初中英语被动语态讲解练习及答案

1、被动语态一、 考点、热点回顾【词汇辨析】1. across, through 穿过across 指从一定范围的一边到另一边。动作是在物体的表面进行。常用于横穿街道、河流，穿过桥梁等。 eg:They walk across the bridge.他们步行走过了这座桥。through侧重从物体的内部空间穿过，动作是在物体内部进行。常用于门、窗户、森林等。eg:He walks through the park.他步行穿过公园。2. ill ， sick “生病的 ”。ill 只在系动词后作表语eg: Her mother was ill in bed.sick既可作表语eg: Her mothe

2、r was sick in bed.也可作定语eg: Jane is taking care of her sick mother.若 ill 作定语，译为“坏的，恶劣的 ”eg:an ill person 一个坏人sick 作表语时也常译为“恶心的，想吐的“eg:The boy always feels sick when he travels by car.【固定搭配】动词 + 名词 / 代词 / 副词 + 介词make room for给 .腾出地方eg: We can make room for her at this table.play a joke on戏弄人；对人恶作剧eg:

3、We cantplay a joke on law.speak highly of称赞eg: The customs speak highly of their quality of service.say good bye to 告别；告辞eg: I dont want to say good bye to them.take an active part in积极参加eg: They take an active part in school activities.take care of 照顾；照料；注意eg: Could you take care of my plants while

4、 Im on vacation?【被动语态】（一）语态：英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如： Many people speak Chinese.谓语： speak 的动作是由主语many people 来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如： Chinese is spoken by many people.主语 English 是动词 speak 的承受者。（二）被动语态的构成被动语态由 “助动词 be及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be 的变化表现出来的。现以s

5、peak 为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时： am is are spoken一般过去时： was were spoken一般将来时： will shall be spoken现在进行时： am is are being spoken1过去进行时： was/were being spoken现在完成时： have has beenspoken过去完成时： had been + spoken（三）被动语态的用法（ 1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如： Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。（不知道是

6、谁偷的）This bridge was founded in 1981. 这座桥竣工于1981 年。（ 2）强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如： The glass was broken by Mike. 玻璃杯是迈克打破的。 This book was written by him. 这本书是他写的。Your homework must be finished on time. 你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。（四）主动语态变被动语态的方法（ 1）把主动语态的 宾语 变为被动语态的 主语 。（ 2）把谓语 变成被动结构（ be过去分词 ） （根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来

7、主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be 的形式）。（ 3）把主动语态中的主语放在介词by 之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：All the peoplelaughed at him . He was laughed at by all people .They make the bikes in the factory. The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down a tree .A tree was cut down by him .（五）含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词 be过去分词 ”构成We

8、 can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days. They should do it at once. It should be done at once.（六）特殊情况1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday. The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.2.Mother never lets me watch TV . I am never let to watch TV

9、 by mother.3.Jack gave Peter a Christmas present just now.（ 1）A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now.（ 2）Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now.常见的句型结构：It is ( was) agreed ( believed/decided/hoped/thought.）that. .大家同意（相信、决定、希望、认为）.It is ( was) well known that.众所周知It is

10、 ( was) taken for granted that.被视为当然It must be remembered that.务必记住 .2It mustn t be forgotten that.千万别忘记 .It is ( was) said( reported ，heard ， told ， suggested) that .据说 ( 报道、听说、告知、建议.)二、典型例题（）1 The Olympic Games _every four years.A are heldB were heldC are holdingD will ho1d（）2.In the art show ， a

11、lot of enjoyment _to foreign friends by the Chinese paintings A is givingB is givenC will giveD has given（） 3.Today Chinese is becoming more and more popular. It _in. many schools around the world.A. teachesB. is teachingC. has taughtD. is taught（）4.Ba Jin, one of the greatest writers in China, _as

12、Peoples Writer.A. is regardedB. has regardedC. is regardingD. regards（）5.Usually computers _to search the Internet.A. useB. are usingC. are usedD. used（）6.-Do you often clean your classroom?-Yes. Our classroom _every day.A. cleanB. cleansC. is cleaned（）7.一 Did you hear that water in Tai Lake smelt t

13、errible?一 Yes In fact ， it _.Thats all because of the people and the factories around A pollutedB was pollutedC has pollutedD was po11ute（）8. -Our environment is getting worse than before.-Youre right. But thanks to Earth Day_, people have done more and more useful things toprotect( 保护 )the earth si

14、nce Earth Day.A. is startedB. was startedC. has started（）9. -I feel very happy that I _to be the host.-Congratulations!A. chooseB. am chosenC. was chosenD. haven chosen（）10. Many trees and flowers _ in our school last year ，and they made our school a beautiful garden A plantB plantedChave plantedD w

15、ere planted（）11. Some famous paintings _in the hall next week.A. will showB. were shownC. is shownD. will be shown（）12. A talk on developments in science and technologyin the school hall next week .A. givenB. will be givenC. has been givenD. gives（）13.-Great changes have taken place in this city.-Ri

16、ght. Many modern tall buildings have been _ these days.A. turned upB. put upC. shown upD. fixed up3（）14.Twelve-year-olds should notto drive in China.A. allowB. be allowC. allowedD. be allowed（）15. Do you often clean your classroom?Yes, our classroom _ every day.A. cleanB. cleansC. is cleanedD. Clean

17、ed三、课后练习（）1 Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start. I m sorry,t buI_ when to meet.A. don t tellB. didn t tellC. haven t toldD. wasn t told（）2 Many old houses around our school _ next year and a large green area will appear.A. pull downB. will be pulled downC. will pull downD. are

18、 pulled down（）3 - My watch _.- Don t worry. Let s go to the Lost & Found.A. is lostB. is brokenC. has foundD. has stopped（）4 -Did you go to Sams weekend party?-No, I_.A. am not invitedB. wasn t invitedC. haven t invitedD. didn t invite（）5 - How often _ your school sports meeting _?- Once a year.A. d

19、oes; holdB. was; holdC. is; heldD. did; hold（）6 On May 30th, , one bowl in the Ming dynasty (明朝 ) _ at the price of 30.36 million HongKong dollars.A. sellB. soldC. is soldD. was sold（）7 The Thousand- hand Guanyin _ by many people as the best performance at CCTVs SpringFestival Evening.A. has been re

20、gardedB . are regardedC. has regardedD. regards（）8 Those eggs of different colors are very beautiful. Yes, they _ in Hangzhou.A. paintedB. were paintingC. were paintedD. had painted（）9 -Dont litter the ground, boy ,Look at the sign:“Rubbishinto the dustbin.”-Sorry.A, has throwB,was throwC,must throw

21、D, must be thrown（）10 The 29th 0lympic Games _in Beijing in 2008A will holdB will be heldChold（）11. The girl was often heardhappily in her room.4A. singB. to singC. singingD. sings（）12. It is reported that more new teaching buildings _ in our school in the next term.A. will be builtB. was builtC. ha

22、s builtD. will build（）13. It is reported that more new teaching buildings _ in our school in the next term.A. will be builtB. was builtC. has builtD. will build（）14. The sick boy _ to hospital by the police yesterday.A. is takenB. was takenC. takesD. took（）15. -It s difficult for the village childre

23、n to cross the river for school.-I think a bridge _ over the river.A. was builtB. is being builtC. has been builtD. should be built（）16. -David, turn off the TV_ no one is watching it.-But it _ off already! The music is from the radio.A. so that, has been turnedB. when, has turnedC. if, has been tur

24、nedD. because, has turned（）17. Usually Johnto school in his fathers beautiful car.A. has takenB. is takingC. is takenD. has been taken（）18. Don t put off todays work for tomorrow. I mean, todays work _ today.A. may doB. must doC. may be doneD. must be done（）19.-Look, what an old palace! It looks so

25、great!-Yeah, it _ nearly 800 years ago.A. was buildingB. was built C. has builtD. is built（）20. Don t discuss the problems with your partner unless you_ to do so.A. askB. are askedC. will askD. will be asked5典型例题一般现在时1A 。解析 考查被动语态，根据句意， “奥运会每四年举行一次”可见须用一般现在时的被动语态，故排除了B、 C、 D。2 答案 B 。 解析 本题考查被动语态，句中

26、a lot of enjoyment 是动作的承受者。 “在这次艺术展中，一些有趣的东西通过中国国画展示给外国朋友。 ”3 答案 D 。 解析 考查被动语态。物作主语，一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性，不能用被动语态。4 答案 A 。 解析 选用一般现在时态的被动语态，表示人们对这位伟大作家的爱戴。5 答案 C 。 解析 从句子看，电脑作主语，是动作的承受者，所以用被动语态，故选C。6. 答案 C 。 解析 考查被动语态物作主语，一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特性，不能用被动语态。一般过去时1 答案 B 。考查被动语态。物作主语，一般要考虑被动语态。但如果动词指的是物的特

27、性，不能用被动语态。2 答案 B 。 解析 从句意：“ 自从地球日开始以来，人们已做了一些越来越有用的事保护环境。”可知，“地球日”的开始，要用一般过去时的被动语态，其构成为was started 故选 B。3. We _into five groups to go to the old peoples home. We did many things to cheer them up. 太原市 A. dividedB. are dividedC. were divided3 答案 C 。 解析 本题主要考查被动语态的用法。根据句意及语境可推知空格处应用被动语态的形式。由后一句 We did

28、many things ”可推断，时态应该是一般过去时。因此选C。4C5D一般将来过去1答案 D 。解析 本题综合考查时态和语态。主语为“一些名画”，在此为动作“展出”的承受者，故应用被动语态，时间状语为next week ，是表示将来的时间状语，所以句子时态是一般将来时，所以D 项正确。2B答案 B答案： D。情态动词用于被动结构为：情态动词+be+ 过去分词。答案为 C。句中有 every day，主语为 our classroom，故要用一般现在时的被动语态。【参考答案】1答案 D 解析：依据句意：对不起，但我不知道什么时候见面。强调动作发生在过去，I 和 tell 之间是被动关系。2答

29、案 B 解析：由题干时间 next year 科知识将来时态，句子主语是old houses ,应用被动语态。故选B 。3答案 A 解析：由 Let s got the Lost & Found. 可知，说明表丢失了。故选4答案 B 解析：由 Did you go to Sam s weekend party?可知陈述过去的动作的发生， I和 invite 之间存在着被动关系。故选 B 。5答案 C 解析： How often+ 一般疑问句？此句型用来提问在某一特定时间内进行某个动作的次数，表示“多长时间一次 ”。往往针对频度副词如：always, seldom, usually, once a month, sometimes, every five minutes. 等提问，常用于现在时或过去时。由题干your school sports meeting作主语，谓语应用被动语态。故选C。6答案 D 解析：由 On May 30th, , 可知动作发