEETINGHASNTBEENDECIDEDYET主语从句句首句ITHASNTBEENDECIDEDYETIFWESHALLATTENDTHEMEETINGWHETHER/IF区别ITISDOUBTFULWHETHER/IFHEWILLCOMEHERE主语从句，句末时可互换形容词；介词；DISCUSS后的宾语从句中只用WHETHER表“是否”ITDEPENDSONWHETHERYOUCANDOTHEWORKWELL介词宾语几个难点THESTUDENTSAREDISCUSSINGWHETHERTHEYWILLGOOUTFORAPICNICTHISSUNDAYIAMNOTSUREWHETHERHEWILLCOMEHEREORNOT形容词的宾语WHETHER与TODO；WHETHER与OR或ORNOT的搭配THEQUESTIONISWHETHERTOSTAYORLEAVEDOYOUMINDWHETHERAMANORWOMANDOESTHEJOB主语，表语，同位语从句中THAT不能省略THATTHEYAREGOODATENGLISHISKNOWNTOALL（主语从句）THEPROBLEMISTHATWEDONTHAVEENOUGHMONEY（表语从句）THEFACTTHATTHEREARESTILLMANYPEOPLESUFFERINGFROMPOVERTYISREALLYAGREATPROBLEMTOTHECHINESEGOVERNMENT同位语从句在宾语从句中THAT在以下几种情况中不能省略关于THAT的省略做介词宾语时THAT不能省略IKNOWNOTHINGABOUTMYNEIGHBOREXCEPTTHATHEUSEDTOWORKABROAD由IT作形式宾语时，THAT引导的宾语从句中，THAT不可省略WEALLCONSIDERITIMPORTANTTHATEVERYSTUDENTSHOULDBETREATEDPROPERLY句子含多个并列句时，引导第二和以后几个从句的THAT不可省略EVERYONEKNEWWHATHAPPENEDANDTHATSHEWASWORRIED宾语从句被隔开时，THAT不能省略INEVERDOUBT,UNDERANYCIRCUMSTANCE,THATHEWILLSTUDYHARD如果名词性从句中又含有从句，此时THAT不能省略KEEPINMINDTHATIFYOUWANTOTHERSTORESPECTYOU,YOUMUSTRESPECTOTHERSFIRSTTHAT不能省略，后面的宾语从句中含有一个条件状语从句典型真题解析考点一宾语从句1HOWMUCHONEENJOYSHIMSELFTRAVELLINGDEPENDSLARGELYONHEGOESWITH，WHETHERHISFRIENDSORRELATIVESW_WWKS5_UCOMAWHATBWHOCHOWDWHYW_WWK_S5_UC_OM解析根据句末的WHETHERHISFRIENDSORRELATIVES可知应是和谁去，故选B。句意为“一个人旅游多么享受很大程度上取决于他和谁去，无论是他的朋友还是亲戚。”答案B2BEFORETHESALESSTART,IMAKEALISTOF_MYKIDSWILLNEEDFORTHECOMINGSEASONAWHYBWHATCHOWDWHICH解析句意应为“在大甩卖开始前，我把孩子们在下个季节里要用到的东西列了一个清单。”分析句式结构可知，空格处在句中引导宾语从句且在从句中充当NEED的宾语，所以B项结构正确。WHICH引导名词性从句时多表示疑问且要有一个明确的范围。答案B3ASANEWGRADUATE,HEDOESNTKNOWITTAKESTOSTARTABUSINESSHEREAHOWBWHATCWHENDWHICH句意作为一名新毕业生，他不知道需要什么才能在这里开始经营。解析空格后的从句中TAKES是动词，其后缺少宾语，所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用WHAT。答案B第二主语从句1SOMEPEOPLEREGARDASADRAWBACKISSEENASAPLUSBYMANYOTHERSAWHETHERBWHATCTHATDHOW句意一些人眼中的缺点是别人眼中的优点。解析从句中缺宾语，只能用BWHAT来引导C中的THAT引导主语从句不做成分。答案B2HOWABOUTCAMPINGTHISWEEKEND,JUSTFORACHANGEOK,YOUWANTAWHICHEVERBHOWEVERCWHATEVERDWHOEVER答案C解析句意“这个周末野营怎么样，来点新鲜的”“好啊，按你的意思吧”根据语境分析出后者支持前面的提出的观点。3ITISUNCERTAINSIDEEFFECTTHEMEDICINEWILLBRINGABOUT,ALTHOUGHABOUTTWOTHOUSANDPATIENTSHAVETAKENITATHATBWHATWWWKS5UCOCHOWDWHETHER解析根据句意尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物，但是，它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。SIDEEFFECT意思是“副作用”，还原主语从句中的主干是THEMEDICINEWILLBRINGABOUT_SIDEEFFECT。故选择WHAT，形容词“什么样的”，起修饰作用。答案B三同位语从句1THENEWS_THEHOUSINGPRICEWILLFALLHASCAUSEDMANYPEOPLETOSELLTHEIRHOUSESATLOWERPRICESATHATBWHICHCWHATDHOW解析用“THAT”引导同位语从句，“房价”译成“HOUSINGPRICE”。答案THAT2IMADEAPROMISETOMYSELF_THISYEAR,MYFIRSTYEARINHIGHSCHOOL,WOULDBEDIFFERENTAWHETHERBWHATCTHATDHOW【解析】THAT引导同位语从句，在从句中不做句子成分，补充说明同位语PROMISE的内容。【答案】C四表语从句1IPREFERSHUTTINGMYSELFINANDLISTENINGTOMUSICALLDAYONSUNDAYSTHATS_IDONTAGREEYOUSHOULDHAVEAMOREACTIVELIFEAWHEREBHOWCWHENDWHAT答案选A这就是我不同意的地方AGREE是不及物动词,所以用WHERE用表语从句2PARTOFTHEREASONCHARLESDICKENSLOVEDHISOWNNOVEL,DAVIDCOPPERFIELD,WAS_ITWASRATHERCLOSELYMODELEDONHISOWNLIFEAWHATBTHATCWHYDWHETHER解析从句不缺成分，因此用THAT来引导。句意狄更斯喜欢他自己的小说大卫科波菲尔的部分原因是小说创作非常贴近他本人的真实生活。答案B各地精选模拟题试题名词性从句1河南示范性高中五校4月联考BYIMPROVINGREADINGSKILLS,YOUCANREADFASTERANDUNDERSTANDMOREOF_YOUREADATHATBWHATCWHICHDWHETHER2河南开封三模_ISHARDISTODOGOODALLONESLIFEANDNEVERDOANYTHINGBADAHEBITCTHATDWHAT3江苏南京市三模THOUGHHAVINGDISCUSSEDITFORLONG,THEYSTILLHAVENTREACHEDANAGREEMENT_THEYSHOULDPOURMOREMONEYINTOTHEPROJECTATHATBIFCWHETHERDWHAT4长沙月考AWONDERFULIDEASUDDENLYOCCURREDTOME_IWOULDTURNTOTHEREFERENCEBOOKTOFINISHMYHOMEWORKATHATBIFCWHENDWHICH5北京西城二模WHYAREYOUSTARINGATMEYOULOOKSTUPIDTHEWAYYOUWEARISANNOYSMOSTAWHICHBWHERECHOWDWHAT6成都三诊ITISNOLONGERAQUESTIONNOW_THECHINESEASTRONAUTSCANWAVEOURNATIONALFLAGINOUTERSPACEAWHEREBWHETHERCTHATDWHAT7云南昆明三中第七次月考GREATHONORSWILLBEGIVENTO_HAVESUCCESSFULLYRESCUEDTHEVICTIMSOFTHEEARTHQUAKEATHOSEWHOBWHOEVERCWHODWHOM8重庆西南师大模拟ITHOUGHTSTEPHANIEANDLEEWEREGETTINGMARRIEDINJUNENO,THATS_HERCOUSINSWEDDINGISAWHEREBWHENCWHYDHOW9河北石家庄市二模ISKNOWNTOUSALLISTHATTHE2012SUMMEROLYMICGAMESWILLTAKEPLACEINLONDONAITBWHATCASDWHICH10【吉林重点中学协作体高考适应性】ILLASKTHETEACHERABOUTTHEATTRIBUTIVECLAUSEIMVERYPUZZLEDABOUTITTHATSJUST_MOSTOFOURCLASSMATESHAVEDOUBTAWHATBWHYCWHEREDHOW11【潍坊三县联考】ALLOFUSHAVEALREADYKNOWN_SHEWILLCHOOSEISTHEOPPORTUNITYTOGOABROADATHISBTHATCWHATDWHICH12【泰安期末】HESOLDOUTALLHISSTAMPSAT_HETHOUGHTWASAREASONABLEPRICEAWHICHBTHATCWHATDAS13【北京四中期中】ITISGOODMANNERSTOEATUP_ISLEFTINYOURPLATEATHATBWHATCWHICHDALL14【吉林重点中学适应】ITEVENLEAVESTHESCIENTISTSINWONDER_THEYSHOULDCALLTHENEWLYBORNCREATURE,WHICHLOOKSHALFHUMANANDHALFANIMALATHATBWHYCWHATDHOW15【山东聊城临清模拟】WORDCOMES_FREESOUVENIRSWILLBEGIVENTO_COMESFIRSTAWHATNOMATTERWHOMBTHATWHOEVERCWHICHWHOMEVERDTHATNOMATTERWHO第二节完型填空共20小题每小题15分,满分30分THEREISASMALLSHOPABOUT200METERSFROMWHEREILIVETHATSELLSGROCERIES,MEATANDOTHERBASICNECESSITIESABOUT10YEARSAGO,THEREWASABEGGARWHOWOULDGOINTOTHESHOPEVERYDAYANDASKTHEOWNERFORA36THEOWNER,37HEWOULDLOVETOHELP,SIMPLYDIDNTHAVEANYJOBSAVAILABLE,SOHEKEPT38THEMANSOFFICETHISSITUATIONCONTINUED39FORAFEWMONTHS,UNTILTHEOWNER40TOGIVETHEHOMELESSMANAJOBWHICH41SWEEPINGOUTSIDETHESHOPEVERYSINGLEDAYFORM5AM,THEHOMELESSMANWASTHEREDOINGTHEVERY42HECOULDFORTHE43,MAKINGITTHECOMMUNITYSFAVOURITE,EVENTHOUGHITDIDEARNHIMPENNIES44,THEOWNERSAWHOWGOODAJOBTHEMANWASDOINGANDGAVEHIMAJOBWORKING45ACASHIER收银员HEWASWATCHEDCLOSELYTOMAKESURETHATHEDIDNT46ANYOFTHEMONEYRECEIVEDFROMTHESALESHEWASSTILLHOMELESS,AFTERALLTHEHOMELESSMANDIDA/AN47JOBASACASHIERFOROVER2YEARS,ANDDIDSUCHAGOODJOBTHATHEWASPROMOTEDTO48THEFINANCESFORTHEWHOLESHOPTOMY49,THISWASTHEARRANGEMENTSUPUNTIL2YEARSAGO,WHENTHEOWNER50INHISW