智慧树知到《能源英语面面观》章节测试答案

1、精品资料欢迎阅读 智慧树知到能源英语面面观章节测试答案 智慧树知到能源英语面面观章节测试答案第一章1、The Chinese equivalent of ESAP is（     ）.科技英语通用英语通用学术英语专用学术英语答案: 通用学术英语2、The word “synergy” means（     ）based on its etymological explanation.反感协同作用无用功有效能量答案: 协同作用3、The word “oil” originally means “any kind of

2、 smooth greasy liquid” but later acquires the specific meaning of “petroleum”. This word-forming method is called（     ）.GeneralizationSpecializationExtensionSpecification答案: Specialization4、Compounded words have four characteristics, among which（     ）refers

3、to its spelling features.grammaticalsemanticphonologicalorthographical答案: orthographical5、Sour oil means oil that contains a relatively high proportion of（     ）.sulfurcarbonhydrogenoxygen答案: sulfur6、The sun energizes photosynthesis and brings about the energy called（   

4、;  ）.physical energychemical energykinetic energygeothermal energy答案: chemical energy7、Energy industry is the totality of all of the industries involved in the production and sale of energy, including fuel extraction, manufacturing,（     ）and distribution.refiningdefini

5、ngretailingdecomposing答案: refining8、The underlined word “tap” means（     ）in the following sentence—Oil is formed and then percolates up through cracks and porous rock to fill the reservoirs that humanstap to get oil.敲打轻拍利用开采答案: 开采9、Abbreviations can achieve brevity, concis

6、eness, efficiency and economy. Therefore it is frequently used in the following domain EXCEPT（     ）.new reportsacademic papersbusiness writingfiction writing答案: fiction writing10、Energy conversion efficiency (η) is the ratio between（     ）and（   

7、;  ）. input, outputoutput, inputconsumption, productionproduction, consumption答案: input, output第二章1、(   ) is not a real coal, but only a precursor.PeatLigniteBituminous coalAnthracite答案: Peat2、China is the largest coal (      ) country in 2017.importproduction

8、exportreserve答案: production3、A tale of two Europes means (      ).Northern Europe and Southern EuropeWestern Europe and Eastern Europesome countries in western Europe with coal exit and some countries in Eastern Europe not announcing coal phase-outpoor Europe and rich Europe答案: s

9、ome countries in western Europe with coal exit and some countries in Eastern Europe not announcing coal phase-out4、The abiotic theory is developed in (      ) during the Cold War, as it needed to be self sufficient in terms of producing its own energy.GermanyAmericaSoviet UnionCh

10、ina答案: Soviet Union5、Slightly more than half of the world’s proven reserves are located in (      ).Latin AmericaAmericaSoviet Unionthe Middle East答案: the Middle East6、In China, most natural gas is distributed in (      ).plainsbasinsmountainsplateaus答案:

11、 basins7、Which of the following are fossil fuels?renewablenatural gaspetroleumcoal答案: natural gas,petroleum,coal8、The most significant uses of coal are in (      ).electricity generationsteel productioncement manufacturingliquid fuel答案: electricity generation,steel production,cem

12、ent manufacturing,liquid fuel9、According to a report by British Petroleum (BP), Large supplies of coal are known to exist (proven reserves) or thought to be available in (     ).South AmericaNorth AmericaEuropeAsia答案: North America,Europe,Asia10、Across much of Asia, coal demand g

13、rows due to its (      ). affordabilitynonrenewableefficiencyavailability答案: affordability,availability11、In the argument about the origin of oil, scientists should avoid letting (      ) prevent them from accepting the truth, whatever that proves to be.previo

14、us ideaspoliticsscientific competitionenergy shortage答案: previous ideas,politics,scientific competition12、Petroleum is a (      ) mixture of solid, liquid, and gaseous hydrocarbons that occurs naturally beneath the Earths surface.thickflammableyellow-to-blackthin答案: thick,flammab

15、le,yellow-to-black13、According to the report by EIA in 2018, the top three countries by oil production are (     ).the USASaudi ArabiaRussiaIran答案: the USA,Saudi Arabia,Russia14、Fossil fuels originated from dinosaurs.对错答案: 错15、To carry coals to Newcastle is like to pour sand on t

16、he beach.对错答案: 对16、In order to reduce the consumption of coal , China has tried its best to invest in renewable energy and to adopt new technology to improve the efficiency in industry.对错答案: 对17、The word “petroleum” originated in Latin which means “rock oil”.对错答案: 对18、Oil and natural gas are often f

17、ound in similar areas, although natural gas will almost certainly be higher in the ground and under less pressure than oil.对错答案: 错第三章1、Fuel cell engines (燃料电池发动机) are two to three times more efficient than combustion engines, meaning that much greater fuel economy is available using hydrogen in a fu

18、el cell.对错答案:对2、A fuel cell is a device that produces electricity from chemical fuels, in just one step. Unlike batteries, fuel cells don’t run down or need recharging. As long as there is a constant source of fuel and oxygen, fuel cells will continue to generate power. And they don’t bu

19、rn the fuel – the electricity is produced directly.对错答案:对3、We are more independent on electricity than we were generations ago so a failure of supply today can have major consequences. 对错答案:错4、Because the fuel cell is so much more efficient that the internal combustion engine, fueling a fuel c

20、ell car can cost around the same as fueling a gasoline car.对错答案:对5、Refueling a fuel cell car is more complex and dangerous than with traditional gasoline vehicles.对错答案:错6、Solar panels, wind turbines, hydro power and geothermal energy and hydrocarbons (natural gas or coal) can all be used to produce

21、hydrogen (a primary energy).对错答案:错7、Electrolysis can use wind, solar, geothermal, fossil fuels, biomass, nuclear, and many other energy sources.对错答案:对8、Ways to produce hydrogen fuel include producing it from nuclear power, biomass, algae, artificial photosynthesis, direct solar and coal gasification

22、.对错答案:对9、Solar power causes no pollution at all.对错答案:错10、Seasonal variations in precipitation and long-term changes in precipitation patterns, such as droughts, have a big impact on hydropower production.对错答案:对11、Petroleum and natural gas beneath the ocean floor are also considered a form of ocean e

23、nergy.对错答案:对12、Hydropower systems build pressure either by containing the water behind a dam, or within a pipe that runs down a hill. The weight of the water behind the dam or in the pipe creates pressure at the bottom. More height creates more pressure, and more pressure means we can get more power

24、 from the flow of water.对错答案:对13、The 1973 oil embargo and 1979 energy crisis caused a reorganization of energy policies around the world and brought renewed attention to developing solar technologies.对错答案:对14、New energy vehicles are driven by the enery of _. It is believed that they reduce our depen

25、dence on petroleum and may reduce greenhouse gas emissions.electricityhydrogenwindsunshine答案:hydrogen15、_ is the first element on the periodic table, making it the lightest element. Since it is so light, it rises in the atmosphere and is therefore rarely found in its pure form.Oxygen NitrogenHydroge

26、nCarbon答案:Hydrogen16、In a flame of pure hydrogen gas, burning in air, the hydrogen reacts with oxygen to form water and releases _.little hydrogenlittle oxygenenergywaste答案:energy17、_ has the highest energy content of all known conventional fuels (by weight). It has almost 3 times more energy conten

27、t by mass than _.Hydrogen, gasolineHydrogen, oilOxygen, fossil fuelsOxygen, gasoline答案:Hydrogen, gasoline18、The only products that come out of a fuel cell are _. No pollution or other dirty byproducts come out of the tailpipe of a fuel cell car.electricity and hydrogenwater and oxygenelectricity, he

28、at and waterenergy, water vapor, and oxygen答案:electricity, heat and water19、Fuel cells are versatile as they can scale up easily and meet a variety of power needs – large or small. You can _ individual fuel cells to increase the amount of power they can provide. The taller the stack, the more

29、power you have.installstackdivideseparate答案:stack20、Pure hydrogen does not occur naturally on Earth in large quantities, and it is locked up in enormous quantities in water, hydrocarbons, and other _. One of the challenges of using hydrogen as a fuel comes from being able to efficiently extract hydr

30、ogen from these compounds (化合物).plantsorganic matterfossil fuelsinorganic matter答案:organic matter21、_ is an energy form found in nature that has not been subjected to any human engineered conversion process. It is energy contained in raw fuels, and other forms of energy received as input to a system

31、.Primary energyPremium energyPrincipal energyPreliminary energy答案:Primary energy22、In electrolysis, electricity is run through water to separate the _ and _ atoms.hydrogen, waterhydrogen, energyhydrogen, oxygenwater, heat答案:hydrogen, oxygen23、Manufacturers of hydrogen generators have developed metho

32、ds to use lower amounts of electricity to split water into hydrogen. Different electrolytes or catalysts are used in _ the bonds between hydrogen and oxygen atoms that make up water. looseningstrengtheningseparatingsplitting答案:loosening24、The scientists and researchers have mostly decided that using

33、 nuclear power plants that are currently online may be able to produce hydrogen fuel as a byproduct of the water that they are already using to cool the _.nuclear towerreactorsnuclear fusionnuclear fission答案:reactors25、Landfills and farms can have high concentrations of _ which is hydrogen-rich chem

34、ical compound.methanecarbon dioxideoxygenhydrocarbon答案:methane26、Most of today’s hydrogen is produced from natural gas through a process called steam methane reforming. This is where steam and _come together under high temperature to produce hydrogen.watermethanehydrocarbonsoxygen答案:hydrocarbo

35、ns27、A raging river contains energya small stream.less, thanmore, thansame, withall possibilities above答案:more, than28、Beams of sunshine are waves of light and heat energy, radiated across 93 million miles of space to reach our earth in about _.a secondeight minutesan houra year答案:eight minutes29、Su

36、nlight reaches us by radiation. Radiation travels in electromagnetic waves consisting of _, and when the energy waves reach an object, they can either pass through it, or be reflected, or be absorbed, depending on the material. PVs are made out of a semi-conducting material. When they absorb photons

37、 of sunlight, the energy of the photons dislodges electrons from their atoms. The PV’s special coating attracts free electrons to the surface, and it is this movement of electrons that produces the electrical current.electronsphotonsneutronsatoms答案:photons30、Floatovoltaics reduce the need of v

38、aluable land area, save drinking water that would otherwise be lost through _, and show a higher efficiency of solar energy conversion, as the panels are kept at a _ temperature than they would be on land.evaporation, coolerevaporation, hotterprecipitation, coolerprecipitation, hotter答案:evaporation,

39、 cooler31、The island of Ta’u in American Samoa, small in size though, is large when it comes to renewable energy. It producing 100% of its electricity from solar power. The batteries store energy for up to _ days on which the sun doesn’t shine. three hundredthirtythreeone答案:three32、Hydro

40、gen fuel can be harvested from biomass. _, _ and _ are three places that create much biomass.sewage plantslandfillsfarmshospital答案:sewage plants、landfills、farms33、The amount of _ that drains into rivers and streams in a geographic area determines the amount of water available for producing hydropowe

41、r.raindropsnowfallfloodprecipitation答案:raindrop、snowfall、precipitation34、The volume of the water flow and the change in _ from one point to another determine the amount of available energy in moving water.water speedelevationfallwater flow答案:elevation、fall35、Water wheels are machines that use the en

42、ergy of _ to turn a wheel. The axle of the turning wheel can then power other machines to do work.flowing wateror falling wateror bothneither of them答案:flowing water、or falling water、or both36、The Three Gorges Dam has brought benefits to Chinese people mainly in _.flood controlnavigation improvement

43、power generationtourism opportunities答案:flood control、navigation improvement、power generation、tourism opportunities37、New nuclear is impractical in western countries because of _.popular oppositionregulatory uncertaintyoft demand for multiple reactor unitshigh costs答案:popular opposition、regulatory u

44、ncertainty、oft demand for multiple reactor units、high costs38、Strong ocean currents are generated from a combination of temperature, wind, salinity, bathymetry, and the rotation of the Earth. The Sun acts as the primary driving force, causing _.windscurrentstemperature differencestides答案:winds、tempe

45、rature differences39、Common environmental concerns associated with marine energy developments include _.the risk of marine mammals and fish being struck by tidal turbine bladesthe effects of EMF and underwater noise emitted from operating marine energy devicesthe physical presence of marine energy p

46、rojects and their potential to alter the behavior of marine mammals, fish, and seabirds with attraction or avoidance the potential effect on nearfield and farfield marine environment and processes such as sediment transport and water quality答案:the risk of marine mammals and fish being struck by tida

47、l turbine blades、the effects of EMF and underwater noise emitted from operating marine energy devices、the physical presence of marine energy projects and their potential to alter the behavior of marine mammals, fish, and seabirds with attraction or avoidance、the potential effect on nearfield and far

48、field marine environment and processes such as sediment transport and water quality第四章1、Hydroelectric facilities might have a major impact on（     ）.aquatic ecosystemsbirdsbatspolar bears答案:aquatic ecosystems2、Geothermal energy brings air emissions including（    &n

49、bsp;）.hydrogen sulfidecarbon dioxidemethaneall  the options答案:all  the options3、（     ）is NOT one of the gender issues in energy industry.gender gapracial discriminationglass ceilingwage inequality答案:racial discrimination4、Wind farms may bring（   &nb

50、sp; ）.reservoir damagenoise pollutionrespiratory diseasepsychiatric disorders答案:noise pollution5、Under certain lighting conditions, wind turbines can create an effect known as（     ）.urban heat island effectlight transmissionshadow flickerisland effect答案:shadow flicker6、To a

51、chieve gender equity in the energy sector does not mean achieving（     ）.equal opportunityequal payequal timeequal leadership答案:equal time7、STEM education does not include（     ）.sciencetechnologyengineeringmasculinity答案:masculinity8、Women are trying to get in

52、volved in energy sectors by making efforts in different aspects except（     ）.making energy policiescomplaining juvenile delinquencyfounding renewable energy companiescreating green energy initiatives答案:complaining juvenile delinquency 9、Earth Hour starts at（     ）.20:3020:0019:3019:00答案:20:3010、WWF