2011届高三化学模拟考试知识点统计A4版

1、2011届高三化学模拟考试知识点统计A4版In this paper, by gdsxzly contributionDoc documents may have a poor browsing experience at the WAP end. It is recommended that you choose TXT, or download the source file to the native view.The 2011 gao SAN chemistry simulation test of the city of shaoguan cityA knowledge block

2、of one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight (1) elements and matter. Application of the classification method of matter. ) the relationship between elements and substances. Application of the classification method of matter. The nature of physical change, chemical change, the basic type of che

3、mical reaction. The basic types of chemical reactions in group formation and classification (2) physical and chemical changes. (3) the difference between the colloid and solution, fluid with contact, three kinds of simple properties of disperse system) colloid and solution, the difference between th

4、e fluid and contact, Moore (), molecular weight), gas Moore (4) the unit of amount of substance Moore (mol), molecular weight (g? Mol - 1), gas Moore) the unit of amount of substance - Moore), molecular weight, volume (), amount of substance concentration, amount of substance concentration, avogadro

5、 constant means Avogadro constant means. Volume (L? Mol - 1), the concentration of the amount of substance (mol? L - 1), the meaning of avogadro constant. (5) the amount of substance and particles (atoms, molecules, ions, etc.) the number, molar ratio of gas volume (standard) and particles (atoms, m

6、olecules, ions, etc.) the number, volume (2, material condition), the relationship between the quality of the material calculation., condition), the relationship between the quality of the material. ), material quality, the relationship between the amount of calculation formula (6) gas equation appl

7、ication, avogadros law (relative density, gas relative quality) gas equation of the application of the formulas (relative density, avogadros law, etc.). (7) simple calculation of the concentration of matter, solubility and mass fraction of solute. A simple calculation of the concentration of matter,

8、 solubility and mass fraction of solute. (8) the concept of electrolyte, non-electrolyte, strong electrolyte and weak electrolyte. The concept of electrolyte, non-electrolyte, strong electrolyte and weak electrolyte. 3 the (9), ions reaction, ionic reaction conditions, the concept of ionic equation

9、of writing, ion,) ion reactions, ionic reaction conditions, the concept of ionic equation of writing, equations of right and wrong judgment. The right and wrong judgment of the equation. (10) the method of testing common ions by ions. Ion co-existence, common ion test method. (11) the nature and cha

10、racteristics of REDOX reaction, REDOX reaction, analysis of REDOX DE) the nature and characteristics of REDOX reaction, REDOX reaction, should, oxidant, the reductant, judgment. The oxidizing agent, the reducing agent.Oxidation and the original reaction (12) common oxidizing agent, reagent judgment,

11、 oxidative, reductive and weak judgment. Common oxidant, reductive judgment, oxidative, reductive and weak judgment. Calculation. (13) the balance of simple oxidation reduction reactions, the calculation of oxidation reduction reactions. ) simple balancing REDOX reaction, REDOX reaction calculation

12、of three particles (three particles (14) atoms (protons, neutrons, and electrons) the nature, role and relationships.) atoms three particles protons, neutrons, and electrons) the nature, role and relationships.(15) of extranuclear electron movement characteristics and the rule of extranuclear electr

13、on hierarchical arrangement, element type,) of extranuclear electron movement characteristics and the rule of extranuclear electron hierarchical arrangement, element type, 5, atoms, schematic structure and extranuclear electron configuration and isotope atoms said. Atomic structure diagram, electron

14、 configuration and isotope atomic expression. The relation and distinction between elements, isotopes, and nuclides,The relation and distinction of elements, isotopes, nuclides, and the calculation of elements (isotopes). Calculation. Cycle, (17) the essence of the periodic trends, and the structure

15、 of the periodic table of elements cycle), the essence of the periodic trends and the structure of the periodic table (cycle extranuclear electron configuration, (18) element properties Extranuclear electron configuration, atomic radius, main valence, gold element properties and the gold) properties

16、 (extranuclear electron configuration, main valence atomic radius, 6 weeks, elements, attributes, the highest oxide hydrates acid alkali, the stability of the gaseous hydride) properties, high oxide hydrates of acid and alkali, the meaning of the stability of the gaseous hydride) and the nature of t

17、he phase change law and the change regularity of element (19) nature alternation law of the same cycle elements and the relationship between the atomic structure, elements of the same main group elements) within the same cycle nature gradient of law and the relationship between the atomic structure,

18、 quality, and the alternation regularity and the relationship between atomic structure. The relationship between the qualitative gradient and the atomic structure. (20) the concept of bonds, the concepts of ionic bonds and covalent bonds. The concept of bonds, the concept of ionic bonds and covalent

19、 bonds. (21) the strength of the covalent bond, bond energy, bond length and the molecular stability, the relationship between polar covalent bonds) judgment on the strength of the covalent bond, bond energy, bond length and the molecular stability, the relationship between covalent bonds of 7, the

20、polarity of the chemical bond, the molecular concepts and judgments. The polar concepts and judgments of molecules. With material (22) ionic compounds, covalent compounds, the representation method of covalent bond (electronic, structure) ionic compounds, covalent compounds, the representation metho

21、d of covalent bond (electronic, mass), the representation method of ionic bonding The formation process of electronic type), using electronic said compounds. The representation method of ionic bond (), with the formation process of electronic said compounds), the representation method of ionic bond

22、(electronic), with the formation process of electronic said compounds. (23) the influence of the covalent bond and the ionic bond on the boiling point of the material. The influence of the covalent bond and the ionic bond on the boiling point of the material. The calculation of heat of reaction is c

23、alculated by the change of the chemical reaction energy, the change of enthalpy and the heat of reaction. (24) the substance of the change of chemical reaction energy, enthalpy change and the heat of reaction, the calculation of the heat of reaction. The concept, writing and false judgement of the t

24、hermochemical equation. The concept, writing, and false judgment of chemical trans (25) thermochemical equations. The concept of heat burning in energy (26), energy, and energy efficiency are realized. The concept of heat burning, knowledge of energy and the practical significance of energy efficien

25、cy. (27) to understand the laws of gus, and use the gesss law to calculate the heat of reaction. ) to understand the laws of gus, use the gesss law to calculate the heat of reaction. 1Knowledge ofKnowledge point (28) the principle of the original battery device, the original battery electrode reacti

26、on and the writing of the battery reaction equation. The principle of the original battery device, the original battery electrode reaction and the writing of the battery reaction equation. Common chemical power supply, the kinds of alkaline zinc manganese dry batteries, lead-acid batteries, common c

27、hemical power source, the kinds of alkaline zinc manganese dry battery, lead-acid batteries, fuel cells work principle and application value. And its application value.aThe secondthreefourfivesixseveneight(29) judging principle of electrolytic cell device, judgement and electrolytic cell electrode e

28、lectrode reaction and the cell reaction equation) judging principle of electrolytic cell device, 9, electrochemical, type of writing. Some electrolytic processes (such as electrolysis of sodium chloride saturated salt water), sodium chloride, type of writing. Some electrolytic processes (such as ele

29、ctrolysis of sodium chloride, saturated salt water), the original basic analysis and electrode equation writing and judgment; To understand the principle of electrolysis in the production, analysis and electrode reaction of chlorine-alkali.Understand the application of electrolytic principle in the

30、production of chlorine, metal refining and electroplating. Applications in electroplating. (30) the principle of metal corrosion, which prevents the main measures of electrochemical corrosion of metal. The principle of metal corrosion is the main method of preventing electrochemical corrosion of met

31、al. The definition of the rate of chemical reaction and its quantitative means, the calculation of the rate of chemical reaction. (31) the definition of the rate of chemical reaction and the calculation of the rate of chemical reaction. The relationship between the concept of effective impact and th

32、e rate of chemical reaction. (32). the concept of effective collision, activated molecules and activation energy and the relationship with the chemical reaction rate.) effective collision activated molecules and activation energy of the concept and the relationship with the chemical reaction rate (3

33、3) concentration, pressure, temperature and catalyst on the influence of the chemical reaction rate. The effect of concentration, pressure, temperature and catalyst on the rate of chemical reaction. The definition and judgment of the chemical equilibrium state. The definition and judgment of equilib

34、rium constant (concentration equilibrium constant) and the state of chemical equilibrium. The equilibrium constant (the equilibrium constant) is the expression. Simple calculation of the simple calculation and conversion rate of the equilibrium constant. The reaction should be the expression. Simple

35、 calculation of the simple calculation and conversion rate of the equilibrium constant. And chemical flat (35) le chateliers principle, the external conditions (concentration, pressure, temperature, etc.) to the chemical equilibrium) le chateliers principle, external conditions (concentration, press

36、ure, temperature, etc.) the influence of scale. The influence of. (36) relevant calculation and picture problems of speed and balance. The calculation of the rate and equilibrium of the chemical reaction rate and chemical equilibrium. The role of life and production. The role of life and production.

37、 (37) the change in enthalpy and the change in entropy and the spontaneous direction of the reaction. ) the enthalpy and entropy change and reaction of spontaneous direction judgment (38) strong electrolyte and judgment of the weak electrolytes, the meaning of ionization balance, common weak electro

38、lyte electric) strong electrolyte and judgment of the weak electrolytes, the meaning of ionization balance, from the equation of the writing. The definition and application of dissociation equilibrium constant, the external conditions (concentration, temperature, away from the equation of the writin

39、g. The definition and application of dissociation equilibrium constant, the external conditions (concentration, temperature, and acid, alkali, etc.) on the influence of ionization balance. With acid, alkali, etc.), the influence of the ionization balance. (39) the ionization of water, the determinat

40、ion of the ion product constant of water. The ionization of water, the determination of the ionic product constant of water. Acid and alkaline aqueous solution of H relationship, the definition of the relationship. Relationship with OH -, pH, the definition of a solution to the relationship between

41、acid and alkaline pH. The determination of pH of solution method. And the methods to calculate the acid, dilute. And be able to calculate the pH dilute acid, strong alkali solution. 11, water soluble) of dilute acid, alkali, mixed solution, a single solution in the liquid from (40) of dilute acid, s

42、trong alkali, mixed solution, dilute solution of a single solution pH meter calculate. Child balance (41) the principle of salt hydrolysis reaction, hydrolysis and hydrolysis writing and judgment of the equation of salt bath) the principle of salt hydrolysis reaction, hydrolysis and hydrolysis writi

43、ng and judgment of the equation of liquid acid alkali and the concentration of size, salt hydrolysis in the application of the production and living. Liquid acid alkali and the concentration of size, salt hydrolysis in the application of the production and living. (42) environmental conditions (temp

44、erature, concentration, and acid or alkali, etc.) on the influence of the hydrolytic equilibrium.) external conditions (temperature, concentration, and acid or alkali, etc.) on the influence of the hydrolytic equilibrium. (43) undissolved electrolyte exists to precipitate dissolve in the water balan

45、ce, the meaning of the solubility product, using the equilibrium shift) undissolved electrolyte exists to precipitate dissolve in the water balance, the meaning of the solubility product, the general principles of the dynamic analysis of the precipitate dissolves, generation and transformation proce

46、ss.The general principle of motion analyses the dissolution, formation and transformation of precipitation. (44) the properties of sodium and its important compounds, the application of flame color reaction experiments. The properties of sodium and its important compounds, the application of flame c

47、olor reaction experiments. Quality grading. Quality grading. Properties of aluminum and its important compounds, 12), gold (45) properties of magnesium, aluminum and its important compounds, the form of the aluminum and acid and alkali solution, the relationship between aluminium images. Relationshi

48、p, a picture problem with aluminum. And combine the nature of things (46) the nature of the iron, copper and its important compounds, Fe (), () transformation, change properties of copper and its important compounds, (), Fe (,) of oxidizing and reducing metal elements. Oxidation and reducing of meta

49、l elements. (47) the concept of alloy, can list the important application in the field of alloy material), the concept of alloy, 13, the gold (48 important compounds. The properties of carbon, silicon, and silicon and its important compounds. The properties of genus and its change (49) properties of

50、 chlorine and its important compounds, the properties of the halogen alternation.) the nature of the chlorine and its important compounds, the properties of the halogen alternation. The properties of the (50) sulfur and its important compounds. The properties of sulfur and its important compounds. 2

51、 qualityKnowledge ofThe properties of nitrogen and its important compounds. The properties of nitrogen and its important compounds. (52) the bonding characteristics of carbon in organic compounds. The classification of organic matter. The bonding characteristics of carbon in organic compounds. The c

52、lassification of organic matter. (53) the writing of simple isomers. Simple system naming method. Simple isomers of writing. Simple system naming method. The nature of the object. (54) properties of methane, ethylene and benzene. The properties of ethylene, ethylene, benzene and other organic compou

53、nds such as methane, ethylene, benzene, etc. Important role.aThe secondthreefourfivesixseveneightThe composition and main properties and important applications of ethanol, acetic acid and ethanol. ) the composition and main properties of ethanol, acetic acid and important applications. Properties an

54、d properties (56) the type of organic reactions. ) the type of organic response. (57) the composition and main properties of sugar, fat and protein and the important applications. The composition and main properties of sugar, oil and protein and the important applications. ), polymer synthesis (58)

55、synthesis of high molecular compound (addition polymerization and polycondensation), polymer synthesis) synthesis of high molecular compound (addition polymerization, condensation), and individual judgment. And the monomer judgment. (59) the use and use of instruments used in chemical laboratories.

56、The use and use of the instruments used in the drawing and identification of typical chemical instruments. To draw and identify typical chemical instrument installations. The use and preservation of common reagents in laboratories. Installation drawing. The use and preservation of common reagents in

57、 laboratories. (60) the basic operation of chemical experiments. The basic operation method of the chemical experiments of filtering and evaporation, distillation and extraction, etc. Filters and vaporization, principles, methods and laboratory considerations. Principles, methods and laboratory cons

58、iderations. (61) identification of chemical safety use. Prevention and treatment of laboratory accidents. Identification of chemical safety identification. Prevention and treatment of laboratory accidents. 15 (62), learn common gas laboratory method (including the reagent and instrument, reaction pr

59、inciple, purification,) common gas laboratory method (including the reagent and instrument, reaction principle, purification, experimental collection, etc.). Collection, etc.). Inspection method and often (63) common ion (NH4 +, Cl -, SO42 -, CO32 -, Fe3 +, etc.) of the test methods and often) common ions (see material (sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, etc.) the identification.See the identification of substances (sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate). (