2020_2021学年新教材高中英语Unit2MakingadifferenceUsinglanguage课件外研版必修第三册

1、Unit 2Making a difference Using language 语法精讲语法精讲深化学习深化学习 过去分词作定语过去分词作定语 【情境探究】【情境探究】 观察上面图片及对话观察上面图片及对话, 完成下列题目。完成下列题目。 (1)图片对话中图片对话中, 属于过去分词的是属于过去分词的是_, 在句中作在句中作_。 (2)图片中图片中boiling water意为意为: _, boiled water意为意为: _。由此可。由此可 知知, 这个女孩马上能喝的是这个女孩马上能喝的是_ water。 boiled定语定语 正在沸腾的水正在沸腾的水开水开水 boiled 【要义详析】【

2、要义详析】 一、过去分词作定语的位置一、过去分词作定语的位置 过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。从语法功能分析过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。从语法功能分析, 过去分词兼有动词、形过去分词兼有动词、形 容词或副词的特性容词或副词的特性, 可在句中充当定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。过去分词可在句中充当定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。过去分词 通常与其逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系通常与其逻辑主语之间存在动宾关系, 表示被动或完成。表示被动或完成。 1. 单个的过去分词作定语通常放在被修饰词之前单个的过去分词作定语通常放在被修饰词之前; 过去分词短语作定语则放在过去分词短语作定语则放在 被修饰词之后被修饰词之后,

3、相当于一个定语从句。相当于一个定语从句。 *The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital. 受伤的受伤的 工人现在正在医院受到良好的照料。工人现在正在医院受到良好的照料。 *Near the window, there is a bookshelf filled with books. =Near the window, there is a bookshelf that is filled with books. 窗户旁边有一窗户旁边有一 个书架个书架, 上面摆满了书。上面摆满了书。 【名师点津】【名

4、师点津】有些过去分词表示特定含义有些过去分词表示特定含义, 单独作定语也放在被修饰的名词之单独作定语也放在被修饰的名词之 后后, 如如left(剩余的剩余的), given(所给的所给的), concerned(有关的有关的)等。另外等。另外, 单个过去分词单个过去分词 作定语修饰代词时作定语修饰代词时, 应该放在被修饰词的后面。应该放在被修饰词的后面。 *There is a little time left. Lets hurry up. 剩余时间不多了剩余时间不多了, 咱们快点吧。咱们快点吧。 2. 有些过去分词作定语既可前置也可后置有些过去分词作定语既可前置也可后置, 意义不变意义不变

5、, 但有些过去分词置于被但有些过去分词置于被 修饰词前后的位置不同修饰词前后的位置不同, 则意义也不相同。则意义也不相同。 *All the broken windows have been repaired. =All the windows broken have been repaired. 所有坏了的窗户都已经修理好了。所有坏了的窗户都已经修理好了。 *The method used is very efficient. 所用的这个方法很有效。所用的这个方法很有效。 *This is a used car worth only 5, 000 yuan. 这是一辆只值这是一辆只值5 00

6、0元的旧车。元的旧车。 【名师点津】【名师点津】有些表示情感或心理状态的过去分词已经完全形容词化有些表示情感或心理状态的过去分词已经完全形容词化, 常见的常见的 这类过去分词有这类过去分词有: disappointed(失望的失望的), moved(感动的感动的), interested(感兴趣的感兴趣的), surprised(感到惊讶的感到惊讶的), shocked(震惊的震惊的, 震撼的震撼的), puzzled(迷惑不解的迷惑不解的), frightened(受惊吓的受惊吓的)等。等。 【即学活用】【即学活用】 (1)语法填空。语法填空。 Most of the suggestions

7、 _ (make) at the meeting were not very practical. Look! The students _ (seat) at the back of the classroom are playing computer games. She only eats fruit _ (grow)on her own farm. Who is the girl _ (absorb) in reading a book under the tree? Those _ (infect) have been taken to hospital. made seated g

8、rown absorbed infected (2) _can never be found again. 失去的时间永不再来。失去的时间永不再来。 (3)She is a teacher _. =She is a teacher _by all her students. 她是一位受所有学生尊敬的老师。她是一位受所有学生尊敬的老师。 (4)The leaves _every year make the soil richer and richer. 年年 年埋在地下的树叶使得土壤越来越肥沃。年埋在地下的树叶使得土壤越来越肥沃。 The lost time respected by all h

9、er students who is respected buried in the earth 二、过去分词作定语的意义二、过去分词作定语的意义 1. 及物动词的过去分词作定语及物动词的过去分词作定语, 具有完成和被动两层含义。具有完成和被动两层含义。 steamed bread 馒头馒头boiled water 开水开水 2. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语不及物动词的过去分词作定语, 只表示动作的完成只表示动作的完成, 无被动之意。无被动之意。 a fallen tree 一棵倒下的树一棵倒下的树a retired worker 一位退休工人一位退休工人 the stolen backpac

10、k被偷走的背包被偷走的背包 【即学活用】【即学活用】汉译英。汉译英。 一箱埋起来的硬币一箱埋起来的硬币a _box of coins 一台坏了的计算机一台坏了的计算机a _computer 受感动的学生们受感动的学生们 _students 浇过的花浇过的花 _flowers 一位受学生喜爱的老师一位受学生喜爱的老师 a teacher _by students 网上购买的货物网上购买的货物 goods _online 会上提出的计划会上提出的计划 the plan _at the meeting buried damaged moved watered loved bought put for

11、ward 三、不同非谓语动词形式作定语的区别三、不同非谓语动词形式作定语的区别 过去分词作定语过去分词作定语表示被动或完成表示被动或完成 现在分词作定语现在分词作定语表示主动或进行表示主动或进行 现在分词的被动形式作定语现在分词的被动形式作定语表被动和进行表被动和进行 不定式作定语不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作表示将要发生的动作 *Dont use words, phrases or expressions known only to people with specific knowledge. 不要使用那些只有掌握专门知识的人才懂的单词、短语或表达。不要使用那些只有掌握专门知识的人才懂的单

12、词、短语或表达。 *We saw abandoned farms built more than 100 years ago. 我们看到了建于我们看到了建于100多年前被废弃的农场。多年前被废弃的农场。 *Ian has a brother working in a bank in London and a sister studying economics at university in Manchester. 伊恩有一个在伦敦的银行工作的哥哥和一个在曼彻斯特大学学习经济学的姐伊恩有一个在伦敦的银行工作的哥哥和一个在曼彻斯特大学学习经济学的姐 姐。姐。 *I am not interest

13、ed in the topic being discussed by my friends. 对于朋友们现在对于朋友们现在 讨论的话题讨论的话题, 我一点儿也不感兴趣。我一点儿也不感兴趣。 *The policies to be passed will benefit the farmers a lot. 即将通过的这些政策将使农民受益很多。即将通过的这些政策将使农民受益很多。 【知识延伸】【知识延伸】 感官动词感官动词 look, smell, sound, taste, feel 和不及物动词及短语和不及物动词及短语, 如如belong to, date from, consist of,

14、 start, happen, take place等等, 没有被动形式没有被动形式, 所以作定语所以作定语 时通常用主动表被动。时通常用主动表被动。 *The meet starting at 3 pm lasted three hours. 下午三点开始的会议持续了三个小时。下午三点开始的会议持续了三个小时。 *You dont have right to possess the property belonging to her. 你无权占有属于你无权占有属于 她的财产。她的财产。 【即学活用】【即学活用】语法填空。语法填空。 (2019天津高考天津高考)Most colleges no

15、w offer first-year students a course specially _ (design)to help them succeed academically and personally. The idea _(present) by Peter is much simpler. This is the problem _(discuss) now. The bridge _(construct)next year will be of great importance. The problem _ (discuss)at the meeting yesterday w

16、as difficult to solve. designed presented being discussed to be constructed discussed 【语法主题应用】【语法主题应用】 根据提示运用本课时所学语法知识填空。根据提示运用本课时所学语法知识填空。 Ryan is an average boy. He likes books 1. _(write) by J. K Rowling and likes songs 2. _ (sing) by Michael Jackson. But he is also a warm- hearted boy. When he w

17、as a boy 3. _(age) 6, he had trouble believing the words 4. _(speak) by his teacher that many people in 5. _ (develop) African countries couldnt get enough clean water. 6. _ (realize)life was difficult for them, he decided to help them. At first, he only wanted to build a well but his action made a

18、great difference. Many 7. _ written sung aged spokendeveloping Realizing inspired (inspire) people began to give him their support. Over 800, 000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from the life-changing gift of clean, safe water. What a kind and 8. _(determine) boy! determined 主题活动

19、主题活动话题实践话题实践 Activity 1Personal qualities . 话题词汇话题词汇 1. be sensitive很敏感很敏感 2. be kind of lazy有点懒有点懒 3. the most honest person 最诚实的人最诚实的人 4. get nervous紧张紧张 5. make wise decisions做明智的决定做明智的决定 6. never hesitate to help 毫不犹豫地去帮忙毫不犹豫地去帮忙 7. extremely messy一团糟一团糟 8. cheer sb. up让某人振作起来让某人振作起来 9. be gener

20、ous很慷慨很慷慨, 大方大方 10. an independent thinker独立思考者独立思考者 . 话题情境话题情境 选择恰当的选项完成对话选择恰当的选项完成对话 Max: What do you think of Mary? George: 1. If her classmate is in need, She never hesitates to help. Max: I think so. Almost everyone in our class likes her. But 2, especially when she is asked to speak in front o

21、f many people. George: You are right. She doesnt like to do that. Max: However, I admire her very much in some aspects. I think 3. She often makes wise decisions all by herself. George: Sure. And she is very kind, too. Last time, I failed the exams and I was disappointed. When she knew it, she came

22、up to comfort me and 4. I am grateful for what she did. A. sometimes she gets nervous B. she did what she could to cheer me up C. she is an independent thinker D. She is very generous 答案答案: 14. DACB Activity 2To be a volunteer . 情境句式情境句式 1. He wants to donate money to. . . 他想向他想向捐钱。捐钱。 2. I like to

23、teach. . . 我喜欢教我喜欢教 3. She often takes care of. . . 她经常照顾她经常照顾 4. They volunteered to do . . . 他们自愿做他们自愿做 5. We are interested in. . . 我们对我们对感兴趣。感兴趣。 6. She has previous working experience. 她之前有工作经验。她之前有工作经验。 7. What do you think of. . . ?你对你对感觉如何感觉如何? 8. I will try my best to do. . . 我会尽最大努力做我会尽最大努力做 9. First of all, you need to. . . 首先首先, 你需要你需要 10. Could you tell us how to become. . . ? 你能告诉我们怎样才能成为你能告诉我们怎样才能成为吗吗? . 情境交流情境交流 某学生正在给某机构打电话某学生正在给某机构打电话, 询问