2021高考英语重点单词词性转换和语境活用04（解析版）

1、公众号：逆流资源库 免费分享2021高考英语重点单词词性转换和语境活用04解析版基础盘点自测自评07重点词汇拓展词汇1.fit adj.健康的；强健的 v符合，适合unfit adj.不适宜的；不适合的2.rare adj.稀少的；罕有的rarely adv.稀少地；极少地3.health n健康healthy adj.健康的unhealthy adj.不健康的；有碍健康的4.wealth n财富wealthy adj.富裕的；有钱的5.anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的；渴望的anxiety n焦虑；不安6.injure vt.伤害injured adj.受伤的injury n伤害；损伤

2、；受伤处7.pain n疼痛painful adj.疼痛的8.breath n呼吸breathe vi.呼吸breathless adj.无声息的；喘不过气来的语境活用1.A health club is a private club that people go to in order to do exercise, keep healthy and avoid unhealthy diets.(health)2.An injured man was taken to the hospital, where the doctors found he suffered severe injur

3、ies to the head and arms and they wondered who had injured him.(injure)3.My mother always gets a bit anxious if we dont arrive when we say we will.We can even feel her anxiety(anxious)4.He was seized with a painful sickness, which nearly crazed him with painBut he took pains to finish his work.(pain

4、)5.This kind of flower is rare, and rarely do I see it.(rare)深谙构词法以y为后缀的形容词一览angerangry 愤怒的bloodbloody 血腥的bonebony 多骨的；瘦骨嶙峋的bossbossy 专横跋扈的；爱指挥他人的cloudcloudy 阴天的 dirtdirty 有灰尘的；脏的dustdusty积满灰尘的earthearthy土的；朴实的fogfoggy 雾蒙蒙的funfunny 有趣的greedgreedy 贪婪的；贪吃的guiltguilty 有罪的handhandy 手边的；便利的healthhealthy

5、健康的 hillhilly丘陵的；多小山的hungerhungry 饥饿的juicejuicy 多汁的lucklucky 幸运的messmessy 凌乱的；肮脏的mudmuddy 脏的；有灰尘的noisenoisy喧闹的price pricy 价格高的；昂贵的rainrainy 有雨的rockrocky岩石的；坚如岩石的scarescary 恐怖的；可怕的shineshiny发光的；闪亮的sleepsleepy 困倦的snowsnowy 下雪的；多雪的spicespicy 辛辣的；多香料的stormstormy 暴风雨的；激烈的sunsunny 阳光明媚的tastetasty美味的；可口的th

6、irstthirsty 渴的waterwatery 水的；湿的windwindy 多风的；刮风的wealthwealthy 富有的；有钱的wordwordy 文字的；冗长的worthworthy 值得的对接高考重点单词词性转换高效演练七I. 单句语法填空1.As soon as he found the cake on the table, he couldnt help eyeing it hungrily (hungry).2.In the morning I saw him heading hurriedly (hurry) for the bus stop. 3.Experts say

7、 these natural (nature) disasters and wild weather are connected with high temperatures.4.I was delighted to see my students preparing for the final exam positively（positive）.5.He has a pain in the back and it is so painful (pain) that he cant stand upright.6.In any unsafe (safe) situation, simply p

8、ress the button and a highlytrained agent will get you the help you need.7.But nowadays some students like eating junk food, and are crazy about playing computer games.Whats worse, they rarely (rare) take exercise.As a result, they become overweight and unhealthy.8.Anxiously(anxious)I went to bed dr

9、eaming about what I would find at the top of this magical mountain.9.He pointed out that music could be used to reduce peoples anxiety and loneliness (lonely) .10.The black box is a necessary device on an airplane, which records whether everything on the plane will work normally (normal) or not.II.单

10、句改错1.From that moment on, the scientist adopted a normally lifestyle. normallynormal 2.Anxiously all the time, I was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time. AnxiouslyAnxious3.Wealth is seldom related to happy. happyhappiness4.Tom rare goes to other places except for the office. rarer

11、arely5.Have a balance diet and take more exercise,and you will keep fit. balance balancedIII.短文语法填空No one is sure how many Americans belong to reading groups called book clubs. Yet 1. (publisher) and bookstores report that more and more people throughout the United States are joining 2. (they)Most o

12、f the clubs work the same way. Members read the same book at the same time. Then they meet to talk about the book. Members may be friends or people 3. live near each other. Some Americans belong to reading groups on 4. Internet. These groups include people around the world who communicate about book

13、s they read. They send electronic mails instead of gathering 5. (discuss) books.Most reading groups study books by 6. (variety) writers. However，some groups read the work of a single writer，7. (usual) one that has been famous for a while. Other groups may 8. (name) for an important person in the wor

14、k of a writer，9. a Sherlock Holmes Club. Members of these book clubs often are experts on their 10. (choose) reading materials. One member of a Holmes reading group，for example，can identify almost every person in every Sherlock Holmes story.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国越来越多的人加入读书俱乐部以及读书俱乐部的运作方式、命名方式等。1pu

15、blishers解析：考查名词。此处与and后面的bookstores一起构成并列主语，publisher为可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故填publishers。2them解析：考查代词。join表示“成为的一员，加入”，是及物动词，后面应跟宾语，故填they的宾格形式them。3who/that解析：考查定语从句。先行词是people，空处在从句中作主语，故填who/that。4the解析：考查冠词。on the Internet“在网上”，为固定搭配。5to discuss解析：考查非谓语动词。他们发送电子邮件而不是聚集起来讨论他们读过的书。此处动词不定式作目的状语。6various解析

16、：考查形容词。大部分读书俱乐部研究不同作家的书。空后的writers为名词，应该用形容词来修饰，variety的形容词形式为various，故填various。7usually解析：考查副词。空后的“one that has been famous for a while”是空前writer的同位语。usually起强调作用，修饰代词one。部分副词起强调作用时，可修饰名词、代词、介词短语等，如：Even John agreed to come.(修饰名词)；Only she could come.(修饰代词)；He went to the party only because of his

17、wife.(修饰介词短语)。8be named解析：考查被动语态。此处name是动词，意为“命名”，在句中作谓语，与主语“Other groups”之间为被动关系，且空前有情态动词，故填be named。9like解析：考查介词。其他的俱乐部可能以一个作家的作品里的一个重要人物而命名，比如夏洛克福尔摩斯俱乐部。空后为举例子，故填like“像，例如”。10chosen解析：考查非谓语动词。这些读书俱乐部的成员通常是他们选中的阅读材料方面的专家。提示词choose是动词，与其所修饰的名词短语“reading materials”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用choose的过去分词作定语，故填cho

18、sen。IV.短文改错I came to the US. as a exchange student a year before. There are four people in my host family. They are Mr. Garavalia，his wife and his child. The host family has a magic what has pulled me in and make me part of it. I remember when I first arrived at my house，it was far past their usual

19、bedtime. But Mr. Garavalia still waited me in the living room and gave me a huge hug just as I walked in.I was felt so warm after 14 hours of tired flight. Every day they treat me as if I were their really family.I love them very much.答案：I came to the US. as exchange student a year .There are four p

20、eople in my host family. They are Mr. Garavalia，his wife and his .The host family has a magic has pulled me in and me part of it. I remember when I first arrived at house，it was far past their usual bedtime. But Mr. Garavalia still waited me in the living room and gave me a huge hug just as I walked

21、 in. I felt so warm after 14 hours of flight. Every day they treat me as if I were their family. I love them very much.基础盘点自测自评08重点词汇拓展词汇1.addict n对(药物等)上瘾的人；瘾君子addictive adj.(药物等)上瘾的addicted adj.上瘾的；成瘾的addiction n瘾；入迷；嗜好2.danger n危险dangerous adj.危险的endanger vt.使遭受危险，危及3.power n权力powerful adj.有力的；(药

22、等)有功效的powerless adj.无影响力的；无力的 4.crime n罪行；犯罪行为criminal n罪犯5.connect v联系connection n联系；关系；关联6.legal adj.合法的illegal adj.违法的；不合法的7.treat v治疗；对待treatment n治疗8.disagree vi.不同意；意见不合disagreement n不同意；争执9.affect vt.影响；对有坏影响 / vi.喜欢effect n影响 /affection n.喜欢；喜爱语境活用1.He drove so fast that I really felt my lif

23、e was in dangerSo I told him driving fast was dangerous and if he didnt slow down，he would endanger our lives. (danger) 2.Playing computer games can be a dangerous addictionIt often starts as a hobby，but it is so addictive that many young people are addicted to it.Sometimes the addicts will break th

24、e law in order to play these games.(addict)3.People had to treat themselves in their own way before they received the treatment sent by the government.(treat)4.After he came to power, everyone said he was a powerful leader, but now he feels so powerless that he even cant save his daughter.(power)深谙构

25、词法高考英语加en-前缀 & -en 后缀变成动词荟萃ableenable 使能够 largeenlarge扩大richenrich使充实;使丰富 dangerendanger危及 courageencourage 鼓励 frightfrighten 使吃惊；惊吓broadbroaden 使变宽 riperipen 使成熟sharpsharpen 使尖锐 widewiden加宽shortshorten 变短 deepdeepen 加深darkdarken使变暗 hardharden使变硬对接高考重点单词词性转换高效演练八I.单句语法填空1.Whatever she says will not

26、make any difference to our arrangements（arrange）. 2.Being addicted to the Internet，as many adolescents do，will to some extent have a negative effect（affect）on their mental and physical health.3.Tom used to be hardworking, but unfortunately (fortunate), when he was addicted to computer games, everyth

27、ing changed.4. How was your holiday?It couldnt have been more boring (bore)I just stayed in the hotel because it was raining most of the time.5.Whatever difficulties（difficult）we may meet with, we will not give up our dream.6.If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely t

28、o stick to healthy food choices （choose）throughout the day.7.At first Robert wouldnt let his daughter go diving, but eventually（eventual）he gave in as she was so confident about her skills.8.Some time later, a person offered me some crack cocaine，which is a powerfully（powerful）addictive drug and can

29、 be injected or smoked.9.It is recognised that nothing is more harmful（harm）to ones health than drugs.10.Its more likely that none of us start a conversation because its awkward and challenging (challenge), or we think its annoying and unnecessary. 单句改错1.Some people believe whatever has happened bef

30、ore or is happening now will repeat it in the future. ititself2.I think Ill take your advices and go on a diet. advicesadvice3.Dont mention that at the beginning of the story, or it may give away the shocked endingshockedshocking4.We were affected by the news that she got serious injured. seriousser

31、iously5. You must write down all the information relating to the problem. relatingrelatedIII.短文语法填空Many of us wake up feeling 1. (tire) in the morning. Many of us ignore the problem as the day goes on, 2. (forget) that it might have a 3. (danger) effect. Society even glorifies “burning the candle at

32、 both ends” as 4. sign of our devotion to work and family.Believe it 5. not, all this bad sleep has farreaching consequences. We just do not give ourselves enough chances to sleep. A survey of over 74，000 people found 35 percent reported sleeping less than seven hours daily 6. average. Furthermore,

33、the amount of sleep 7. (change) greatly over the past 15 years.This lack of sleep can lead to many serious 8. (problem). One study found that 9. (simple) limiting yourself to six hours of sleep a night for two weeks had similar effects to staying up all night the night before, 10. could make you per

34、form poorly on a timed attention task.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了很多人睡眠不足的现象和由此导致的一些问题。1tired解析：考查形容词。本句主语是人，故用形容词tired作feeling的表语。2forgetting解析：考查非谓语动词。空处与其逻辑主语Many of us 构成主谓关系，因此用现在分词作状语。3dangerous解析：考查形容词。空后为名词，故用形容词修饰。4a解析：考查冠词。此处表示作为我们对工作和家庭的奉献的一种标志，表泛指，故用a。5or解析：考查固定短语。believe it or not 为固定短语，意为“信不信由你”。6on解

35、析：考查介词。on average 为固定搭配，意为“平均来看，按平均值”。7has changed解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“over the past 15 years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，且该句的主语是“the amount of sleep”，故谓语动词用单数形式。8problems解析：考查名词。空前有many 修饰，且problem为可数名词，故用其复数形式。9simply解析：考查副词。此处修饰非谓语动词 limiting，故应用副词。10which解析：考查定语从句。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，又因关系词在从句中作主语，指代空前的“(simple) limiting.the night before”，故用which。IV.短文改错This summer, I attended a journ