ppt课件：高考英语名词性从句复习课件（可编辑）

十名词性从句一、主语从句主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语,引导主语从句的词有THAT,WHETHER,WHO,WHAT,WHICH,WHOEVER,WHATEVER,WHICHEVER,WHEN,WHERE,WHY,HOW等。THATSHEWASCHOSENMADEUSVERYHAPPYWHATCAUSEDTHEACCIDENTISACOMPLETEMYSTERYWHOEVERCOMESTOTHEPARTYWILLRECEIVEAPRESENT【注】有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免“头重脚轻”,常用IT作形式主语,而把从句放在后面。ITDEPENDSONTHECLIMATEWHETHERTHEYAREGOINGSHOPPINGTODAY二、表语从句表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语,引导表语从句的词有THAT,WHETHER,WHO,WHAT,WHICH,WHOEVER,WHATEVER,WHICHEVER,WHEN,WHERE,WHY,HOW,BECAUSE等。THEREASONISTHATYOUDONTTRUSTHERTHISISWHEREIDISAGREE这一点是我所不同意的。三、宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导宾语从句的词有THAT,WHETHER,IF,WHO,WHAT,WHICH,WHOEVER,WHATEVER,WHICHEVER,WHEN,WHERE,WHY,HOW等。宾语从句一般放在动词、介词或形容词后。SHEEXPLAINEDTHATSHEWASLATEBECAUSEOFTHEHEAVYTRAFFIC【注】有时要用IT作形式宾语,而把宾语从句放在句子的后面。HEHASMADEITCLEARTHATHEWILLNOTGIVEIN如DOYOUTHINK/BELIEVE/SUPPOSE/EXPECT/IMAGINE后接特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句,疑问词要放在句首。WHATDOYOUTHINKISGOINGONOUTSIDEI/WEDONTTHINK/BELIEVE/SUPPOSE/EXPECT/IMAGINE后接宾语从句时,反义疑问句要与从句中的主语和谓语保持一致。IDONTSUPPOSEHECARES,DOESHE在宾语从句中,引导词WHETHER和IF基本一样,但介词后的宾语从句多用WHETHER。ITALLDEPENDSUPONWHETHERWECANGETTHEIRCOOPERATION动词DOUBT如用于肯定句,其后的宾语从句常用IF/WHETHER引导,如用于否定句或疑问句,则宾语从句用THAT引导。IDOUBTIF/WHETHEROURFOOTBALLTEAMWILLWINTHEMATCHIDONTDOUBTTHATICANDEFEATHIMINTHECONTEST四、同位语从句在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用THAT,WHETHER,WHO,WHICH,WHAT,WHERE,WHEN,WHY,HOW等词引导,常放在FACT,NEWS,IDEA,TRUTH,HOPE,PROBLEM,INFORMATION等名词后面,用以说明该名词的具体内容。THENEWSTHATTHEYHADWONTHEGAMESOONSPREADOVERTHEWHOLESCHOOL五、名词性从句的难点1引导词THAT与WHAT的区别WHAT既有引导主语从句的作用,同时又在从句中作句子成分主语、宾语、表语等,这时WHAT相当于ALLTHAT/EVERYTHINGTHAT等,常译成“所的东西、事情、话等”而THAT只起连接作用,本身无实际意义,在从句中也不充当任何句子成分,但THAT引导的主语从句放在句首时,不能省略THAT。WHATWECANTGETSEEMSBETTERTHANWHATWEHAVETHATANEWTEACHERWILLCOMETOTEACHUSGEOGRAPHYISTRUE2引导词IF和WHETHER的区别IF和WHETHER引导动词后面的宾语从句时一般可通用,但介词后的宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句不能用IF引导。IDONTCAREIF/WHETHERHEWILLCOMETOMYPARTYWHETHERSHEWILLGOHOMEORNOTISUNKNOWNTHEQUESTIONISWHETHERWECANCOLLECTENOUGHMONEY3引导词WHO与WHOEVER的区别WHOEVER引导名词性从句时,相当于ANYONEWHO或THOSEWHO,它既是从句的主语,又是主句的主语。而WHO只作从句的主语,它引导的从句才是主句的主语。WHOEVERHASHELPEDTOSAVETHEDROWNINGGIRLISWORTHPRAISINGWHOWILLBEELECTEDPRESIDENTDOESNTMAKEMUCHDIFFERENCETOME4引导词WHAT与WHATEVER的区别WHATEVER引导名词性从句时,与WHAT差不多,只是语气上更强些,有“任何一切”之意。ITISGENERALLYCONSIDEREDUNWISETOGIVEACHILDWHATEVERHEORSHEWANTSTHISISEXACTLYWHATIWANT5同位语从句与定语从句的区别同位语从句用于解释前面名词的内容,从句本身是一个非常完整的句子,所以其前的名词在同位语从句中不作任何成分定语从句对其前的名词加以限制和修饰,从句本身不够完整,因此其前的名词在定语从句中通常作主语、宾语或表语等成分。IMADEAPROMISETHATIFANYONESETMEFREEIWOULDMAKEHIMVERYRICHTHEMOTHERMADEAPROMISETHATPLEASEDALLHERCHILDREN6WHOEVER与NOMATTERWHOWHATEVER与NOMATTERWHATWHOEVER和WHATEVER既可以引导名词性从句,也可引导让步状语从句NOMATTERWHO和NOMATTERWHAT只引导让步状语从句。WHATEVERNOMATTERWHATYOUMAYTHINK,IMGOINGAHEADWITHMYPLANSTAKEWHATEVERYOUNEEDANDLEAVEMEALONE7名词性从句的语序名词性从句一律用陈述语序。NOONEWILLBESUREWHATMANWILLLOOKLIKEINAMILLIONYEARS没人知道百万年后人会是什么样子。8名词性从句中的语气1在ITISNECESSARY/NATURAL/IMPORTANT/STRANGETHAT从句中,从句中的谓语动词用“SHOULD原形动词”表虚拟语气,且SHOULD可省略。ITISNECESSARYTHATTHEPROBLEMSHOULDBESETTLEDATONCE2表示“建议、命令、要求”意义的动词,后接THAT从句时,从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气,即“SHOULD原形动词”,且SHOULD可省略。BOBSDOCTORSUGGESTSTHATHESHOULDRESTFORAFEWDAYS3表示“建议、要求、命令、想法”意义的名词,后接THAT从句时,从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气“SHOULD动词原形”,SHOULD可以省略。这类名词有ADVICE,AGREEMENT,COMMAND,DECISION,DEMAND,DETERMINATION,ORDER,PREFERENCE,PROPOSAL,REQUEST,REQUIREMENT等。THISISOURONLYREQUESTTHATTHISSHOULDBESETTLEDASSOONASPOSSIBLE同样,如主语是表示“建议、要求、命令、想法”意义的名词,那么THAT引导的表语从句中也要用虚拟语气。HERSUGGESTIONWASTHATTHEYSHOULDCARRYONTHEIRCONVERSATIONINFRENCH过关落实1_MATTERSMOSTINLEARNINGENGLISHISENOUGHPRACTICEAWHATBWHYCWHEREDWHICH解析WHAT引导的句子作主语,在从句中WHAT作主语。答案A2CHOOSINGTHERIGHTDICTIONARYDEPENDSON_YOUWANTTOUSEITFORAWHATBWHYCHOWDWHETHER解析WHAT引导宾语从句,在从句中作宾语。答案A3THESEASIDEHEREDRAWSALOTOFTOURISTSEVERYSUMMERWARMSUNSHINEANDSOFTSANDSMAKE_ITISAWHATBWHICHCHOWDWHERE解析WHAT引导宾语从句,在从句中作表语。答案A4YOUCANONLYBESUREOF_YOUHAVEATPRESENTYOUCANNOTBESUREOFSOMETHING_YOUMIGHTGETINTHEFUTUREATHATWHATBWHAT/CWHICHTHATD/THAT解析WHAT引导宾语从句THAT引导定语从句,在从句中作宾语,可省略。答案B5WHYNOTTRYYOURLUCKDOWNTOWN,BOBTHATS_THEBESTJOBSAREAWHEREBWHATCWHENDWHY解析由“DOWNTOWN”可知,应该使用表地点的引导词“WHERE”。答案A6HAVINGCHECKEDTHEDOORSWERECLOSED,AND_ALLTHELIGHTSWEREOFF,THEBOYOPENEDTHEDOORTOHISBEDROOMAWHYBTHATCWHENDWHERE解析AND连接两个宾语从句,第二个宾语从句的引导词THAT不能省略。答案B7THETRADITIONALVIEWIS_WESLEEPBECAUSEOURBRAINIS“PROGRAMMED”TOMAKEUSDOSOAWHENBWHYCWHETHERDTHAT解析THAT引导表语从句,不做任何句子成分,但一般不能省略。答案D8ITSTHIRTYYEARSSINCEWELASTMETBUTISTILLREMEMBERTHESTORY,BELIEVEITORNOT,_WEGOTLOSTONARAINYNIGHTAWHICHBTHATCWHATDWHEN解析此处THAT引导的句子作THESTORY的同位语从句。答案B9_TEAMWINSONSATURDAYWILLGOTHROUGHTOTHENATIONALCHAMPIONSHIPSANOMATTERWHATBNOMATTERWHICHCWHATEVERDWHICHEVER解析WHICHEVER引导的句子在句中作主语,不能用NOMATTERWHICH代替,因为后者只能引导让步状语从句。答案D10NOBODYBELIEVEDHISREASONFORBEINGABSENTFROMTHECLASS_HEHADTOMEETHISUNCLEATTHEAIRPORTAWHYBTHATCWHEREDBECAUSE解析此处THAT引导的句子作HISREASON的同位语。答案B11_DIFFERENTLIFEISTODAYFROM_ITUSEDTOBETENYEARSAGOAHOWWHATBWHATWHATCHOWTHATDWHATTHAT解析HOW与形容词DIFFERENT构成感叹句WHATITUSEDTOBE作介词FROM的宾语。答案A12DOYOUTHINKITAMUSTFORMETOTRYTODOEVERYTHINGFORMYCHILDRENNO,T