分词作状语幻灯片

1、分词,作,状语,分词在句中作,状语,修饰谓语动词或整个,句子，表示动作发生的,原因、时间、方式,结果、条件、伴随状况,等,形式,意义,v.ing (doing,与句中主语构成逻辑,上的,主谓,关系，与句,中谓语动词,同时发生,或基本上同时发生,Having+v.-ed,having done,与句中主语构成逻辑,上的,主谓,关系,先于,谓语动词发生,v.-ed (done,与句中主语构成逻辑,上的,动宾,关系,1,分词作状语形式的选择,being+v.-ed (being,done,与句中主语构成逻,辑上的,动宾,关系,且,与谓语动词,同时发,生,一般,作原因状,语置于句首,having be

2、en+v-ed,having been done,与句中主语构成逻,辑上的,动宾,关系,且,先于,谓语动词发生,2,分词作状语的基本原则,1,分词作状语时,分词的逻辑主语必须与,句子的主语,保持一致,2,分词作状语必须和句中主语含有逻辑上,的,主谓或动宾关系,否则不能使用分词,作状语,1,Being ill, he didnt go to school,2) Given much more time, he would do it,better,Eg,Hearing,the bell, the students began to,enter the classroom,听见和进入两个动,作同时

3、发生,The building,being built,now is our new,library,being built,为现在分词的被动形,式，表示动作正在进行之中。,Having done,the work, he went home,完成,了工作，他就回家了,分词作状语,1,作时间状语,1,Having finished,his homework,he went to play football,2,Hearing,the news, they got,excited,2,作原因状语,1,Not knowing,his address, she,went to a policeman

4、 for help,2,Being ill,he was late for school,3,作伴随状语,1) He stood against the door,reading,a newspaper.,表伴随情况,2) I stayed up very late,preparing,my speech.,说明细节情况,4,作条件状语,1,Given,a chance, I can surprise,the world,2,Seen,from the top of the hill,our school looks very beautiful,5,作让步状语,Having been tol

5、d,many times, he,still repeated the same mistake,6,作结果状语,1,She was caught in a heavy rain,falling,ill,2) The cup dropped to the ground,breaking,into pieces,注：现在分词作结果状语，表示由谓语,动词部分所造成的结果,Walking,in the street, I came across an old,friend of mine,When I was walking,in the street, I came,across an old f

6、riend of mine.,While waiting,for the bus, he read a copy of,China Daily,1,表时间状语,2,表原因状语,Being ill, he didnt go to school,Being a student, you should study hard,Since you are a student, you should study,hard,既然你是一个学生，你就应该努力学习,由于想到它或许在家，所以我就给他打了电话,Thinking he might be at home, I called him,As I though

7、t he might be at home, I called him.,3,表方式、伴随情况的状语,作伴随状语的分,词表示的动作，必须是,主语的一个,动作,或是,与谓语所表示的动作（或状态）同时发生,或,是,对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补,充说明,Eg. He sat on the sofa, watching TV,He sat on the sofa, and watched TV,他们笑着谈着走进了教室,_ , they went into the classroom,他斜靠,lean,着墙站着,He stood leaning against the wall.,He sto

8、od,and leaned against the wall.,Laughing and talking,4,表结果,Eg. Her mother died in 1990,leaving,her with,her younger brother,Her mother died in 1990, and left her with,her younger brother.,全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受欢,迎的歌曲,The song is sung all over the,country,_,making it the most popular song,5,表条件,Using y

9、our head, you will find a way,If you use your head, you will find a way.,一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色的房子,_, you will see a white house,Walking ahead,6,表让步,Having been told,many times,he still repeated the same,mistake,1) Four people entered the room,looking,around,in a curious way,伴随动作,2,Being poor,he couldnt af

10、ford a TV,set,原因,Using your head, youll find a good,way,条件,3) Working hard, youll surely succeed,条件,4) The boy sat in front of the farm,house, cutting the branch,伴随,5) He came running back to tell me the,news,方式,6) (When) Hearing the news, he got,frightened,When he heard the news, he got,frightened,

11、时间,可以在分词前保留,when,7) The child slipped and fell,hitting,his head against the door,结果,Practise,1)They set out _ for the _ boy,A,searching; losing B. searching; lost,B,C. to search; lost D. searched; losing,C,2) The student sat there, _ what to do,D,doesnt knowing B. didnt knowing,E,C. not know D. not

12、knowing,B,D,现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的,前面,加,not (never,3)He sat there _ , with his head on his hand,A,and think B. thinking,B,C. thought D. being thought,B,1.The secretary worked late into the,night, _a long speech for the,president,A,To prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was,preparing,B,2.European footbal

13、l is played in 80 countries,_ it the most popular sport in the world,C,Making B. makes C. made D. to make,B,现在分词表结果状语,A,现在分词作伴随状语,高考链接,3. “Cant you read?” Mary said _ to the,notice,A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily,C. angrily point D. and angrily pointing,A,现在分词作伴随状语,4. _ a reply, he decided

14、to write again,A,Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having,received D. Having not received,B,5._ his telephone number, she had some,difficulty getting in touch with Bill,C,Not knowing B. knowing not,D,C. Not having known D. Having not known,C,A,现在分词作原因状语，分词结构中否,定词通常放在现在分词前面,作原因状语,1. Having not seen the film, I cant tell,you what I think of it,2. The men worked for extra hours got an,extra pay,3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find,the city more beautiful,4. Generally speak, facial expressions are,helpful communications, too,Not having,working,Seeing,speaking,单句改错,5