Module+6+Unit+3+Reading+知识点部分(教师用)

1、Unit 3 Reading 知识点部分编制：焦小飞 审阅：焦小飞2013.10.71. (P33) In Thailand, people greet each other by putting their hands together and bowing.在泰国，人们见面时通过双手合十并鞠躬来互致问候。考点greet vt与某人打招呼（或向某人问候）；欢迎，迎接(=welcome)e.g. He greeted us with a smile. 他微笑着向我们打招呼。He greeted all the guests warmly as they arrived. 客人到达时他都热情接待

2、。拓展be greeted with受到（欢呼、怀疑等）greeting n.C, U问候，招呼；迎接exchange greetings = greet each other 互相问候send greetings to sb. = give regards to sb 向某人问候e.g. His proposals were greeted with cheers. 他的建议赢得了一片喝彩。He raised his hand in greeting. 他举手致意。As the New Year is quickly approaching, I take this opportunity

3、to send my greetings and best wishes to you for 2013. 值此2013年即将到来之际，我谨向您致以最美好的祝愿和问候。即学即用：翻译Its a common way to greet each other by shaking hands. 握手是一种被普遍接受的问候方式。His speech was greeted with cheers. 他的讲话赢得了一片喝彩。2. (P33) In South America, you can expect to be hugged when you meet someone.=It is likely

4、 / probable that you will be hugged when you meet someone.=Youre likely to be hugged when you meet someone.考点expect vt. 预料，预期；等待，期待； sth. (of / from sb.) 要求，指望；猜想，认为e.g. You cant expect to learn a foreign language in a few months.不要指望在几个月内就能学会一门外语。House prices are expected to rise sharply. 预计房价会急剧上涨

5、。Many people were expecting (that) the peace talks would break down.许多人预料和平谈判会破裂。It is expected that the report will suggest some major reforms. 预计这个报告会提出一些重大改革。I didnt expect him to be a successful writer. 我没想到他会成为一个成功的作家。He is still getting over his illness, so dont expect too much from him.他仍处于康复

6、期，所以不要对他期望过高。-Are you going out tonight? 你今晚要出去吗？-I expect so. / I dont expect so. 我想会的。/ 我想不会吧。3. (P34) Cultural differences 文化差异考点difference n差别，差异；争端，分歧e.g. There are many differences in greeting ways in different countries. 不同国家之间的问候方式有很多差异。Theyve settled their differences and made up with each

7、other again. 他们已解决了争端，重修旧好。拓展tell the difference 区分，区别make a (big) difference 有（很大）影响make no difference （对某物）根本没影响；（对某人）不重要，无所谓differ vi. 不同different adj. 不同的A differs from B (in sth.) = A be different from B (in sth.) A（在方面）不同于Be.g. Lily differs from Lucy in character, although they are twins. 尽管莉莉

8、和露西是双胞胎，但姐俩性格不同。Old English differs from the English we speak now. 古英语和我们现在所说的英语有差别。= Old English is different from the English we speak now.即学即用：翻译When youre learning to drive, having a good coach makes a difference. 学驾驶，有个好教练差别可大了。ground n. (an area of interest, knowledge or ideas) （兴趣、知识或思想的）范围，领

9、域put sth. aside (to ignore orforget sth, usually a feeling or adifference of opinion)忽视，不理睬，忘记求同存异。 Seek common ground while putting aside differences.即学即用：改写句子It makes no difference to me who will win the election. =It doesnt matter to me who will win the election. =Its the same to me who will win

10、the election. =Its not important to me who will win the election.4. (line 7) Waled, why dont you tell her about the British teacher who opened the present as soon as he received it at the end-of-term ceremony?瓦利德，你为什么不跟她讲讲那位英国老师在期末典礼上一收到礼物就打开的事呢？考点Why dont you do sth.？句型表示建议，Why not do sth.？也具有同样的功能

11、。Why not? 作为答语时表示赞同。e.g. Why dont you buy a book about cultural differences before you go abroad?出国前为什么不买本关于文化差异的书呢？Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? Thats where the best jobs are. 鲍勃，为什么不到市中心去碰碰运气呢？那儿才有最好的工作。Lets go outing this weekend! 这个周末去郊游吧！Why not? / I cant agree more. 好哇。/ 好主意！高考链接We coul

12、d invite John and Barbara to the Friday night party. Yes, _? Ill give them a call right now. (2011高考全国卷)A. why not B. what for C. why D. what考点as soon as 引导时间状语从句，表示“一就”。拓展英语中表示“一就”含义的表达方式还有：immediately, instantly, directly;the moment (second, minute, instant); hardly when, no sooner than; on/upon d

13、oing; at sth.On hearing the bad news, she burst into tears. 一听到这个坏消息，她就失声痛哭。= At the bad news, she burst into tears. 即学即用：单项选择Just use this room for the time being, and well offer you a larger one _ it becomes available.A. as soon as B. unlessC. as far as D. until5. (line 11) Well, its what we do in

14、 the West. 嗯，我们在西方就是这样做的。考点本句中what we do in the West为表语从句，在从句中what作do的宾语。what在名词性从句中可以作主语、宾语和表语。如果名词性从句中不缺少成分就用that。e.g. What I want to know is who will take my place. （what作know的宾语）What matters most is who wi11 take my place. （what作主语）China is no longer what used to be. （what作be的表语）高考链接Modern scien

15、ce has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases.A. what B. which C. that D. whereBefore a problem can be solved, it must be obvious_ the problem itself is. A. what B. that C. which D. why_ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom6. (

16、line 7) Roosters are supposed to drive bad spirits away from the wedding ceremony, and hens are thought to ensure good luck for the marriage. 公鸡被认为是用来辟邪的，而母鸡则被认为能给婚姻带来好运。考点1be supposed to do 应该；被期望e.g. Everyone is supposed to wear a seat-belt in the car. 每个人在汽车里都应该系安全带。The train was supposed to arri

17、ve half an hour ago. 火车本应在半小时之前到达。即学即用：写出下列句子中画线部分的中文意思The game was not as one-sided as we had supposed. 猜想We have no reason to suppose that he has done anything illegal. 认为You are supposed to make a copy of the contract before you mail it. 应该The restaurant is generally supposed to make excellent di

18、shes. 被普遍认为I dont suppose you know her telephone number. 我想你不知道-I think their new building is really impressive. -Well, I suppose so. 我想是吧Let us suppose that you spend one hour in learning English every day. 假设Suppose/Supposing you won the lottery, what would you do with the money? 假设，假如即学即用：单项选择-Yo

19、u can have a pet dog, but _ you get bored with it in a few days, then what? - We wont, we promise! A. unless B. until C. before D. suppose高考链接- You should apologize to her, Barry.- _, but its not going to be easy. A. I suppose so B. I feel soC. I prefer to D. I like to考点2sb./sth. is/are thought to d

20、o = It is thought that 人们认为 e.g. Hens are thought to ensure good luck for the marriage.= It is thought that hens can ensure good luck for the marriage. 考点3ensure = insure vt. 保证，担保，确保句型：ensure sth.= make sure of sthensure that= make sure thatsee to it thate.g. Measures must be taken to ensure their

21、safety. 必须采取措施，确保他们的安全。This medicine will ensure you a good nights sleep. 这药能保证你睡一夜好觉。I cant ensure his being on time. 我不能保证他的准时。Please ensure (that) all lights are switched off. 请务必将所有灯都关掉。即学即用：改写句子e.g. Ensure that all the lights are turned off when you leave. = Make sure that all the lights are tu

22、rned off when you leave.= See to it that all the lights are turned off when you leave.7. (line 20) During the ceremony, the hen laid an egg, and everyone congratulated the new couple because it was considered very luck.考点congratulate sb. (on sth.) 向（某人）祝贺 oneself (on sth.) （为成就或成功）感到高兴/自豪e.g. 我祝贺你的伟

23、大发现。I congratulate you on your great discovery. 他庆幸自己在空难中幸免于死。 He congratulated himself on having survived the air-crash.拓展congratulation n. 祝贺；贺词Congratulations! （用以向人祝贺）祝贺，贺喜e.g. I send you my warmest congratulations on your success. 我对你的成功致以最热烈的祝贺。Youve passed your driving test! Congratulations!

24、你驾驶测验合格了! 恭喜！ 8. (line 25) Another difference is that while we serve food, soft drinks, tea and coffee, alcohol is not permitted at the wedding reception-in fact, alcohol is altogether prohibited in Brunei. 另一个不同点是：婚宴上我们供应食物、软饮料、茶和咖啡，但不许喝酒 事实上，酒在文莱是完全禁止的。考点1permit v. (permitted, permitted) 允许，准许；使有可

25、能e.g. Students are not permitted to take the books out of the reading room.学生不准把书带出阅览室。Well discuss both questions if time permits. = Well discuss both questions, time permitting.如果时问允许，我们将把两个问题都讨论一下。拓展permit n.（管理部门颁发的）许可证e.g. You mustnt park here unless you have a permit. 没有许可证此处禁止停车。辨析permit和allo

26、w两者均可表示“允许”，从用法上看，两者后接动词作宾语时，均要用动名词形式，而不能用动词不定式，即：allow/permit doing sth. 若其后接有名词或代词，那么其后须接动词不定式作宾语补足语。即：allow/permit sb. to do sth.1) permit通常指上级、规则或法令等表示的准许，其语气较重、较正式。2) allow通常指不加反对，有时含有听任或默许之意，语气较轻。e.g. The nurse allowed him to remain there, though it was not permitted. 护士让他留在那儿，而按规定那是不允许的。即学即用：

27、改写句子Weather permitting, well go for a picnic tomorrow.= If the weather permits, well go for a picnic tomorrow. 即学即用：单项选择Micro blogging, or Weibo, as is known in China, _ users to send short messages up to 140 characters, is very popular among young people. (2012南京高三二模)A. expecting B. taking C. encou

28、raging D. allowing高考链接Passengers are permitted _ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A. to carry B. carryingC. to be carried D. being carried考点2prohibit vt.（以法令，规定等）禁止；阻止；使不可能prohibit sth. 禁止某事（指法律层面禁止，比ban更正式）prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事prohibit sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事e.g. Smoking is str

29、ictly prohibited inside the factory. 工厂内严禁吸烟。Nuclear powers are are prohibited from selling this techno1ogy. 禁止核大国出售该项技术。拓展1prohibition n.U（尤指通过法律的）禁止，阻止； C禁令e.g. The government will issue a prohibition against selling alcohol to people under the age of 18.政府即将出台一条禁令，禁止向18岁以下人群售酒。拓展2forbid vt. (forb

30、ade，forbidden) “禁止，不许”，普通用语，比prohibit通俗，用于较小事物，或个人、上级、官方、长辈做出的禁止命令、规定，或客观条件不允许。forbid sb. from doing sth. 不准某人做某事forbid sb. to do sth. 不准某人做某事ban n. / vt.“禁止，禁令”，指合法地或由于社会压力而禁止，含谴责或不赞成的态度。ban sth. 禁止某事（指法律层面禁止）ban sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事lift the ban on sth. 解除对禁令e.g. The government has lifted th

31、e ban on the fireworks.政府解除了燃放烟花爆竹的禁令。即学即用：翻译e.g. They made a law to prohibit doctors from advertising their services. 他们制定了一条法规来禁止医生为他们的服务做广告。9. (line 36) However, in Brunei that can cause offence, so we use our thumb to point. 但在文莱这样做会冒犯别人，所以我们用大拇指来指东西。考点offence nc罪行，犯罪，犯罪活动(=crime)U冒犯；侮辱e.g. He w

32、as not aware that he had committed an offence他没意识到自己的行为已经构成了犯罪。Im sure he meant no offence when he said that. 我确信他的那番话不是故意要冒犯你。拓展offensive adj冒犯性的；攻击性的；无礼的offend vt. 冒犯，得罪；触怒 (hurt the feelings of sb.)e.g. Try to avoid using_offensive words while speaking. 说话时尽量避免用一些攻击性话言。即学即用：改写句子His comments offen

33、ded many single women. =His comments were offensive to many single women. 即学即用：翻译如果有冒犯之处，请原谅。Im sorry if Ive offended you.I cant afford to offend such an important official. 这样重要的官员我惹不起。10. (line 36) Its quite funny watching the new foreign teachers trying to adjust to doing that.看新来的外教努力学这个动作的样子很是滑

34、稽。考点1动名词作主语常用于以下结构：It + be / seem + no good / no use / useless / funny + doing sth.e.g. Its no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。Its no good reading without full understanding. 读书而不充分理解是没有益处的。考点2adjust vt. sth. (to sth.) 调整，调节，校准vi. (to sth. / to doing sth.) / (oneself to sth.) 适应，习惯e.g. This button

35、is for adjusting the volume. 这个按钮是调节音量的。You can adjust the table to the height of any child. 你可以根据孩子的身高来调节桌子。He adjusted very quickly to the climate of the country. 他很快适应了该国的气候。After a while his eyes adjusted to the dark. 过了一会儿他的眼睛习惯了黑暗。It took her a while to adjust to living alone. 她过了一段时间才适应独自生活。Y

36、oull quickly adjust yourself to college life. 你将很快适应大学生活。辨析adjust和adapt adjust（内容见上） adapt vt. 改编；改装；改变以适应。当表示“改变以适应”时，adjust和adapt可以互换。e.g. He adapted the world-famous novel for a movie.他把这部世界著名的小说改编成了一部电影。He adapted his old car engine to the boat. 他把他的旧汽车上的引擎用到那只船上。The cars fuel system was adapted

37、 to take unleaded gas. 汽车的燃油系统已被改成使用无铅汽油。The body adjusts /adapts (itself) to changes of temperature. 身体会自行适应温度的变化。You must adjust /adapt (yourself) to new conditions. 你必须使自己适应新的环境。即学即用：完成句子e.g. 她用了很长时间才适应离婚后一个人的生活。It took her quite a while to adjust / adapt to living alone after the divorce.这部热播的电视

38、剧改编自一部知名小说。The popular TV play is adapted from a well-known novel.11. (line 39) Many foreigners have trouble getting accustomed to it. 很多外国朋友很难适应这种做法。考点accustom vt. 使习惯于accustom oneself to (doing) sth. 使自己习惯于be/get accustomed to (doing) sth. = be/get used to (doing) sth习惯于（to为介词，后接动名词作宾语）e.g. Childr

39、en are quick to accustom themselves to new surroundings. 孩子们很快就可以适应新的环境。I have been accustomed to staying up (late) at night. 我已经习惯了晚上熬夜。拓展类似的搭配还有:be devoted to (doing) sth. 专注于做某事be committed to (doing) sth. 承诺做某事；致力于e.g. She is committed to the education of the children from remote mountainous are

40、as. 她致力于偏远山区孩子的教育。即学即用：完成句子e.g. People living in large cities have got used / accustomed to waiting for a long time because of heavy traffic jams every day. 住在大城市的居民每天因为交通拥堵不得不等很长时问，他们已经习惯了。即学即用：改写句子e.g. Villagers in the distant mountainous area have got accustomed to living without electricity .=Vi

41、llagers in the distant mountainous area have got used / accustomed to living without electricity.12. (line 43) Even though we share the same language-with different accents, of course-our customs are not always alike. 尽管我们的语言是相同的当然口音不同然而我们的风俗并不总是相似。考点alike adj. 相像；十分相似 adv. 十分相像地；同样地e.g. The two off

42、ice buildings are somewhat alike in appearance. 这两座办公楼在外形上有点相似。Good management benefits employers and employees alike. 良好的管理对雇主和雇员同样有利。13. (line 46) I have fond childhood memories of Bonfire Night, but my American friends are not familiar with that particular festival. 我有童年时篝火节的温馨回忆，但我的美国朋友对那个特别的节日竟

43、然不太了解。考点1fond adj. of sb. / of (doing) sth. 喜爱，喜欢only before noun深情的，温情的，慈爱的；（指希望）难以实现的，痴想的e.g. a fond look / embrace / farewell 慈爱的目光；温情的拥抱；深情的告别I have very fond memories of my time in Paris. 我十分怀念以前在巴黎的时光。I waited all day in the fond hope that she would change her mind. 我整天等待，痴心希望她回心转意。考点2familiar

44、 adj. 熟悉的；常见的(sb) be familiar with sth（某人）对很熟悉(sth) be familiar to sb （某物）为某人所熟知e.g. I am familiar with his character. 我熟悉他的性格。The play is nearly familiar to everyone in this country. 这部戏在这个国家几乎是家喻户晓。拓展unfamiliar adj. (to sb.) 陌生的，不熟悉的； (with sth.) 无.的知识（或经验）即学即用：翻译我对他的伎俩非常了解，所以我才没有上当。 (familiar; fa

45、ll for) I was familiar with his tricks, so I didnt fall for them.如果你对所申请的大学很熟悉，成功的把握会大些。 You are more likely to succeed if you are quite familiar with the university you will apply for.I began to feel at home in the new school when I saw some_ faces.A. familiar B. similar C. particular D. popular13.

46、 (line 49) Oh, its a celebration that takes place on November 5th every year. 喔，这个庆祝活动在每年的11月5日举行。考点celebration n. U庆祝，祝贺； in celebration of 为了庆祝.C庆典 hold a celebration 举办庆典celebrate vt. 庆祝，庆贺（节日、生日、胜利）；赞美，歌颂celebrated adj. 著名的，闻名的e.g. John and I will celebrate our fiftieth wedding anniversary next

47、month. 我和约翰准备下个月庆祝我们的金婚纪念日。即学即用：单项选择A party was held _ the breakthrough made in the development of the new material.A. in favour of B. in case of C. in need of D. in celebration of14. (line 46) Though the festivals may share some things in common, they are not the same. 尽管这些节日有一些共同点，但他们并不完全相同。考点1sha

48、re vt共有，分享；n. 份额e.g. Two Americans will share this years Nobel Prize for Medicine.两位美国人将共同摘得今年的诺贝尔医学奖。They share a common interest in playing golf. 他们俩有个共同的兴趣爱好就是打高尔夫球。考点2common adj普通的事物adj普遍的，常见的；共同的；普通的，平凡的 (=ordinary)e.g. Heart disease is one of the common causes of death. 心脏病是常见的死因之一。Cars have b

49、ecome part of life of common families in China. 在中国，汽车已经步人普通百姓家。拓展in common共有have in common (with sb.) （与）有共同之处（或相同的特点）be in common with sb. /sth与相同common sense 常识common practice常规做法e.g. What do these statements have in common? 这些陈述有何共同之处呢？Common sense is not sense common to everyone, but sense in common things. 常识不是人人都有的知识，而是关于常见事物的知识。即学即用：翻译尽管我们俩是兄弟，但我们没有共同之处。Although we are brothers, we have nothing in common