现在完成时的用法

1、现在完成时及其考点,同学们要用心呀！我们不能总复习注意啦！,机不可失，失不再来！,考点一：考查基本概念,例 Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him .（呼和浩特） . knew . have known . must know .will know 简析：现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是。,考点二：考查时间状语,例1. He

2、 has _ been to Shanghai , has he ? A. already .never .ever . still 例2. Have you met Mr Li _？ . just . ago .before . a moment ago 例3. The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year . . is writing .was writing .wrote .has written 例4. Our country _ a lot so far . Yes . I hope it will be even _ .

3、 . has changed ; well . changed ; good . has changed ; better . changed ; better 例5. Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years . . was ; studying . will ; study . has ; studied . are ; studying 例6. We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . . know . had known . have known . knew 例7. Harry Pott

4、er is a very nice film .I_ it twice . . will see . have seen . saw .see,简析：现在完成时的时间状语常有如下四类： 现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，好）， ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不），before （以前），yet（仍然）等连用。故例1应选B；例2应选 现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。

5、故例3应选D，例4应选C。 现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。故例5应选C，例6应选C。现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次）， several times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。故例7应选B。,考点三：考查与一般过去时的区别,例1. These farmers have been to the United States . Really ? When _ there ? . will they go . did they go . do they go . have they go

6、ne 例2._ you _ your homework yet ? Yes . I _ it a moment ago . . Did ; do ; finished . Have ; done ; finished . Have ; done ; have finished . will ; do ; finish 简析：现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作，它不与表示过去的时间状语（

7、如yesterday , last week , a moment ago等）连用。故例、的正确答案皆为B。,考点四：考查非延续性动词的用法,例1. His father _ the Party since 1978 . . joined . has joined . was in . has been in 例2.Do you know him well ? Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago . . were . have been . have become . have made 例3.How long have you _ here ? Ab

8、out two months . . been . gone . come . arrived 例4. Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes . . has begun . had begun . has been on . began 例5. His uncle died two years ago .（改变句子，句意不变） His uncle has _ for two years 例6. Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句） Her mother _ the Party th

9、ree years _ . 例7. It _ ten years since he left the army . . is . has . will . was,简析：现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。常用的非延续性动词及替代形式如下： closebe closed, put on-wear , openbe open get upbe up, finish/endbe over , losebe lost , marrybe married(to), fall asleep/ go to sleep be asl

10、eep , get to know know ,come/arrivebe here/in , come/get backbe back , go/leave-be away , become be , borrow keep , buyhave , begin/startbe on , diebe dead , joinbe in/be a member of , catch a cold have a cold等， 故例1、2、3、4的正确答案依次为：D、B、A、C。例5应填been dead 。其次，可以用相应的延续性动词的过去时表示，故例6应填joined；ago。再次，还可用“It is + 一段时间since从句”来表示，故例应选A。,考点五：考查词组have/has been in / to与have/has gone to的区别,例1. Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library . .has gone . went .will go . has been 例2. My parents _ Shandong for ten years . . have been in . have been to . have gone to .h