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摘 要塑料注射模具主要用来成型热塑性塑料制品，但近年来越来越广泛地用于成型热固性塑料制品。设计注射模具时，既要考虑塑料熔体流动行为等塑料加工工艺要求方面的问题，又要考虑模具制造装配等模具结构方面的问题，归纳起来大致有以下几个方面：(1) 了解塑料熔体的流动行为，考虑塑料在流道和型腔各处流动的阻力，流动速度，校验最大流动长度。根据塑料在模具内流动方向(即充模顺序)，考虑塑料在模具内重新熔合和模腔内原有空气导出的问题。(2) 考虑冷却过程中塑料收缩及补缩问题。(3) 通过模具设计来控制塑料在模具内结晶、取向和改善制品的内应力。(4) 进浇点和分型面的选择问题。(5) 制件的横向分型抽芯及顶出的问题。(6) 模具的冷却或加热问题。(7) 模具有关尺寸与所有注射机的关系，包括与注射机的最大注射量、锁模力、装模部分的尺寸等的关系。(8) 模具总体结构和零件形状要简单合理，模具应具有适当的精度、光洁度、强度和刚度，易于制造和装配。以上这些问题，并非孤立存在，而是相互影响的，应综合加以考虑。关键词：型芯、型腔、浇口、浇注系统、脱模机构ABSTRACTPlastic injection mold is mainly used to molding thermoplastic plastics, but in recent years, more and more widely used for thermosetting plastic molding products.Design of injection mould, should not only consider the plastic melt flow behavior and other plastic processing technical requirements problems, such as manufacturing and assembly of the die is to consider the mould structure, roughly classified into the following several aspects:(1) to understand the plastic melt flow behavior, considering plastic throughout the runner and cavity flow resistance, flow velocity, flow check maximum length. According to the plastic flow in mould (that is, the molding order), considering the plastic in the mold to the fusion and cavity within the original air export problem.(2) considering the cooling process of plastic shrinkage and feeding problems.(3) through the mould design to control the plastic in the mold of crystallization, orientation and internal stress of improved products.(4) into the pour point and parting surface selection problem.(5) parts of horizontal parting core-pulling and ejection.(6) the mould cooling or heating problem.(7) all mold size and the relationship between the injection machine, including the maximum number of injection and injection machine, clamping force, the size of the mould parts, etc.(8) mould overall structure and the shape of parts is simple and reasonable, the mould should have appropriate precision, smoothness, strength and stiffness, easy to manufacture and assembly.Above these problems, does not exist in isolation, but influence each other, s