青少年近视的成因及饮食对策探究（The causes of juvenile myopia and dietary Countermeasures）

1、青少年近视的成因及饮食对策探究（The causes of juvenile myopia and dietary Countermeasures）The causes of juvenile myopia and dietary CountermeasuresMyopia is one of the most common and common eye diseases in young people. Studies show that 1218 is a high incidence of myopia. Statistics show that many children have n

2、ot been formally enrolled, they have suffered from myopia, myopia patients are becoming younger.According to the joint survey of the Ministry of health and the Ministry of education, the incidence of juvenile myopia in China is close to 60%, after Japan, ranking second in the world, with a populatio

3、n of more than 60 million, ranking first in the world and increasing at an annual rate of 6%.At present our primary and secondary school students myopia rate has reached 34.6%, high school students myopia rate has reached 70%, due to myopia caused by the number of blind 300 thousand. Visual decline

4、has a direct impact on the childs academic performance and higher education, employment, and its physiological and psychological obstacles in varying degrees.Myopia 100300 degrees is low myopia, it is benign disease; 400600 degrees are neutral myopia; above 600 degrees for high myopia. Myopia not on

5、ly brings a lot of inconvenience to the daily life and study, but also in high myopia can lead to all kinds of ophthalmic complications are common vitreous body muddy (i.e. floaters), glaucoma, cataract, retinal detachment occurred seriously. In recent years, with the increase in the number of myopi

6、a, retinal detachment has become a more common disease, according to statistics, retinal detachment in myopic patients accounted for 50% to 60%.The sooner a child becomes short-sighted, the more likely it is to reach 800 degrees. Many 10 years old myopia degree as high as 800 degrees of children, mo

7、re prone to early vascular occlusion and other organic lesions, blindness risk more.1, diet prevention of juvenile myopia feasibilityChina has since ancient times medical food homologous, diet similar said, that food has medical, food and use the effect. A lot of food itself is drugs, but the drug r

8、esistance are generally not so fresh. In the Tang Dynasty, Sun Simiao wrote Food Governance in prepared for the daughter of gold:. The husband for medicine, when must first know cause, to know what to make, food therapy, instant healing, life and medicine. Here the so-called food therapy, is diet th

9、erapy, namely according to the patients physical condition or personal, scientific and rational feeding with dietary function or health food, can achieve the purpose of preventing and treating diseases. Therefore, youth and juvenile myopia can also be prevented by diet.At present, some experts calle

10、d for children to short-sighted eat off! But myopia can also be eaten! More and more researches show that bad diet structure and diet habit are one of the most important causes of myopia.Young people should choose to eat some good food on the eye, not detrimental to the sight of food, the so-called

11、diet. In fact, a diet is the diet, when there is damage to a certain food on the rehabilitation of the disease, after eating may aggravate or cause a relapse, in principle, should eat or not eat.However, we must see that the formation of juvenile myopia is not a single factor, but rather the result

12、of many factors. The changes in diet, the popularity of computers, the prevalence and abuse of over-the-counter drugs have created new myopia problems.Therefore, the prevention of juvenile myopia requires a comprehensive consideration of various factors.Analysis of the causes of juvenile myopia in 2

13、2.1 improper diet2.1.1 too much sweets contribute to myopiaBecause excessive intake of sugar can lead to the decrease of the elasticity of the eyeball and sclera tissue, the diameter of the ball wall becomes longer before and after the influence of intraocular pressure, which is prone to myopia.Swee

14、ts in the metabolism of the body when the need for a large number of vitamin B1, and if the bodys excessive intake of sugar, vitamin B1 will be relatively inadequate, and vitamin B1 and optic nerve development and function are closely related. In addition, sugar can be converted into acid through me

15、tabolism, which combines with calcium, resulting in a reduction in calcium content, while calcium is an essential nutrient for the development of the eyeball. Therefore, some experts suggest: suffering from myopia baby, should try to eat less sweets.Eating too much garlic is bad for your eyesGarlic

16、is a very good condiment, and it has a certain preventive effect on many diseases. It is really helpful to eat in moderation. However, if long-term excessive eat garlic, especially xuhuo eye disease and often have a fever, hot flashes sweating more prosperous people eat too much garlic, will have ad

17、verse effects. Therefore, people have garlic hundred benefits and only harm the eye theory. The eye of patients during treatment, garlic, onions, must fast onions, ginger, pepper and the five other excitant food, otherwise it will affect the curative effect.2.1.2 eat too much, or partial eclipse, pi

18、cky eaters, causing eye lossEat is wrong in some sense. The more elaborate the food, the more serious the loss of nutrients (especially trace elements). Partial eclipse, picky eaters and bad habits lead to unbalanced nutritional intake, mainly manifested by insufficient intake of inorganic salts and

19、 vitamins. Scientists have found that teenagers with short sight are generally deficient in micronutrients such as chromium, calcium and vitamin b.1 inorganic salts(1) chromium can maintain the balance of eye lens osmotic pressure. If the intake of chromium is insufficient, the osmotic pressu

20、re of the eye lens is difficult to balance, and the lens will become convex, resulting in increased diopter of the eye and become myopia. Teenagers are in a period of vigorous growth and development, and the demand for chromium is much higher than that of adults. Meticulous processing rice flour los

21、e 80% chromium. Children only eat fine food for a long time, it will cause lack of chromium in the body. Chromium is found mainly in coarse grains, brown sugar, beef, yeast and other foods.(2) calcium can eliminate eyeball tension and prevent myopia. Calcium is a major regulator of neuromuscular sti

22、mulation and has the effect of removing eye tension. Calcium deficiency, neuromuscular excitability increased, extraocular muscle is in a state of high tension, increased eye pressure, axial elongation is easy; and the vision of young people and often seen in fatigue state, so it is very easy to for

23、m myopia. High calcium content in dried small shrimps, soy, milk, tofu, crisp fish and rape is also rich in calcium.(3) zinc can improve the eyesight of myopia patients. Many metabolic enzymes in the eye are related to zinc. Zinc can maintain normal metabolism of the eye. Once the zinc deficiency, t

24、he eyes will appear aqueous humor reduction, eye tissue antioxidant ability and other phenomena, serious can cause retinopathy, optic nerve atrophy. Studies have shown that zinc and serum zinc levels in adolescents with myopia are significantly lower than those with normal vision.Zinc is rich in ani

25、mal foods, lean meat, animal offal and so on are good sources of zinc. Chinese cabbage is also a good source of zinc.(4) selenium is very important to the visual organs. Selenium is abundant in the cells of the retina, iris and lens. Investigation data confirms, the child with poor eyesight, after t

26、aking selenium method, after 1 years of treatment, the improvement rate of eyesight can amount to 85%. Originally, selenium is an important component of antioxidant enzymes, can prevent the damage of free radicals to the retina, and protect the eyesight. Sea cucumber is one of the foods with the hig

27、hest selenium content. Seafood, animal offal, lean meat, Cereals, dairy products, mushrooms, garlic, and so on, are also high in selenium.(5) copper is an important component of the eye tissue. The amount of copper in the iris and ciliary body of the eye tissue is very much, and the second is the pi

28、gment epithelium of the retina. Lack of copper results in eye muscle damage and can lead to pigmentary degeneration of the retina that affects vision. The study found that the serum copper levels of myopia patients decreased significantly, and urine copper was also lower than that of normal people.

29、Lean pork is one of the foods with the highest copper content. Animal liver, sesame, rape, soybean and taro are also rich in copper. vitamins(1) low intake of lutein results in visual deterioration. Lutein is a carotenoid, a rich source of fresh green leafy vegetables and citrus fruits. Lutei

30、n is the macula of the retina (the macula is an important part of the eye of the human eye, equivalent to the photographic plate, and the film becomes dark and cannot be sensitized and cannot be imaged clearly. Macular degeneration, vision loss, until visual loss Has an important protective role. St

31、atistics show that the incidence of myopia among urban students is far higher than that of rural students. The main reason is that the rural children every day to eat directly from the ground to the green vegetables, lutein intake sufficient; in comparison, city children intake of fresh green vegeta

32、bles is much less, the relative lack of lutein intake.(2) vitamin A is the eye defender of the computer family. Vitamin A can prevent corneal dryness and degeneration, eliminate eye fatigue and prevent vision loss. Animal liver, Cod Liver Oil, eggs and other foods rich in vitamin A, plant foods such

33、 as carrots, sweet potatoes, red apricot, persimmon, tomato and other vitamin A element (i.e., carotene) in the body into vitamin A.(3) vitamin B1 is one of the sources of visual nerve nutrition. Acetylcholine plays an important role in nerve conduction. Vitamin B1 deficiency, will hinder the format

34、ion of acetylcholine, resulting in optic nerve conduction disorders, affecting the eyes, cornea, Qu Guang regulate the normal function of the muscle, resulting in vision loss. In the rough rice, grains, beans, animal offal and meat, vitamin B1 content is more.2.1.3 eat too little hard food, leading

35、to increased myopia in adolescentsEating hard foods can promote facial muscle (especially the muscles that dominate the eye), thereby effectively regulating the eye. Japanese researchers found that soft diet is often like to eat hard food vision have different degrees of decline, so chewing is known

36、 as the offbeat eye exercises.2.2, near the eye, excessiveThe age of 1218 is the period when teenagers are curious. Reading, homework, watching TV, playing video games and other activities take longer and longer,Keep the eyes in sight for a long time. Long time continuous eye, will lead to increased

37、 visual burden, eye adjustment tension. The first symptoms of visual fatigue, forehead swollen, eyes dry, blurred vision, and even the pain; if not promptly relieve eye fatigue, eye adjustment will have excessive tension, even to see the distance, eye muscle can flexibly relax, forming long eyesight

38、 myopia, this is called pseudo myopia; further development will inevitably lead to the ocular axial length, the formation of myopia. Therefore, the 1820 year old is also a high incidence of juvenile myopia. However, it is gratifying that this phase of myopia is pseudomyopia, if using appropriate met

39、hods such as conditioning, after a period of rest, far vision can be restored to normal, light music can disappear myopia. Therefore, as long as teenagers consciously abandon their unscientific eye habits and behaviors, the incidence of myopia will be greatly reduced.Common adverse behavior with the

40、 eye: reading and writing posture is not correct, with eyes too close; visual environment (Cai Guang) bad; a long time at the TV and computer (modern primary and middle school students are called TV generation).2.3 irrational use of drugsAt present, drugs (especially antibiotics) abuse phenomenon is

41、 very common, the specific performance in the following aspects: each medication dose; each medication varieties (General requirements with a drug that does not exceed 3); frequent dressing, take 1 2 times the effect is not obvious without taking medicine for new drugs; etc. Drug abuse has serious c

42、onsequences. Light causes the patient to become resistant and threatens the health of the patient. Such as: chloramphenicol and streptomycin in the normal dose of long-term use can cause injury of the optic nerve, optic neuritis or optic atrophy, allergic patients even using related eye drops, also

43、can appear periorbital edema and conjunctivitis; prednisone and other steroids can cause retinal pigment layer inflammation and corneal thickness, long term use can make the lens haze caused cataract; aspirin can cause retinal hemorrhage; indomethacin can cause blurred vision, blindness, retinopathy

44、 etc.Therefore, allergic patients, long-term medication should pay close attention to the symptoms of the eye, once there is discomfort, should promptly contact the doctor, so as not to cause eye damage.2.4 genetic factorsAccording to statistics, if the normal vision of children with myopia number a

45、s the benchmark, one of the parents of myopia is 2.6 times the number of myopia; both parents are 3.8 times the number of myopic patients. Moreover, the genetic predisposition of middle and high myopia is more obvious.Therefore, if parents are nearsighted, it is necessary to pay special attention to

46、 childrens eye habits, learning environment and diet mix, so as to minimize the age of children suffering from myopia.2.5 lack of outdoor activitiesGreen hills, green water, green plants and fresh air are the patron saint of eyes. Develop a good habit of daily exercise, not only can alleviate eye fa

47、tigue, and can activate cells, is the most ideal eye care method. But do not ignore the glare of the eye damage, so go out on the outing, it is best to wear protective visor and sun mirror.3 prevention and treatment of adolescent myopia dietA reasonable diet structure plays an important role in prot

48、ecting young peoples eyesight. One prevention is better than 10 treatments.! Therefore, young people should pay attention to eye hygiene, to develop scientific eye habits, and insist on eating some food for the eyes, take preventive measures.If you already suffer from myopia, one hand to actively co

49、operate with the doctor for correction and treatment; on the other hand, but also consciously change bad eating habits, adjust dietary structure is not scientific, the extra candy food intake. Medicine and food sharing, will produce twice the result with half the effort.3.1 develop good eating habit

50、s and behaviorsPoor eating habits and behaviors are the major causes of micronutrient deficiencies. (1) should eat or not eat snacks (especially eat confectionery), natural substances eat nutrients. Most of the snacks are fine processed food, and a lot of trace elements have been lost during the pro

51、cess. In addition, most snacks have high sugar content. (2) correct the bad habit of partial eclipse and picky eaters, and ensure the variety of food. (3) eat more roughage, brown rice, less food processing, too fine food, to maximize the retention of micronutrients. (4) eat more hard food. Chewing

52、carrots, nuts, fruits, soybeans and other hard food, can promote eye muscle movement, improve the ability to regulate the eyes.3.2, adjust the dietary structure, to ensure balanced nutritionIn the daily diet should pay attention to reasonable collocation, balanced diet, in order to give full play to the synergy of various nutrients. Young people usually diet to achieve: (1) appropriate increase in fish, meat, milk, eggs, to ensure adequate protein supply. (2) guarantee the calcium supply. Pork ribs soup, shrimp, bean products, milk is not only rich