ing作状语解析ppt课件

1、动词 -ing,doing,动名词,现在分词,作主语,定语,宾语,表语,作表语,定语,宾补,状语,主动进行,意义,一、形 式,否定形式,v-ing,doing,having done,being done,having been done,not+v-ing/having done 的形式,ing分词的一般式的动作表示和主句的动作是同时进行或者在主句的动作之后发生； 完成式的动作是先于主句的动作发生,千万要注意V-ing形式的规则哟,不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语。还有时态和语态的变化,翻译下列句子，并指出V-ing在句中的用法。 1.百闻不如一见。 Seeing

2、is believing. 2.在这里等是没用的。 Its no use waiting here. 3.我的爱好是收集邮票。 My hobby is collecting stamps. 4.She likes drawing very much. 这本书很值得一看。 The book is well worth reading. 5.I saw him crossing the street. 6.The sleeping child is only five years old,作主语,作主语,作表语,作宾语,作宾补,作定语,Mary stood at the school gate w

3、aiting for Betty. Having experienced quite a few earthquakes in Hawaii already, I didnt take much notice,Having experienced,waiting,总结,为什么可以用分词(doing)结构,1.主语相同,没有连词,表主动,2.为什么有时候用doing有时候用having done,2.动作有先后,动作先的用having done,动作基本一致的用doing,3.分词作状语,伴随状语,Mary stood at , and waited for Betty,原因状语,Because

4、 I had experienced,状语从句,The Present Participle as Adverbial （现在分词做状语,ing分词作状语代替状语从句可以表示,Task1 现在分词作状语代替状语从句,时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等,注：从句的主语和主句的主语必须一致。即-ing分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语，并表示主动的关系,一. -ing分词短语作时间状语，代替一个时间状语从句： 注意：1：现在分词所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生，有时可由连词when, while引出。 2：现在分词所表示的动作一发生，主句的动作就立即发生时，现在分词一般

5、位于句首。 如,When he read the book, he nodded from time to time. When she saw those pictures, she remembered her childhood,Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood,When) reading the book, he nodded from time to time,二、-ing分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。如： As he was ill, he couldnt come to school today.

6、 Being ill, he couldnt come to school today,be - being,Not knowing her address, we couldnt get in touch with her. Because we didnt know her address, we. Being so poor in those days, we couldnt afford to send the boy to hospital. As we were so poor in those days, we. 注：如果分词表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，则要用完成形式，

7、如： Having worked among the peasants for many years, he knew them very well. Because he had worked among., he knew. Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter. Because he had not received an ., he decided to,三、ing分词短语作结果状语。如： His father died, leaving him a lot of money. She was

8、 so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces,四、-ing分词也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个条件状语从句和让步状语从句。 If you use your head, you will find a way. Using your head, you will find a way. Though they knew all this, they made me pay for the damage. Knowing all this, they made me pay for the dam

9、age,五、-ing分词作伴随状语，可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间，表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作。如： They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky. Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly. _ by the old man, the young people started walking slowly,Followed,状语,doing 与主语为主动关系,done 与主语为被动关系,分词作状语,Hearing the b

10、ad news, they couldnt help crying,When they heard the bad news,doing 与主语为主动关系,Given more attention, the trees could have grown better,If they had been given more attention,done 与主语为被动关系,_from the top of the building, we saw the house like a match box. _from the top of the building, the house looks l

11、ike a match box,Seeing,Seen,see,While the boy was reading the newspaper, his father nodded from time to time,Thinking,Reading the newspaper, his father nodded from time to time,主语不同,If you check your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be avoided. Checking your composition carefully, s

12、ome spelling mistakes can be avoided,现在分词的独立主格结构,在用分词短语作状语时, 它逻辑上的主语一般必须与句子的主语一致, 但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语, 这种结构称为,分词独立主格结构,独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况, 表示时间、原因、条件等,As the boy led the way, we had no trouble finding the strange village. If the weather permits, well go for an outing tomorrow,leading the way, we had no

13、 trouble finding the strange village,permitting, well go for an outing tomorrow,Practice,The boy,The weather,As there was no further problems to discuss, we ended the meeting at last,There being no further problems to discuss, we ended the meeting at last,有些分词短语可以做独立成分，用来解释整个句子， 不受句子主语的限制。常见的分词短语有：g

14、enerally(frankly,honestly) speaking, supposing (假设), judging from(从判断), talking of（谈到), speaking of（谈到）等。 Generally speaking, girls are more careful than boys. Supposing you lose, what will you do? Judging from his accent, he must be from the north. Talking of travel, have you ever been to Beijing,现

15、在分词的独立成分,分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词(如but，and)，因为并列连词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只是全句的一个状语部分，分词和主句之间可用逗号,注意,判断: Having been told many times, but he still couldnt understand it. He was told many times, but he still couldnt understand it. 或 Having been told many times, he still couldnt understand it,错误,1、

16、分词 (短语) 作状语时, 前后两个动作的主语是同一个人。如果前后两个动作的主语不是同一个人，分词（短语）可以带上它自己独立的逻辑上的主语, 2、分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并列连词(如but，and)，分词和主句之间可用逗号,总结： 使用 v- ing形式需注意的4个问题,3、用V+ing一般式 还是 Having+done完成式，要看前后两个动作有没明显的先后顺序，在可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式现在分词表示先发生的动作。 4、分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上 not, never等否定词构成,1. _many times , but he st

17、ill couldnt understand it . 2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it .A. Having been told B. ToldC. He was told D. He been told 3. _from space , the earth looks blue . 4._from space , we can see the earth is blue .A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D.See,C,A,A,B,but,the earth,we,对比练习,Consolidation,T

18、he secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for the president,A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing,2. European football is played in 80 countries, _ it the most popular sport in the world,A. making B. makes C. made D. to make,3.”Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the noti

19、ce,A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing,4. _ a reply, he decided to write again,Not receiving B. Receiving not Not having received D. Having not received,5The missing singer was last seen _ the voice close to the bridge Aexercising Bto be exercising Cex

20、ercise Dto exercise 6.The directors discussed the project that they would like to see _ the next year Acarry out Bcarrying out Ccarried out Dto carry out,1.After he heard a strong sound, he went out of the room for a look,Hearing a strange sound, he went out of,2.As the girl was seriously ill, she w

21、as taken to hospital immediately,Being seriously ill, the girl was taken to,be - being,3.As she didnt know any French, she couldnt get any one to help her,Not knowing any French, she couldnt get any one to help her,4.The sun shines brightly in the sky and gives us light and heat. The sun shines brig

22、htly in the sky giving us light and heat. 5. If you dont lose heart, you will find a way to overcome the difficulty,Not losing heart, you will find a way to overcome the difficulty,6. First we crossed the valley. Then we started to climb a hill. Having crossed the valley, we started to climb a hill.

23、 7.Because this was my first experience, I stayed at the top and watched them. This being my first experience, I stayed . 8.The child having been told many times, his mother still wanted to say again. Although/Though the child had been told many times, his mother,翻译下列句子（用分词作主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,1.说比做容易。 2.他的工作就是保证客人的安全。 3.我的妹妹擅长唱歌. 4.你知道站在门口的那个人吗？ 5.她坐在桌旁阅读报纸. 6.看到这些照片,他情不自禁想起在延安的日子,7.她的丈夫在去年去世了，给她留下了两个孩子。 8.一旦这本书被翻译成中文，许多人将会很喜欢它。 9.如果他们给我更多的时间,我会把工作做得更好. 10.因为不知道如何到那里，他只得问路,翻译下列句子（用分词作主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,1.说比做容易。 Talking is easier than doing. 2.他的工作就是保证客