中物院新聘人员英语模拟试卷

1、2010年新聘用人员英语考试模拟试卷 (120分钟) 准考证号 姓名 单位 密封线内请不要答题Part I Listening Comprehension (15 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversatio

2、n and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D , and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题

3、卡上作答。11.A The man had better sleep for a while.B The man should do some physics exercise.C The man should be alert about his report.D The man had better make some physical exercises.12.A Both speakers think half of the staff are efficient.B The woman has a favorable opinion of the staff.C Neither of

4、 them has a favorable opinion of the staff.D The woman is a restaurant manager herself.13.A To take an English test. B To watch War and Peace. C To stay home and study. D To go to the theatre with the man.14.A About a month. B About one week.C About three weeks. D About two weeks.15.A Georges brothe

5、r. B Georges wife.C Georges father. D Georges father-in-law.16.AAt a library B At the airport.CAt the post office. D At the teachers office.17.A The man might be a teacher.B The man does not attend the morning class.C The woman will have a nightmare if she gets up early.D The woman feels the same as

6、 the man on getting up early.18.A The woman should first sign a one-year lease.B The woman can move in a week later.C The woman should paint the whole house.D The woman cannot rent the apartment.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A He is going to travel. B He is

7、going to take a class.C He is going to find a job. D He will go abroad.20.A She needs to work but also see her parents.B She lives so far away.C She has no time to visit her parents.D Her parents wont be back.21.A Travel around the area. B Volunteer their services.C Teach in some schools. D Visit re

8、latives in the area.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22.A He failed in mathematics. B He failed in chemistry.C He has been ill. D He misses Carrie.23.A To make up the quiz. B To get some medicine.C To pick up her notes. D To find out how to make up the lessons and

9、 experiment.24.A Mathematics. B Chemistry. C Marketing. D Not mentioned.25.A Indifferent. B Concerned. C Upset. D Apologetic.Part Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on A

10、nswer Sheet1. For questions 26-32, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. For questions33-35, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Pollution: A Life and Death IssueOne of the main themes of Planet under Pressure is the way many of the Earths en

11、vironmental crises reinforce one another. Pollution is an obvious examplewe do not have the option of growing food, or finding enough water, on a squeaky-clean planet, but on one increasingly tarnished and trashed by the way we have used it so far.Cutting waste and clearing up pollution cost money.

12、Yet time and again it is the quest for wealth that generates much of the mess in the first place. Living in a way that is less damaging to the Earth is not easy, but it is vital, because pollution is pervasive and often life-threatening.Air: the World Health Organization (WHO) says three million peo

13、ple are killed worldwide by outdoor air pollution annually from vehicles and industrial emissions, and 1.6 million indoors through using solid fuel. Most are in poor countries.Water: diseases carried in water are responsible for 80% of illnesses and deaths in developing countries, killing a child ev

14、ery eight seconds. Each year 2.1 million people die from diarrhoeal(痢疾的) diseases associated with poor water.Soil: contaminated land is a problem in industrialized countries, where former factories and power stations can leave waste like heavy metals in the soil. It can also occur in developing coun

15、tries, sometimes used for dumping pesticides. Agriculture can pollute land with pesticides, nitrate-rich fertilizers and slurry from livestock. And when the contamination reaches rivers it damages life there, and can even create dead zones off the coast, as in the Gulf of Mexico.Chronic ProblemChemi

16、cals are a frequent pollutant. When we think of chemical contamination it is often images of events like Bhopal that come to mind. But the problem is widespread. One study says 7-20% of cancers are attributable to poor air and pollution in homes and workplaces. The WHO, concerned about chemicals tha

17、t persist and build up in the body, especially in the young, says we may be conducting a large-scale experiment with childrens health.Some man-made chemicals, endocrine(内分泌) disruptors like phthalates(酞酸盐) and nonylphenola breakdown product of spermicides (杀精子剂), cosmetics and detergentsare blamed f

18、or causing changes in the genitals of some animals. Affected species include polar bearsso not even the Arctic is immune. And the chemicals climb the food chain, from fish to mammals, and to us.About 70,000 chemicals are on the market, with around 1,500 new ones appearing annually. At least 30,000 a

19、re thought never to have been comprehensively tested for their possible risks to people.At first glance, the plastic buckets stacked in the comer of the environmental NGO office look like any others. But the containers are an unlikely weapon in one poor communitys fight against oil companies which t

20、hey say are responsible for widespread ill-health caused by years of pollution. The vessels are used by a network of local volunteers, known as the Bucket Brigade, to gather air samples in neighborhoods bordering oil refineries, as part of a campaign to monitor and document air pollution which they

21、believe is coming from the plants.In South Africa, as in many developing and newly industrialized countries, legislation on air pollution has failed to keep pace with mushrooming industries. So local residents, like many in poor communities around the globe, have faced the problem of investigating t

22、heir claim that industries on their doorsteps are making them sick. Trade-offBut the snag is that modem society demands many of them, and some are essential for survival. So while we invoke the precautionary principle, which always recommends erring on the side of caution, we have to recognize there

23、 will be trade-offs to be made.The pesticide DDT does great damage to wildlife and can affect the human nervous system, but can also be effective against malaria(疟疾). Where does the priority lie?The industrialized world has not yet cleaned up the mess it created, but it is reaping the benefits of th

24、e pollution it has caused. It can hardly tell the developing countries that they have no right to follow suit.Another complication in tackling pollution is that it does not respect political frontiers. There is a U.N. convention on trans-boundary air pollution, but that cannot cover every problem th

25、at can arise between neighbors, or between states which do not share a border. Perhaps the best example is climate changethe countries of the world share one atmosphere, and what one does can affect everyone.For One and AllOne of the principles that are supposed to apply here is simplethe polluter p

26、ays. Sometimes it is obvious who is to blame and who must pay the price, but it is not always straightforward to work out just who is the polluter, or whether the rest of us would be happy to pay the price of stopping the pollution.One way of cleaning up after ourselves would be to throw less away,

27、designing products to be recycled or even just to last longer.Previous generations worked on the assumption that discarding our waste was a proper way to get rid of it, so we used to dump nuclear materials and other potential hazards at sea, confident they would be dispersed in the depths.We now thi

28、nk that is too risky because, as one author wrote, theres no such place as away, and theres no such person as the other.Irritating AirDespite recent improvements, however, the health problems are still there. A 2002 medical study, carried out by Durbans Nelson Mandela School of Medicine and a U.S. u

29、niversity, found that an abnormally high 52% of students and teachers at a primary school bordering the Engen plant suffered from asthma( 哮喘). It found that increases in air pollution tended to aggravate asthma symptoms in children.The petrol producers do not dispute the findings but argue that rese

30、archers were unable to establish a causal link between air pollution and the high prevalence of asthma among the school population.For the community, the next step is to take legal action. But, according to internationally recognized environmentalist Bobby Peek, targeting the companies would be diff

31、icult as it would be near-impossible to prove that illnesses suffered were caused by pollution coming from a particular plant.Mr. Peek, who grew up beneath Engens stacks, says the activists are now considering taking action against the authorities. We are now looking at suing the government on const

32、itutional grounds, for failing to ensure our right to protection from a harmful environment as stipulated in the constitution, he said.Legislative ChangeA new batch（批) of environmental laws, the National Air Quality Management Act, has just been passed by the South African parliament to replace outd

33、ated 1965 legislation with tighter controls and tougher sanctions.Martinus van Schalkwyk, the minister of environmental affairs and tourism, visited the south Durban basin earlier this year and said there were measures in place to improve the situation. I share the anger and frustration of this comm

34、unity. It is long overdue, he told the South African Broadcasting Corporation.The local authorities have also established a Multi-Point Plan for the area. They say it is a powerful model for tackling pollution and points to a 40% reduction in sulphur dioxide emissions in recent years.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡上作

35、答26. According to World Health Organization, how many people are killed by outdoor air pollution?A 3million B 2.1 millionC 1.6million D 3.2 million27. According to the passage, land can be polluted by _ from agriculture.A heavy metals B pesticides and nitrate-poor fertilizersC slurry from livestock

36、D rubbish28. What kind of animal affected by man-made chemicals is not referred in the passage?A Polar bears. B Mammals.C People. DBirds.29. What do local residents claim for?A They are sick because of years of pollution. B They are sick because of industries on their doorsteps.C They are sick becau

37、se of pesticides from agriculture.D They are sick because of air pollution.30. The pesticide DDT can be effective against _.A malaria B wildlife C animals D human nervous system31. There is a U. N. convention that can cover _.A problem between neighborsB problem between states which do not share a b

38、orderC problems on air pollution D trans-boundary air pollution32. What is not said to be a way of cleaning up after ourselves?A Throw less away. B Design recycled products.C Dont use it again. D Last longer.33. It found that increases in air pollution tended to .34. According to Bobby Peek, targeti

39、ng the companies would be difficult as it would be near-impossible to prove that illnesses suffered were caused by .35. Martinus van Schalkwyk, the minister of environmental affairs and tourism, visited the south Durban basin earlier this year and said there were measures in place to .Part Reading C

40、omprehension (Reading in Depth) (40 minutes)Section ADirections：In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet .注

41、意：此部分试题请在答题卡上作答By the mid-nineteenth century, the term icebox had entered the American language, but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States. The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns (酒馆), and hospitals, and by so

42、me forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the Civil War (1861-1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into household use. Even before 1880, half of the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and Baltimore, and one-third of that sold in Boston

43、and Chicago, went to families for their own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the icebox, a precursor of the modem fridge, had been invented.Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early nineteenth century, the knowledge of the phys

44、ics of heat, which was essential to a science of refrigeration, was rudimentary(未发展的). The commonsense notion that the best icebox was one that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the ice that performed the cooling. Nevertheless, early efforts to economiz

45、e ice included wrapping up the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation and circulation needed for an efficient icebox.But as early as 1803, and ingenious Maryland fanner, Thomas

46、Moore, had been on the right track. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside the city of Washington, for which the village of Georgetown was the market center. When he used an icebox of his own design to transport his butter to market, he found that customers would pass up the rapidly melting stuf

47、f in the tubs of his competitors to pay a premium price for his butter, still fresh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore explained, was that fanners would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to keep their produce cool.36. What is the topic of the pa

48、ssage? 37. Where was ice used after the Civil War?38. What was essential to a science of refrigeration according to the passage?39. It can be inferred from the passage that the theoretical foundation of ice box should be that _.40. Without an ice box, fanners had to go to the market at night because

49、 _.Section BDirections: There are 3 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For ach of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line

50、through the center.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡上作答Passage OneQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Major companies are already in pursuit of commercial applications of the new biology. They dream of placing enzymes1 in the automobile to monitor exhaust and send data on pollution to a microprocessor

51、 that will then adjust the engine. They speak of what the New York Times calls metal-hungry microbes that might be used to mine valuable trace metals from ocean water. They have already demanded and won the right to patent new life-forms.Nervous critics, including many scientists, worry that there i

52、s corporate, national, international, and inter-scientific rivalry in the entire biotechnological field. They create images not of oil spills, but of microbe spills that could spread disease and destroy entire populations. The creation and accidental release of extremely poisonous microbes, however, is only one cause for alarm. Completely rational and respectable scientists are talking about possibilities that stagger th