[专业英语考试复习资料]专业八级分类模拟430

1、专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟430专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟430专业八级分类模拟430PART LANGUAGE USAGE To a comparative educationalist many questions about the selection and training of doctors and lawyers in different countries are questions almost without meaning. Asking whether European schools are better than schools in the

2、United States are like asking a 1 comparative anatomist whether a whale is a better mammal than an elephant. The comparative anatomist is interested in examining the similarities and differences to be found in animal or plant organs which carry on the same function; he is very cautious, 2 therefore,

3、 about proclaiming the virtues of a device found in one 3 particular species over a device for a similar purpose found in other. 4 Of course, the anatomist knows that mammals are modified ony slowly by changes in environment; like schools or colleges, no man- 5 made decisions will radically alter th

4、e structure of the functioning organism he is examining. Some will argue that this damages my analog; they may claim that the essence of human organizations lies in the fact conscious 6 acts of men and women can change them, and as history shows, overnight if need be. But wait a moment, the student

5、of the comparative anatomy of schools will say, not overnight surely, except at the point of a bayonet or in our time under the shadow of armored vehicles and tanks. And such changes, he will argue, are the equivalent of pathological alterations. 7 History shows that, except in conditions of threat

6、brought about 8 by external forces, schools and colleges have developed gradually in different parts of the world in response to variety of different 9 conditions. They are a product of the society they serve for and they 10 also influence the future of this society. 1.答案:第二个areis解析 主谓不一致。该句的主语为Aski

7、ng.，其为动名词结构，视为单数，谓语动词应该用单数形式，故将are改为is。2.答案:onout解析 介词误用。carry out的意思是“实现，完成，执行”，而carry on的意思是“从事，继续进行”，根据后面出现的名词function，可知短语carry out符合句意，故将on改为out。3.答案:thereforehowever解析 衔接副词误用。根据上文中的interested in和下文中的cautious可知，此处应用一个表示转折的衔接词，且其前后均有逗号，故将therefore改为however。4.答案:otheranother解析 代词误用。another的意思是“又一

8、个，另一个”，而other表示“(两个中的)另一个”，文中并没有给出限定范围，故将代词other改为another。5.答案:likeunlike解析 语义错误。根据上文提到的mammals are modified only slowly by changes in environment“哺乳动物的缓慢演变只受到环境变化的影响”可知，该处句意是“与学校不同，解剖学家所研究的机体并不受人为因素的影响”。此处指生物和学校并不一样，故将like改为unlike。6.答案:factthat解析 从句引导词缺失。fact后面为同位语从句，应该由that来引导，故在fact后加上that。7.答案:e

9、quivalentequivalens解析 名词单复数错误。由于前面的主语changes及系动词are均为复数形式，后面的表语也应该为复数名词，故将equivalent改为equivalents。8.答案:inunder解析 固定搭配中的介词误用。under conditions of为固定搭配，意思是“在的情况下”，故将介词in改为under。9.答案:varietya解析 冠词缺失。a variety of是固定搭配，意思是“各种各样的”，故在variety前面加上不定冠词a。10.答案:forfor解析 介词冗余。serve为及物动词，其后不需接介词，故将for去掉。PART TRANS

10、LATION问题:1. 小巷的动人处就是它无比的悠闲。无论谁，只要你到巷里去踟躇一会，你的心情就会如巷尾不波的古井，那是一种和平的静穆，而不是阴森和肃杀。它闹中取静，别有天地，仍是人间。它可能是一条现代的乌衣巷，家家有自己的一本哀乐账，一部兴衰史，可是重门叠户，讳莫如深。夕阳影里，野花闲草，燕子低飞，寻觅归家。只是一片澄明如水的气氛，净化一切，笼罩一切，使人忘忧。 巷，是人海汹汹中的一道避风塘，给人带来安全感；是城市喧嚣扰攘中的一带洞天幽静，胜似皇家的阁道，便于平常百姓徘徊徜徉。 爱逐臭争利，锱铢必较的，请到长街闹市去；爱轻嘴薄舌的，争是论非的，请到茶馆酒楼去；爱锣鼓钲镗，管弦嗷嘈的，请到歌台

11、剧院去；爱宁静淡泊，沉思默想的，深深的小巷在欢迎你。 答案:When the sun is setting, swallows will fly low back to their nests over wild flowers and grass. This kind of placid atmosphere, purging and permeating everything, makes us forget all worries. The lane seems to be a haven in the swelling sea of human beings, giving us a

12、sense of security. It is a quiet place in the noisy cities, offering a pleasant serenity. Unlike the road for royal familys vehicles, it is for common people to loiter about for leisure. Those who chase wealth and fame, and haggle over every penny, please go to the downtown. Those who are sharp-tong

13、ued and always argue over the rights and wrongs, please go to the teahouse and restaurant. Those who like sound of gongs and drums as well as the din of wind and string instruments, please go to the opera house and theater. Those who are tired of chasing wealth and fame but prefer serenity and medit

14、ation, welcome to the lane! PART WRITING问题:1. 题目要求：The conflict between economic development and environmental protection is constantly under public debate. Should developing countries prioritize environmental protection over resource extraction when the two are in conflict? The following are opinio

15、ns from different sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to fol

16、low the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Seneca Environmental protection impacts our populations long-term future. If nations do not give priority to environmental protection, it could have terrible impacts on the worlds population in the decades to come. We would no longer have the

17、 necessary resources to be able to support the human race, and the Earth would become an even more hazardous place to live due to global warming, stronger storms, increased pollution and toxins in the atmosphere and the like. Masterbutor Put yourself in their shoes. These people are poor, starving,

18、and we impose these restrictions on them. As we have more wealth we can bare more of the burden. But it really wouldnt be that much of a problem if we wouldnt do things like subsidizing agriculture and destroying the ability of the Third World farmers to compete. If we do that and if we eliminate wo

19、rld hunger (which is doable by a coordinated international effort, in some cases giving people food stamps or some equivalent would suffice since famines are rarely ever caused by the lack of food, its lack of affordability) and help turn the developing economies into developed ones then we should d

20、emand they start cutting emissions. Juris Environment is paramount. Conflict between environmental protection and economic benefits happens. Activities like mining, logging, and the like are examples of such conflict. A country must either have the other, and it cannot have both at all time. But whe

21、n that happens, environmental protection must prevail over economic benefits because the former once lost, its lost forever. On the other hand, there are many activities aside from the above-mentioned that can help a country enjoy economic success. Ultimately, it is supposed to create more jobs for

22、the indigenous people, and save the environment from destruction, deaths, and disaster. Cuttiepie3d All people have the right to live in a clean, safe environment. Yes, because the right to a clean and safe environment is an important and essential human light that should not be denied on the basis

23、of race, class, ethnicity, or position in the global economic system. When resource extraction compromises this essential human right, it worsens the livelihood of people. Teie A developing nation should not give priority to environmental protection over resource extraction. The reality is that prot

24、ecting the environment and resource extraction are not inherently diametrically opposed. Even a developing nation is able to temper resource extraction with environmental protection. Because most developing nations rely upon technology provided by companies and governments from more advanced nations

25、, they are able to utilize these tools to accomplish this balanced objective. Duthes There should be a balance between however being overly concerned with the environmental effects of harvesting resources leads to higher costs and the use of foreign resources that are harvested at the same or even h

26、igher cost to the environment. In my opinion, very modest regulation on methods should be introduced and enforced, however, if there is no other way to obtain whatever material then there should be no negative repercussions from using a method of extraction that causes harm. 答案:高分范文 Should Developin

27、g Countries Prioritize Environmental Protection over Resource Extraction? In Maslows hierarchy of needs, the metabolic requirements for all animals to surviveair, water and foodare considered to be physiological needs which are the most fundamental ones. Especially, the populations in developing cou

28、ntries are still struggling on these basic needs for necessities in the form of the dilemma between environmental protection and resource extraction. In actuality, what is in urgent need for developing countries is to devise a healthy and balanced concept behind the development, instead of following

29、 the developed countries old and disastrous pattern in their industrialization at the painful cost of environmental catastrophe and human beings decay on the journey of pursuing genuine happiness. Those who argue for resource extraction assert that only in this way can developing countries shake off

30、 the chain of starvation and indigence, while the opponents defend for the prioritized concern with environmental protection based on the non-renewable resources and vulnerable ecological system. The consumerism beneath the pattern of resource extraction to accumulate wealth in the era dominated by industry misrepresents the blueprint for human beings happiness. Humans are trapped as worker ants in the hustle and bustle of the remote poor village as well as the modern metropolitan, with the assumption of pursuing happiness at the cost of losing their most