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基于 S7 200 楼宇 供水 控制系统 设计

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浙江工业大学浙西分校信息与电子工程系毕业设计（外文翻译）ECONO-PILOT”ENERGY-SAVING SYSTEM FOR WATER PUMPSWe have developed the “Econo-Pilot” energy-saving system for water pumps, which reduces the power consumption of motors for water supply. In the energy-saving control field, the conventional method used is that of constant pressure control of the water supply with inverters. However, as Econo-Pilot employs a method of variable water pressure control corresponding to flow volume, the system can raise the energy-saving ratio up to 90 percent. This paper describes the principles of the system and its basic functions, along with a case study of some practical applications.INTRODUCTIONWith the background of fulfilling public commitments for the prevention of global warning, many countries have consolidated related laws and regulations aiming to reduce energy consumption. Energy conservation has become one of the important issues for companies and organizations accredited with the ISO 14000 series standards certification because they are required to achieve yearly targets for improvements, which have, in a sense, the same implications as laws. In a prolonged recession, investments in energy-saving activities directly linked with cost reduction have attracted increasing attention.However, large-scale renewal investments which entail enormous costs cannot be implemented easily. Consequently, there have been increasing needs for energy conservation activities which bring about substantial cost reduction effects but can be conducted inexpensively with ease and minimum risks, while at the same time utilizing existing facilities.Figure 1 is a graphical indication of the energy consumption ratios of office buildings, which is based on research conducted by the Building-Energy Managers Association of Japan. As indicated in the graph, air conditioning-related items account for half of the total consumption. This means that air conditioning must be the main target for energy conservation.Figure 1 Energy Consumption of Office Buildings by UsageAmong air conditioning-related technologies, we have focused on the control of air conditioning pumps and have developed a new energy-saving control system called Econo-Pilot which meets the requirements for implementations mentioned earlier system.The Econo-Pilot adopts a new control mechanism contrived by three enterprises-Yokogawa Electric Corporation, Asahi Kogyosha Co, Ltd., and The First Energy Service Company, Limited-and was commercialized by Yokogawa after the development and demonstration phases, through joint research with the New Energy and Industrial Technical Development Organization (NEDO).OVERVIEW OF AN AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMFigure 2 shows an overview of an air conditioning system. Broadly speaking, energy is consumed by heat sources, water pumps, and ventilators.FIgure 2 Overview of an Air Conditioning System A heat source generates cold/hot water through gas combustion in the case of applying a gas-based cold/hot water generator, the cold/hot water is then conveyed to air conditioners by water pumps. Inside air conditioner, the cold/hot water is flowing through heat exchange equipment where air is warned up or cooled when passing through the heat exchange equipment via ventilators- and then the warned/cooled air is blown to an area through ducts.Water pumps are mainly classified into primary pumps, secondary pumps, and cooling pumps, but their power consumption is almost the same. Among them, we have focused on secondary water pumps whose flow volume varies significantly according to demand.“经济型”节能系统在水泵方面的应用 我们已经对经济型的水泵节能系统作了一些研究，这个系统帮助节约马达对运输水时的功耗。在节能领域，传统的方法是利用整流器通过压力来控制水量，而“经济型”系统采用多种水压保证流量的水压相一致，因此这个系统能使节能效率达到90%。本文将着重介绍系统的原理基本功能以及部分实际应用情况。引言 在保护地球的号召下，许多国家联合并巩固了相关的法律法规来实现减少能源消耗，能量守恒问题之所以成为工厂机构最重要的问题之一，归功于ISO14000系列标准的保证，因为他们每年都必须达标就如同服从法律一样，在长期的经济萧条中，与经济紧密相连的节能投资已经开始倍受关注。然而大规模的节能设施投资之所以没有那么容易实施，主要是需要负担巨大的经济成本，渐渐的，人们对低风险，低成本，高效率的能量守恒需求越高。图1，指示了办公室各种设备能量消耗的情况，此图由日本能量建筑理事协会通过研究得出，从图可得空调的消耗量占一半，这意味着空调将是能量守恒所研究的主要对象。图1 办公室各种设备能量消耗的情况在众多的关于空调的技术中，我们已经把目标集中在空调泵上，并制造出一种“经济型”的新型节能控制系统，这个系统迎合了先前系统所缺少的需求。“经济型”节能系统采取了一种新的控制机制，这个机制由Yokojana电子公司，Asahikojyoshal有限公司和第一能源服务公司三大企业联合制定。第一能源服务公司后来通过发展和研究被Yokojana吞并。并且通过了ZN与（工业技术发展组织）ITDO的联合研究。回顾先前空调系统图2显示了空调的内部系统，分析先前空调系统，从总体上讲，能源主要以散热，水泵，通风装置的形式消耗。图2 空调的内部系统 通过电动机引起的热能给水升温，然后通过水泵把冷/热水输到空调内部。冷/热水进入转换由排风扇实行空气升/降温，然后从管道中释放冷空气。 水泵主要分为主水泵，次要水泵和冷却水泵，但他们的能源几乎相同，其中我们主要研究次要水泵，他的流量大小可通过需要发生改变。不规则空调系统的构造指示了冷/热水的流经方向通过加热产生的冷/热水被回流到主要水泵当中，应承对恒温水的要求很高，次要水泵主要负责输送要求的水量。任何位置的空调操作都由室内温度传感器和双向回管所控制的，当温度达到预先设置的温度时，这些管会自动关闭，因此次要水泵的流量会