直接引语与间接引语面面观（二）

1、直接引语与间接引语面面观（二） 上一单元我们讲了当直接引语是陈述句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句及一般疑问句时与间接引语转换的方法，这一单元我们来看看当直接引语是祈使句及感叹句时转换成间接引语的规律。【例句展示】 仔细观察下列三组句子，注意祈使句的变化。1. “Pay attention to English grammar in your article,” the teacher said. The teacher told the students to pay attention to English grammar in their article. 2. “Dont make any n

2、oise while I am at work,” Mom said to us. Mom told us not to make any noise while she was at work.3. “Dont open the letter,” he said. He said that I wasnt to open the letter.【自我归纳】 观察以上三组例句，我们可以发现祈使句变为间接引语时，除了有人称的变化外，句式上也发生了变化。 多使用一个不定式，有时也可使用一个_。 前面的谓语动词根据语气来决定。常见的引用动词为tell / order / desire / beg /

3、 ask / request/ demand等，后常接sb. (not) to do sth.。【特别提示】1. 当直接引语是祈使句时，转换为间接引语时，除了上文提到的含有祈使意义的动词tell, ask等之外，还经常用到command, warn, advise, suggest, insist等动词。2. 有些表示建议的祈使句，变成间接引语时一般用suggest doing / suggest that sb. (should) do . 或advise sb. to do / advise that sb. (should) do .。如：“Lets go camping this we

4、ekend,” Tom said to us.Tom suggested (us) _ that weekend.Tom suggested that _ that weekend.【例句展示】 仔细观察下列三组句子，注意感叹句的变化。1. He said, “Oh, what a pity it is!” He cried out what a pity it was.2. He says to us, “What bad weather it is!” He tells us what bad weather it is.3. Mary said, “How excited I am!”

5、Mary said that she was very excited.【归纳总结】 感叹句从直接引语变为间接引语时，要注意： 适当改动引用动词，可以使用what和how作连词，语序不变；也可使用that引导，将句子变成相应的宾语从句。 如果直接引语中的谓语动词是一般现在时、现在完成时或将来时，变成间接引语时，时态无需变化。（这一点同样适用于陈述句和疑问句。） 直接引语与间接引语之间的转换规律繁多，但同学们要记住：语言是活生生的，在平时的学习中要灵活掌握并使用这些规则。【即学即练】 将下列直接引语变为间接引语。1. “Speak English more often than just in

6、class,” our English teacher said to us._._.2. “Dont play with fire, little boys,” the policeman said._.3. Kate said, “Lets discuss the problem tomorrow.”_._.4. “Do be quiet, please!” Miss Helen said to the noisy boys._.5. My sister said, “Youd better tidy your room by yourself.”_.6. Li Ming said to

7、me, “Will you keep the secret for me?”_.7. My teacher always said, “What an interesting and challenging job teaching is!”_.8. “Happy weekend to you!” my teacher said to us last Friday._.Key:【自我归纳】 从句【特别提示】 going camping we (should) go camp 【即学即练】1. Our English teacher suggested that we (should) spea

8、k English more often than just in class.或Our English teacher suggested speaking English more often than just in class.2. The policeman told the little boys not to play with fire.3. Kate suggested discussing the problem the next day. 或Kate suggested that we (should) discuss the problem the next day.4

9、. Miss Helen demanded the noisy boys to be quiet.5. My sister advised me to tidy my room by myself.6. Li Ming asked me to keep the secret for him.7. My teacher always said what an interesting and challenging job teaching was.8. My teacher wished us a happy weekend last Friday.I.请根据图片中的信息和示例，分别转述图中人物

10、在旅游信息中心提出的问题。She wants to know what the most interesting sights are.He wants to know if the centre has got a town plan.1. She wants to know _.2. He wants to know _.3. They want to know _.4. They want to know _.II.请根据示例分别转述大家对Trevor的命令或请求。Example:His mother: Dig my garden, please, Trevor.His mother a

11、sked him to dig her garden.1. The doctor: Take more exercise.2. His boss: Dont play computer games in the office.3. A traffic warden: Dont park your car in the High Street.4. Laura: Put some shelves up, please. 答案I.1. how she can find out about the area2. if / whether there are guided tours3. where they can stay4. what shows there areII.1. The doctor told him to take more exer