《短文改错讲座》PPT课件.ppt

1、短文改错,文中共有10处语言错误。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加上一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不记分,一、短文改错设疑方式,此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判断： 1) 如无错误，在该行右边横线上画一个（ ）；如有错误（每行只有一个错误），则按下列情况改正,2) 此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用写线划掉。(多一词） 3)此

2、行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（ /），在该行右边的横线上写出该加的词。（缺一词） 4)词行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线，在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。 （错一词,语法方面 行文逻辑方面 人物的性别及相应的指代代词或物的数量及相应的指代代词的一致，句子的并列、递进、转折、因果关系等的相应关联词；时间的先后顺序等,高考短文改错题目考查点,二、短文改错主要特点,短文难度符合学生水平； 短文改错的得分年年有保障； 短文改错的试题难度年年在提高； 短文改错的语篇意识年年在强化,20052010年高考英语短文改错设疑方式,做短文改错可分三步走,第一步：浏览全文，理解大意。短文改错要以句子为单位而不

3、是以行为单位，读到句号为止。要注意行首与行尾之间的关系，上下文之间的逻辑关系。 第二步：先易后难，各个击破。在第一次阅读时，找出明显的错误。一些逻辑错误必须联系上下文才能发现，待对全文有了更进一步的了解之后，回头再做一遍，就会迅速找到错误所在,第三步：还原检查，查漏补缺。把改过后的词语放入短文中，再从头到尾看一遍，从语法、语义和逻辑关系等方面检查验证。掌握了这些解题技巧后，改错能力一定会明显提高。 此外，一定要特别注意符号的准确性,短文改错解题策略： 1.通读短文明确中心主题，整体把握时间、地点、人物、事件和行文逻辑 2.看标点确定句子头尾，明确句子特点（简单句、并列句、复合句、特别句式）;抓

4、关键谓语动词看主语明确主谓关系，确保主谓人称、语态、时态一致。 3.划分意群，明确成分，化整为零，各个击破。 4.联系考点，依据原则，运用知识，分析解决。 6.通览检查，纠错补漏，确定结果,短文改错中常出现的错误,名词 动词 形容词副词 介词 冠词 连词 数词 代词 句子结构 常用固定短语或固定用法,动词形 名词数 还要注意形和副 介词短语需关注 习惯用法要记住 冠词连词长光顾,考点应对策略归纳,1.抓主语，看谓语，主谓关系要统一（语态、一致和时态，语气,形式需考虑,1）An English lady was finally decided that she really should lea

5、rn to drive,2） Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library. 3）She liked it very much and reads it to the class. 4)Of course, when my mother was asked, “Have you” 5)Books may be keep for four weeks. 6)Charles and Linda were seeing near the top of the building,kept,are,read,seen,2.名词性质要关注，可数与否须

6、清楚。名词具有受限性，限制(特指、确指和泛指）、修饰要重视,1)Kate covered it with a lot of Christmas light,2)so that Ill get good marks in all my subject. 3)Good health is persons most valuable possession. 4)Some people read the books or watch television while others have sports,5) We stopped to rest for a while and to drink so

7、me waters from a stream. 6) We climb everywhere, not only in America. We have been to Europe many time. 7) There are branch library in many villages. 8) I hope that you two could come and visit us some times soon,a,water,times,libraries,time,3.代词出现不起眼，指代不明生疑点， 验名正身别怕烦，确保一致心里安,1) I just smiled to me

8、and thought , “What can I do ,2) Finally, the men threw away most of his clothes to save themselves,3) I read your e-mail to my parents and showed them the photo you sent it to me . 4)I liked those classes because I felt that it helped me. 5)And they must not break the rules too often if we want to

9、win the game,they,myself,their,we,4. 英汉词性易混乱，形、副、名、介较常见，成分关系是关键。形作定表，副作状，名词功能莫要忘,1.He came back lately last night. 2. I would describe myself as shy and quietly. 3. He asked angry if we had finished the work. 4. Charles said, “As soon as I see a real tall building, I want to climb it. 5. He practice

10、d hard and past the driving-test. 6. Im sure well have a wonderfully time. 7. Unfortunate，there are too many people in my family. 8.The beautiful of the lake attracts us a lot,late,quiet,angrily,really,passed,wonderful,Unfortunately,beauty,5.连接词语需检验，逻辑关系前后辨,1.We tried to fix it and there was nothing

11、 we could do. 2.I told Mother, Father, Sister, all my friends here what a great time I had. 3.It is a very important exam but I cant afford to fail it. 4.She was smiling but nodding at me. 5.The market at the corner of Friendship Street and Xinhua Road has given way to a supermarket. Besides the boo

12、kstore next to our middle school is still there. 6.It started to rise higher again. So it was still too close to the water. 7.Id like to stay there for half a month, visiting places of interest or practicing my English as well,but,and,and,and,But,But,and,6.介词多少也要看，搭配错误较常见,1.Because the help you gave

13、 me that summer ,my life changed. 2. When a young man starts to earn his own living ,he can no longer expect others to pay his food . 3. At Christmas Eve, Jim went with his father to choose a Christmas tree. 4.After five years away in my hometown, I find that 5.As you are very popular with us Chines

14、e high school students, wed like to invite for you to the exhibition. 6. , so they are very strict in their children. 7. so that we can help each other on the course work,of,for,On,from,with,with,7.非谓语动词是考点，见面验证别嫌烦,1.My parents love me and will do all they can make sure 2. We fed monkeys, visiting t

15、emples and told stories. 3. Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English. 4. I just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person . 5.Looking forward to hear from you soon. 6.I have often dreamed of talk face to face with you. 7.

16、Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also,to,visited,talking,become,hearing,talking,Playing,1.As a result, people in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past. 2.Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher. 3. My teacher advised me to keep m

17、y diary. 4. I dont know that they dont like to talk with me. 5. I think Id email you and let you know what things are going. 6. I live in Beijing，where is the capital of China. 7. It was turned out to be her own cup, that shed left on the shelf by mistake,8.固定搭配看清楚，习惯用法要关注。 句式特点整体看，引导词语是关键,a,why,how

18、,which,which,短文改错特别注意的几个问题类型,一、一致性问题 二、词意重叠 三、逻辑关系,1. 主谓一致,1）What are your favourite sport? 2）Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library,2. 时态一致,1）It was very kind of them to meet me at the railway station and drove me to their home 2）They offered me coffee and other drinksWe have a good

19、 time talking and laughing,3. 名词的单复数一致,1）and asked me lots of question 2）We study quite a few subject，such as maths， 3）She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success,4. 代词的性、数一致,1）The Smiths did his best to make me feel 2）And they must not break the rules too often if we want to win the g

20、ames,5. 语意一致,1）She was smiling but nodding at me. 微笑和点头在语意上是并列的关系,二、词意的重叠（1,1) Whenever I see them I often think of my English teacher,逻辑关系,1）The food was expensive and the service was good,短文改错中常出现的错误,名词 动词 形容词副词 介词 冠词 连词 数词 代词 句子结构 常用固定短语或固定用法,1. 名词: 单复数用错；可数不可数混用,1） He agreed to and give me advic

21、es on how to write like a real writer. 85 (NMET 2010) （2）Id like to there for half an hour, visiting place of interest 80 (NMET 2008) （3） I looked at his other hands 83 (NMET 2007,2. 动词： 时态和语态变化,1） He agreed to reading my story and 84 (NMET 2010) （2）Id like to staying there for half an hour, visitin

22、g80 (NMET 2008) （3) we walked .then I ask him, grandpa，how come 78 (NMET 2007,3. 形容词副词： 混用,1）gentleman living near my house, who was a very much famous writer. 83 (NMET 2010) （2）Unfortunate，there are too many people in my family （3）I was only about 6 that he held my hand out to me. 78 (NMET 2007,4.

23、介词： 多余，缺失和错用,1) I imagine youll at vocation yourself by that time. 84 (NMET 2008) (2) Each these lines stands for a trouble in my life. 82 (NMET 2007,5. 冠词:定冠词和不定冠词的互改；确实和增加,1) there was Uncle Chen, gentleman living near my house. 82(NMET 2008) Because there are more honors and joys in my life. 85(N

24、MET 2007,6. 数词: 基数词和序数词的混用和错用,主要是序数词与基数词的混用和错用，如分数的分子大于一时分母没有用复数等，基数词的复数形式如几百hundreds of，几千thousands of漏掉了s，或是当其前有具体数字或several时加了复数，如seven hundred，写作seven hundreds,7. 连词:不合句中的逻辑关系,I am trying to improve the situation since it doesnt seem to work,8. 代词：格与数的的错用,1） I always thought in Chinese and tried

25、 to translate anything into English. （2） I was learning to express me in simple English,9. 常用固定短语或固定用法:用错,1）Before my classmates, it seems always difficult for me to do things well as them. （2）Like most of my schoolmates, I have neither brothers nor sisters-in any other words , Im an only child . （3

26、）My teacher advised me to keep my diary,10. 句子结构: 不完整；成分有冗缺；词性与功能不对等；关系词引导词不得当,1）They eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of questions. （2）I live in Beijing,where is the capital of China. （3）Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also,应注意的细节,1注意联系上下文。 2注意破行句。

27、3注意是否虚拟。 4注意是否是真理。 5注意是否时间、空间变换。 6. 注意拼写正确,7发散性思维，注意一词多义，一词多性。 8先易后难。 一般来说， 行文逻辑比语法错误更隐蔽，不会的要放到最后考虑。 9注意标记的准确性（左右各给0.5分） 10以句子为单位而不是以行 为单位进行判断,Dear Ms Smith, I am secretary of the City Student Union (CSU). We were organizing an art exhibition for high school students in city. This will be held on th

28、e 9th of July in the Exhibition Hall of Beihai. More than 1000 painting will be on show, but high school students and teachers from all the eight districts will come to the event. As you are very popularly with us Chinese high school students, wed like to invite for you to the exhibition. We would b

29、e grateful when you could join them that day. Looking forward to hear from you soon. Yours, Li Ming,are,the,It,paintings,and,popular,if,us,hearing,策略试练,Most families in China hoped their single children will have a happy future, so they are very strict in their children. So do teachers in schools! M

30、any children are given so much homework that they have hardly any spare time have sports. The children are forbidden to do anything but to study. No wonder so many children are tired of lessons. Some even attack or kill his parents and teachers! I believe many people already read this kind of news i

31、n newspapers or magazines. Shouldnt we draw lesson from the accidents? Now our government is carry out a plan to solve the education problems,hope,with,are,to,their,have,a,carrying,09)Dear Mrs Winthorp, So my first week at college is over! No lectures this morning so I think Id email you and let you

32、 know what things are going. Im glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm. I remember asking for a room as far away from the lifts as possible and they find me a comfortable one on second floor. There are two girls from my course here and I plan to make friend with them so that we ca

33、n help each other on the course work. Everyone else seems very nice and warmly here. Well, I had better to stop now. Im going to attend mine first lesson this afternoon, for Ive got some preparation to make, Keep in touch. Best, Carol,how,everything,found,the,friends,with,warm,my,so,10改错）My sister s

34、aw a lovely cup when we are shopping the other day. She liked it at once. Then she bent down and picked up to look at a price on it. As she did this, lots of tea splashed on his T-shirt! I had to try hardly not to laugh at her shocked face! My sister wanted get out of the shop as fast as she could when a shop assistant ca