高中英语定语从句练习题带答案

1、一 定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。汉语中常用的表示。 |定语主要由形容词担任。此外名词、代词、数词、副词、介词短语以及动词不|定式（短语）、分词也可以做定语。a be|autiful city; a bag full of money.注意：汉|语的定语无论多长都放在被修饰词的前面，而英语中的定语则不然，是一个词时，放在被修|饰词的前面， 若是两个以上的词组、短语或从句则放在被修饰词的后面，thi|rty women teachers ; |his father; the girl in red. the b|oy from America Our monitor is alw

2、ays t|he first student to ente|r the classroom. fa|lling leaves; fallen leaves; |the boy playing basketball; th|e book bought by my mother; a reading room; a swimming poolHe is the man who you are looking for. 二：定义及相关术语1定语从句：修饰某一名词|或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。2先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。3关系词：引导定语|从句的

3、词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有th|at, which, who, whom, who|se, as等；关系副词有when, where, why.|1. I have an apple. An apple is |red.I have an apple tha|t/which is red. 先行词 关系代词|2.I like some friends. Some friends lik|e sports.I like friends who like spor|ts. 先行词 关系代词3.I lik|e music. The music is quiet. I like

4、 music that/which is quiet.|先行词 关系代词关系词通常有下列三个作用：A|、引导定语从句，连接主从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。（二）关系代词引导的定语从句1who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。The boys who are playing f|ootball are from Class One. Those who want to go to the museum |must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. Yesterday |I helped an old man who had

5、lo|st his way. That is the teacher who |teaches us physics. 2whom 指人，|在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on th|e bus. Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. The prof|essor ( whom ) you ar|e waiting for has come. Th|e girl ( whom ) the teacher often |praises is our

6、 monitor. 注意：关系代词whom |在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。|The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old fri|end. 3Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语|或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。Football i|s a game which is liked by most boys. |He likes to read books which are wri|tten by foreign writers. The house which is by the lake looks n|ice. Thi

7、s is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. The film ( which ) they went to see last n|ight was not interesting at all. 。 4That 即可指人，也可指物.。在定语|从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。The number of people that / who come to visit this city |each year reaches one mi|llion. Where is the man t|hat / whom I saw this morning?

8、 Th|e person that /whom you introduced |to me is very kind. T|he season that / which co|mes after spring is su|mmer. Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Aust|ralia. 5Whose 即可指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。I visited a scie|ntist whose name is known all over the |country. He has a friend whos|e fa

9、ther is a doctor. I o|nce lived in the hous|e whose roof has fallen in. 注意：指|物时，常用下列结构来代替：The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.The |classroom the door of which is broken wi|ll soon be repaired.Do you li|ke the book whose cover is yellow?D|o you like the book th|e cover of which i

10、s yellow? （一）限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的情况1当先行|词是everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), al|l, none, few, little, some等不定代|词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few|, much等不定代词修饰时。如：Have you taken d|own everything that Mr. Li said? There seems to be no|thing that is impossibl|e to him in the

11、 world. All that can |be done has been done. 。There is little that I can do for you. |He stayed in the library and looked up |any information that they needed. 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who，如：Any man that / who has a sense of duty wont do such a thing. All the guests that / who were invited to her weddin|

12、g were important people. 2当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：The first place that they visite|d in London was the Big Be|n. 3当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如：This is the best film that I have ev|er seen. 4当先行词被the very, the only修饰时。如：This is the very dictionary that I want to buy. After the fire in his house, |the old car is the only t

13、hing that he owns. 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。如：Wang Hua is the on|ly person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如：Who is the m|an that is standing by the |gate? Which is the T-shirt that |fits me most? 6当先行词为人与物时。如：They tal|ked about the persons and th|ings that they re

14、membered at |school （三）关系副词引导的定语从句1 when 指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。当先行词是表时间的|名词，比如time, day, week, month, year等；且|定语从句中缺时间状语时用when. 若先行词|是表时间的名词，定语从句中缺主语或宾语时，用that/which引导。I s|till remember the day when I fi|rst came to this school. The time when we got together finally arr|ived. Do you remember the years whe

15、n h|e lived in the countryside with his gr|andpare？Do you remember the days（that/w|hich） we spent together last year? I will never forget th|e days when we spent our hol|idays together. I will never f|orget the days that / which we spen|t together. 2 where 指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。若先行词是表地点的名词|，比如park, city,

16、farm, pla|ce等；且定语从句中缺地点状语时用where. 若先行词是表地点的名词，定语从句|中缺主语或宾语时，用that/which引导。Shanghai is the city where I was born. 上海是我出生的城市。|The house where I lived ten year|s ago has been pulled down. I visi|ted the farm where a lot of cows were r|aised . Shanghai is the city (which/th|at) I want to visit.I know a

17、pl|ace where we can have a picnic. I know a place which / that is famous |for its beautiful natu|ral scenery. 3 why 指原|因，在定语从句中作原因状语。若先行词是rea|son; 且定语从句中缺原因状语时，用wh|y引导。若先行词是reason，定语从句中缺主|语或宾语，用which/that引导。 Please tell me |the reason why you missed |the plane. I dont know the reason why he looks un

18、happy to|day. I didnt belie|ve the reason (that/w|hich) he explained to me 注意：关系副词引导的定语从句|经常可以用“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句来表示。如：|From the years when / in which he was going t|o primary school in the countr|y he had known what h|e wanted to be when he grew up. |Great changes are taking place in the c|ity where

19、/ in which t|hey live. The reason why / for which |he refused the invitatio|n is quite clear. （四）“介词+关系代词which/whom”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾|语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。The school (w|hich / that) he once studied in is very famous.The school in which he once studied is very famous. Tomorro|w Ill bring here the

20、magazin|e (which / that) you as|ked for.Tomorrow Ill br|ing here the magazine for which you asked. This is the boy (whom / who / th|at) I played tennis with y|esterday.This is the boy with whom I |played tennis with yesterd|ay. Well go to hear the famous singe|r (whom / who / that) we have often tal

21、ked about.Well go t|o hear the famous singer abo|ut whom we have often talked. T|he manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our wo|rking conditions.The manager |in whose company I work pays much at|tention to improving our working conditi|ons.注意： 含有介词的固定短语动词|一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的

22、后面。如|：look for, look after, |take care of 等。This is the watch (which / that) I am lo|oking for. (正) This is the watch f|or which I am looking . (误)The bab|ies (whom / who / that) the nur|se is looking after are ver|y healthy. (正) The babies after whom the nurse is looking are ver|y healthy. （误）若介词放在

23、关系代词前，关系代词指人时只|可用whom，不可用who, that；关系|代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。The man with whom |you talked just now is my nei|ghbour. (正) The man with that / |who you talked just now is |my neighbour. (误)The pla|ne in which we flew to Canada was re|ally comfortable. (正) The plane in |that we flew to Canada was reall

24、y c|omfortable. (误)“介词+关系代词”前还可有some, any, none, all, both, neither, m|any, most, each, few等代词或者数词。如：He |loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. In the b|asket there are quite many apples|, some of which have gone bad|. There are forty students in ou|r class in all, most |of who

25、m are from big cities. Up |to now, he has written ten st|ories, three of which are about countr|y life. 注意事项:如何判断关系代词和关系副词方法|一： 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。不及物动词后面无宾语，|就必须要求用关系副词或者是介词加关系代词；而及物动词后接宾语，则|要求用关系代词。例如：This is the mo|untain village where I s|tayed last year.Ill never for|get the days when I

26、worked together with you. 判断改错（注：先显示题，再显示答|案，横线；用不同的颜色表示出。）（错） |This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错） I will ne|ver forget the days when I spent |in the countryside. （对） This is t|he mountain village (which) I visited last year. （对） Ill never fo|rget the days (which) I spent in

27、 the c|ountryside.方法二： 准确判断先|行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代|词/关系副词。例1. Is this museum _ you |visited a few days ago?A|. whereB. that C. on which D. the o|ne例2. Is this the museum _ the exhibition was he|ld?A. whereB. that C|. on whichD. the on|e答案：关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从|句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词 (who|,

28、whom, that, which, whose)； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语) 。（五）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 形式上：不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。意义上：是先|行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不|完整。译法上：译成先行词的定语：“的”关系词的使用|上：A作宾语时可省略 B可用that C可|用who 代替whom非限制性定语从句形式上：用逗号“，”与主句隔开。意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明|，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。关系词的使用上：A

29、不可省略 B不用that C不|可用who 代替whom限制性定语从句举例：The teache|r told me that Tom was the only person |that I could depend on|. China is a country which has a l|ong history. In the street I saw |a man who was from Afri|ca. His mother, who l|oves him very much, is strict with him. China, which was founded in 1949,

30、 is becoming mor|e and more powerful. Last summer I vi|sited the Peoples Great Hall, |in which many important meetings are held every year. （二）关系代词as和which 引导的定语从句as 和which 引导非限制性定语从句时， 其用法有相|同之处，也有不同之处。具体情况是：1. as 和which都可以在定语从句中|做主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。如：He m|arried her, as / which was natural|. 他跟她结婚了，这是

31、很自然的事。He is honest, as |/ which we can see. 他很诚实， 这一点我们看得出来。2|. as 引导的非限制性定语从句可以放在主句之前、主|句之后，甚至还可以分割主句。 which 引导的非限制性定语从句只可|放在主句之后。另外，as 常常有“正如、正|像”的含义。如：As is known to a|ll, China is a developing country. |He is from the south, as w|e can know from his accent. John, as you know, is a famou|s writer

32、. Zhang Hua has been t|o Paris more than ten times, which I d|ont believe. 注意：当主句和从句之间存|在着逻辑上的因果关系时，关系词往往只用which。如：To|m was late for school again and |again, which made his teacher very an|gry. These tables ar|e made of metal, which made them v|ery heavy. 1.当先行词受such, so, the sa|me 修饰时，关系词常用as。 如：Iv

33、e never heard su|ch stories as he tells. He is no|t such a fool as he looks. This is the same dictionary as I lost las|t week. 注意：当先行词受the same 修饰时，偶尔也用 that引导定语从句，但与as引导的定语从句意|思有区别。如：She wore the same dress that she wore at Marys weddi|ng. She wore the same dress as |her younger sister wore. (三) 以t

34、h|e way为先行词时，若定语从句中缺方式状语，定语从句通常由in which或|that引导，而且还可以省略。若定语从句中缺|主语或宾语，用（that/which）引导定语从句。The way (that / in which ) he a|nswered the questions was surprisi|ng. I dont like the way (tha|t / in which) you laugh at her. I d|ont like the way (that/|which) he told me.做定语从句题一般分三步：第一找出先行词；第|二看先行词在定语从句中的语

35、法功能（做主语、宾语或|状语）；第三选择合适的关联词。Exercises:1.There are thre|e bedrooms in the house,_ is Mary|s. A the smallest o|f which B the smalle|r of which C the smallest of them D the smallest one 2.The Greens will move into the new house ne|xt Monday,_ it will |be completely finished.A by th|e time B by which tim

36、e C by that tim|e D by this time 3.Alice has a large collection of phone,_ was taken in london.A none of |them B no one of which C |all of which D none of |which4.With the fast development of agr|iculture, the people _ village I taught before lived a happy life.A who B whose C in whose D in which 5.

37、There is a moutain _ the top is alway|s covered with snow.A wh|ose B of which C its D that |6.She may have missed her train, in |_ case she wont arrive |for another hour.A what B that C which D this 7.1)I have t|hree children,and two of _ |are doctors.2)I have |three children, two of _ are doct|ors.

38、8.There two thousand st|udents in our school,_ are girls.A two-thirds in which B two-th|irds in them C two-thir|ds of them D of whom tw|o thirds 9.I have bought two ballp|ens,_ writes well. A neither of th|em B none of them C neither of which D none of which （1-6ABDCBC 7-9B DDC）特殊结构定语从句点击1. |These h

39、ouses are sold at such a l|ow price _ people expec|ted. A. like B. as C. that D. which |2. Ive never heard so interesting a s|tory _ you told me. A|. as B. that C. of which D. about wh|ich 3. Ive seen the same film _ you saw yesterd|ay. A. that B. which C. as D. like |4. Ill buy the same coat _|_ yo

40、u wear. A. that B. which |C. as D. like 5. He ma|de another wonderful discovery, _ of gr|eat importance to science. A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think is 6. _ is |known to everybody, the moon tr|avels round the earth once ever|y month. A. It B. As C. That D. Wh

41、at 7. |This is the first time _|_ he has been here|. A. that B. when C. at whi|ch D. which 8. I dont like _|_ you speak to her. A. the way B. the|y way in that C. the way which D. the wa|y of which 答案与简析： 1. B。当先行词被s|uch修饰时，定语从句用as引导，即构成结构为su|ch+（a/an）形容词名词as引导的定语从句，意为.|像.一样的。整个句子意为：这些房屋以人们原来估计的那样低的

42、价格出售。 2. A。由so interestin|g a story = such an interesting story和上面一题的解释便可得知答案。as在定语从句中作|宾语。整句意为：我从未听说过像你告诉我那样有趣的|故事。 3. A 4. C。当先行词被same修饰|时，定语从句由that或as引导，但意思不同。用that引导定语从句指同一|物，而用as引导定语从句指同类事物。 5. A。做此题的|关键是要知道I think在定语从句中作插入语，做题时将其去|掉便可容易得到答案。 6. B。s在此引导非限制性定语|从句，代表它所修饰的整个句子内容，并且它可放在所修饰句子的前、中或后面

43、。其常见|结构如：as you know, as is sa|id above, as is often the case（情况经常是这样|）等。如选，则需将逗号改为that；如选D，则需将逗号|改为is that。 7. A。当先行词为the first time, the last time等时，定语从句的|引导词用that而不用when。 8. A。当先行词为way时，定语从句的|引导词用that或in which, 也可省略。定语从句1This i|s the best factory _|_we visited last year .A. w|here B. which C. in

44、whi|ch D. that2.Is this the factory _co|mputers are built ?A. that |B. which C. in which D. in that3.pleas|e pass me the dictionary |_cover is red .A. whose B.its C. which D. |which of4.The man _has arrived .A. |whom I told you B. that I t|old you C. whom I told y|ou about him D. I told you about5.

45、Do you know the comrade _we are tal|king ?A. to whom B. to who C. whom D. to tha|t6. They visited the house _the gre|at writer was born .A. |from where B. in which C. whic|h D. in where7. The |comrade _is speaking |at the meeting is my teacher .A. whom B. which C. who D. whose8. He asked us to |watc

46、h carefully everything _he did in |class .A. who B. that C. what D. where9. Ill visit the professor tomorrow ,|_he will be back from Shanghai .A. who B. that C. when D. w|hich10.The school _|I study is a new one .A. on which |B. at where C. on that D. a|t which11. China has m|any islands,_the larges

47、t i|s Taiwan .A. in which B. at whi|ch C. which D. of which 12. |The city _my mother grew up |is not far from here .A. what B. |where C. that D. which13. Our tea|cher lives in the house _|_door faces to the north .|A. which B. his C. that D. |whose14. Do you know |the man _your father nodded ?A. who

48、|m B. to whom C. to who D. abo|ut whom15.Wrestling |is a sport in _people easily ge|t hurt .A. that B. when C. which D. w|hat16. I told you _I know .|A. all that B. all which C. all what D. all whom17.China h|as a lot of famous writ|ers ,one _is Lu Xun .A. of which B. of whom C|. of who D. of them1|

49、8. Is this factory _we visited l|ast year ?A. in which B. around tha|t C. whom D. the one19. Who is the man _was there ?A. w|ho B. which C. that D. whom20. Is there anything _I c|an do for you, sir ?A. that B. wh|ich C. whose D. who21. I still re|member the day _she f|irst wore that green dress |. A

50、. which B. in which C. on that |D. on which22. The knife _w|e used to cut the bread is very sharp .|A. with which B. with it C. with th|at D. which23. The |games _the young men competed in we|re difficult .A. in which B. w|hich C. it D. who 24.It rained hard yesterday, _ p|revented me from goin|g to

51、 the park.A. that B. w|hich C. as D. it25. Geo|rge Mallory was an Engl|ish school teacher _ loved climbi|ng.A. who B. whom C. he D. wh|ich 历届高考英语单项选择题定语从句精选26.His p|arents wouldnt let him marry anyone _|_ family was poor.|A.of whom B.whom C.of whose| D.whose 27.She heard a terribl|e noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth.A.it| B.which C.thi|s D.that 28.In the dark street , th|ere wasnt a single pers|on _ she could turn f|or help. A.that B.who C.|from whom D.to whom| 29.The weather t