新沪教版英语初二下册Unit-8-Life-in-the-future知识讲解

1、沪教版初中英语二年级上册精编试题及知识点汇总学生姓名： 班级： 学号：Unit 8 Life in the future词句精讲精练 词汇精讲 1. in the past in the past意为“在过去”，其中past用作名词，意为“过去；过往；昔日”。例如： The style of that coat was in style in the past. 那件外套的样式在过去很流行。【拓展】 (1) past用作形容词，意为“过去的；刚过去的”。例如： The danger is past. 危险过去了。 (2) past还可用作介词，意为“晚于，在之后”。例如： half past

2、six六点半 a quarter past eight八点一刻2. present(1) present作名词，the present意为“现在,目前”。例如：There is no time like the present. 机不可失,时不再来。 (2) present用作名词，意为“礼物,赠品”。例如：He often gave his neighbors kids little presents. 他常常送些小礼物给邻居的孩子。 (3) present作形容词，意为“出席的,在场的”。例如：How many people were present at the meeting? 到会的

3、有多少人? (4) present作形容词，还意为“现在的,当前的”。例如：Im not at all satisfied with the present situation. 我对目前的情况一点都不满意。 (5) present作及物动词， 意为“赠送,呈献”后接to/with。例如：They presented him with a bunch of flowers. 他们献给他一束鲜花。 3. in the futureinthefuture，意为“将来”，指较长的将来一段时间。例如： Whoknowswhatwillhappeninthefuture?谁知道将来会发生什么事？What

4、willlifebelikeinthefuture?未来的生活是什么样子？Idliketobeateacherinthefuture.将来我想当一名教师。【拓展】 infuture相当于fromnowon，意为“今后；以后”，常指离现在较近的一段将来时间。例如： Dontdothatinfuture.以后别再干那种事了。 Bemorecarefulwithyourspellinginfuture.今后多注意你的拼写。4. instead ofinstead of是介词短语，意为“代替，而不是”，后面可以跟与前面并列成分相应的名词、代词、动词-ing形式等作为介词宾语。例如： He went t

5、o the cinema instead of going to school. 他去了电影院而不是学校。【拓展】instead作副词，意为“代替，而不是”，常用作状语。后面不接其他的词，一般情况下可不译出，通常放在句首或句末，在句首时常用逗号隔开，表示前面的事没做，而做了后面的事。例如：He is tired. Let me go instead. 他累了，让我替他去吧。She never studies. Instead, she plays tennis all day. 她从不学习，而是整天打网球。He didnt go to school. Instead, he went to t

6、he cinema. 他没有去学校，相反他去了电影院。5. another another 是形容词，意为“再一个，又一个”。例如：We need another three plates. 我们另外还需要三个盘子。Theyre singing in another classroom.他们在另一个教室唱歌。【拓展】other；others；the other和another的辨析： (1) other是形容词，意为“其他的，别的”，其后多接可数名词。例如： Im afraid there are other ways of solving this problem. 恐怕还有其他的解决这个问

7、题的方法。 (2) others相当于other + 可数名词复数形式，代词，指“其他人或物”，相当于一个复数名词。例如：Some people enjoy exercise; others dont. 有些人喜欢运动，有些人则不喜欢。(3) the others则表示在一个特定范围内的其他的全部，表示特指，意为“其余的”。例如： You should help the others in your class. 你应该帮助班里的其他人。(4) the other意为“两个人或事物中的另一个”；表示特指，通常与one搭配使用，构成“onethe other”意为“一个另一个”。例如：Miss

8、Gao has a book in one hand, and a pen in the other. 高老师一只手拿书，另一只手拿钢笔。(5) another后通常跟单数名词，也可泛指单数名词，意为“不确定数目中的另一个”。例如：Please show me another (one). 请再拿一个给我看看。6. make apologies make apologies相当于make an apology，意为“道歉，致歉”；make an apology to sb. 意为“向某人道歉”。例如： You should make an apology to others when you

9、do something wrong to them. 当你对别人做了错事时，应该向他们道歉。【拓展】 (1) apologize作动词，意为“道歉；致歉”。例如： I apologized for what I said just now. 我为我刚才说的话道歉。 (2) apologize for doing sth.意为“为某事道歉”。例如： He later apologized for his behavior. 他后来为他的行为道歉了。7. prepare for prepare for意为“为做准备”，相当于get ready for。例如：He was preparing fo

10、r the final exam when I called him. 我给他打电话时，他正在为期末考试做准备。【拓展】 prepare to do sth. 意为“准备做某事”。例如： They were preparing to take a trip to the Moon. 他们正准备去月球旅行。 8. be able to be able to后接动词原形，意为“能；会”。例如： He is able to speak two foreign languages. 注意：can和beableto的区别：(1) can没有将来式和完成式，因此在shall, will, have等后面，

11、要用be able to。例如：I will be able to speak Japanese in another few months. 再过几个月我就会说日语了。 He has not been able to get there before dark. 他没在天黑前赶到那里。 (2) can与be able to 不能重叠使用。例如： 他能做好这件事。 误：He can be able to do it well. 正：He can或is able todo it well.词汇精练I. 英汉互译。1. 将来，未来 _ 2. 过去_3. in the present _4. mak

12、e an apology _5. 而不是；代替_6. 最好做某事_7. prepare for sth. _8. keep in touch with _9. mixwith _10. have trouble (in) doing sth. _II. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。1. Now many people shop on line. They buy things on the I_.2. You broke Toms pen. Youd better make an a_.3. This book is very interesting. Ill r_ it to my

13、friends.4. Why not _(使满意) your sister with a present?5. When I grow up, Ill buy a new car with new _(科技) like CJ3.6. She r_ her mind by listening to music.7. A country song changed her life _(永远).8. We received a letter from our uncle r_.9. W_ I was doing some washing, my wife was looking after our

14、little baby.10. We have a lot of things to do at p_.III. 根据句意，用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. I _ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.2. Mary _(go) over her lessons from six to seven last night.3. What _ you _(do) at that time? We _ (watch) TV.4. Peter will _(certain) come to the party if he prom

15、ises to.5. There is a big _(electricity) watch on the wall in our classroom.IV. 听力链接。 （2015年泰安市中考）听两段长对话，选择正确答案。每段对话读两遍。你将有10秒钟的时间阅读对应的3个小题。听第二段对话，回答14至16小题。14. What kind of music does the woman like best?A. Rock music. B. Jazz music. C. Pop music. . 15. How can the man get the tickets?A. He will bu

16、y them online. B. He will buy them in the theater. C. His classmates will give them to him. 16. When does the concert begin?A. At 7:00 tomorrow evening. B. At 9:00 this evening. C. At 7:00 tomorrow morning.参考答案I. 英汉互译。1. in the future 2. in the past 3. 现在 4. 道歉 5. instead of 6. had better do sth.7.

17、为做准备 8. 与保持联系 9. 使与混合 10. 做某事有困难II. 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。1. Internet 2. apology 3. recommend 4. satisfy 5. technology 6. relaxed 7. forever 8. recently 9. While 10. presentIII. 根据句意，用所给单词的适当形式填空。1. was having 2. was going 3. were; doing; were watching 4. certainly 5. electronicIV. 听力链接。14. B 15.C 16. A

18、听力原文：听两段长对话，选择正确答案。每段对话读两遍。每段对话前你将有10秒钟的时间阅读对应的3个小题。听第二段对话，回答14至16小题。M: Hi，MaryWhat kind of music do you like best?W: I like all kinds of music，but I think jazz is my favoriteWhat about you，Mike?M: I like rock music betterWell，there is a rock music concert tomorrow eveningW: Really? Wonderful! But c

19、an you get any tickets?M: MaybeOne of my old classmates，Jack has promised me to give me a ticketW: Only one ticket?M: YesBut I can ask him to give me another oneW: Can he?M: Of courseHe is the manager of that theaterM: Thats perfectDo you know what time the concert begins?W: Its seven oclockI will p

20、hone you as soon as I get the ticketsM: OK句式精讲1. Mr. Hu: “While I was driving my old car, I was polluting the city.” (1) while 作连词，意为“当时候”，引导时间状语从句，并且是主句和从句动作同时发生，从句中的动词必须是延续性动词或表状态，且常用进行时态。例如： He came in while I was watching TV. 当我在看电视时，他进来了。 (2) while作连词，还可意为“而，然而”，强调动作的对比。例如： I like tea while she

21、 likes coffee. 我爱喝茶，而她爱喝咖啡。 (3) while作名词，意为“一会儿，片刻”，常用于after a while中，表示“过了一会儿”。例如： After a while, she came to herself. 过了一会儿，她苏醒过来了。【拓展】 while; when与as的辨析： (1) while强调动作同时进行，从句常用进行时，其动词必须为延续性动词或表状态。例如： Could you look after my dog while Im away? 我离开时，你能照看我的狗吗？ (2) when既可指动作同时进行，也可指先后发生，从句中的动作既可是延续性动

22、词，也可是非延续性动词。若是同时发生且为延续性动词，则可与while互换；若when作并列连词，表示“就在那时，这时候”则只能用when，并且when引导的从句只能放在后面。 试比较： When the alien got out, the girl was shopping. = While the girl was shopping, the alien got out. 当外星人出来时，小女孩在购物。 We were watching TV when there was a knock at the door. 我们在看电视，这时有人敲门。 (3) as多指主句从句两动作同时发生，常翻译

23、为“一边一边”。例如： They talked as they walked. 他们边走边谈。2. Im having trouble remembering things recently.(1) have trouble doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”，这时trouble可以用difficulty来代替。例如：I had no trouble finding his phone number. 我毫不费力就找到了他的电话号码。 Did you have any trouble getting there? 你到那里有没有遇到什么困难？【拓展】 in trouble/get int

24、o trouble/get sb. into trouble 遇到困难；遇到麻烦 例如： He was in trouble with the Customs. 他在海关那里有了麻烦。This will get you into trouble. 这件事将给你带来麻烦。3. What will you need to prepare for the trip?(1) need意为“需要，必须”， 作实义动词时，可表示为need to do或need sth，后面的不定式必须加to。例如：You need to take good care of your mother. 你要好好照顾你妈妈。W

25、e need a lot of money now. 我们需要很多钱。(2) need 当作情态动词时，只能用于疑问句，否定句和条件句。 例如：Need I finish my homework? 我需要完成作业吗？ He need not go there by car. 他没必要开车去那里。4. Teach David Chinese. (1) 这是一个祈使句，以动词原形teach开头。例如： Let me help you. 让我帮助你吧。 (2) 表示命令、请求、禁止或建议等语气的句子叫祈使句。祈使句通常省去主语you。有时为了表达较委婉或客气的语气，可在句子开头或末尾加please。

26、其肯定结构通常以动词原形开头；否定结构在动词前加dont。例如： Open the door. 把门打开。 Dont do it like that. 不要像那样做。口诀： 祈使句，祈使句，请求，命令或建议； 动词原形来开头，主语是you常省去； 若要构成否定句，句首Dont 别客气； 要使语气更委婉，please前后均可以。5. What else will it have?else作形容词，意为“别的，其他的”，其用法如下：(1) 常用在much, little, all(=everything)等词后面。例如：Not much else is known. 其他的不很清楚。There w

27、as little else he could do. 他再没有别的什么可做了。We dont know much else about his life. 对他生平别的方面我们知道很少。(2) 常用在 -one, -body, -thing, -place, -where 结尾的不定代词后面。例如：Have you anything else to do? 你还有别的什么事要做吗?Ask somebody else to help you. 请别人帮帮你吧。You cant get it anywhere else. 你在任何别的地方都找不到它。He has nothing else to

28、do today. 我今天没有别的事要干。(3) 常用在who, what, where, how, why 等疑问词后面。 例如：Who else was at the party? 晚会上还有谁?Where else did you go?你还去过什么别的地方?But what else can we do? 我们还能做什么?句式精练I. 根据汉语提示，完成英语句子（每空一词）。1. 我做作业时，妈妈在做饭。 Mum _ _ supper while I_ _ my homework.2. 我们正在交谈时，老师走了进来。 The teacher _ in while we _ _.3. 我

29、决定长大后建造一个太空旅店。 Ive _ _ _ a space hotel when I grow up.4. 它前面有大窗户。 It has a wide window _ _ _.5. 你打算接受他的道歉吗？ Are you going to _ his _?6. 他太穷了，无法满足家人的物质需要。 He is _ poor _ _ his familys material needs.7. 我喜欢哪些令人放松的乡村歌曲。 I like those _ country songs.8. 这种药被广泛使用。 This medicine is _ _.9. 不管你去哪里，请和我保持联系。 W

30、herever you go, keep _ _ with me, please.10. 我给她写信，但没得到回复。I wrote to her, but I didnt _ _ _.II. 句型转换，每空一词。1. I watched TV last night. (用at 7:00 last night改写句子) I _ _ TV at 7:00 last night.2. They were fighting with each other when the teacher came in. (改为否定句) They _ _ with each other when the teacher came in.3. They mix hydrogen with oxygen to make electricity. (改为被动语态) Hydrogen _ _ with _ to make electricity.4. Were you having PE when the storm came? _, we _. (作出否定回答)5. The email will reach you in a second. (就划线部分提问) _ _ will the email reach yo