2015年职称英语理工c级考试用书

1、 手机版、网页版、单机版 三位一体多平台学习模式2015年职称英语理工c级考试用书【天宇考王】为广大考生归纳总结职称外语最新考试资讯，让考生最先了解职称外语考试报名等有关事项的通知，天宇考王是一款上机练习题库软件，有单机版、网页版、手机版、三位一体多平台学习模式。第二部分 阅读判断第一篇Taking Pictures of the WorldMeet Annie Griffiths Belt,a National Geographic photographer.Belt has worked for National Geographic since 1978, and has taken p

2、ictures on almost every continent in the world.In fact,Antarctica is the only continent Belt hasnt seen yet.Belts photographs are well known for their beauty and high quality.They also reflect very different agreen landscapes of the Lake District in England.Recently, her pictures appeared in a book

3、about undeveloped natural places in North America.Everywhere that Belt goes, she takes pictures of people.Belt has found ways to connect with people of all ages and nationalities even when she does not speak their language. The greatest privilege of my job is being allowed into peoples lives, she ha

4、s said.The camera is like a passport, and I am often overwhelmed by how quickly people welcome me ! Knowing how to break the ice has helped to make Belt a successful photographer, but experts say that anyone can learn to connect with new people.When people speak the same language, greeting and small

5、 talk can make strangers feel more comfortable with each other.When people dont speak the same language , a smile is very helpful.Having something in common can also help break the ice.For example , Belt has traveled with her two children , so when she takes pictures of children or their parents, th

6、ey all have that family connection in common.Even bad weather can help people to connect when they are experiencing it together.Belt has some advice if you are thinking about a career in photography.You can volunteer to take pictures for a local organization that cant afford to hire a professional p

7、hotographer.You can also take a good, honest look at your best photographs.If youre a real photographer, your photos are good because of your personal and technical skills.Belt also recommends studying and learning from photos taken by professional photographers.Remember, the next time you look as a

8、 beautiful photograph, you might be looking at the work of Annie Griffiths Belt.And the next time you meet a new person, dont be afraid to break the ice.the connection you make could be very rewarding.【词汇】Landscape/ lndskep/ n.风景，风景画 rewarding/ rw:d/ adj.值得的，有益的privilege/ prvld/ n.特权，优惠 报酬的nationali

9、ty /nnlti/ n.国籍，民族 think about 考虑overwhelm /vwelm/ vt.征服;使受不了 使不知所措【注释】1、I am often overwhelmed by我常常被搞得不知所措。2、Having something in common can also help break the ice.彼此的共同点也有助于打开话题。【练习】1、Belt has never traveled to England.A、Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned2、Belt has never traveled to Antarctica.A.Right

10、 B.Wrong C.Not mentioned3、Belt has worked for a number of magazines.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned4、Petra is a very old city in Jordan.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned5、Belt can only connect with English-speakers.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned6、People can connect with each other in bad weather.A.Ri

11、ght B.Wrong C.Not mentioned7、Volunteering is one way to begin a photography career.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned【答案与题解】1、B 在第二段第三行，作者提到贝尔特曾经为英格兰湖区的美景拍过照片.那她自然就去过英格兰。因此，这一题题干的表述( 贝尔特从没去过英格兰) 明显是错误的。2、A 第一段第三行说到南极洲是贝尔特唯一没亲眼见过的大洲，那么她必然没去过南极洲。所以这一题题干的表述(贝尔特从没去过南极洲) 是正确的。3、C 第一段第一行提到贝尔特从1978 年就开始为国家地理杂

12、志工作，但是并无其他信息，所以我们无从得知在1978 年之前.贝尔特是否还为其他杂志工作过。所以我们既没法说贝尔特只为国家地理一家杂志工作过，也没法说贝尔特在很多家杂志工作过。因而，我们无法在文 中找到这一题题干所表述的信息( 贝尔特在很多家杂志工作过)，答案只能是C。4、A 在第二段第二行，作者提到贝尔特曾经在约旦的古城佩特拉进行过拍摄，这迎合题干的表述(佩特拉是一座古老的约旦城市)。所以答案为A。5、B 在第三段第一行第二句话，作者提到：在语言不通的情况下，贝尔特找到了和不同年龄、不同民族的人沟通的方法。而魍千中的表述(贝尔特只能和会说英语的人沟通)和文中的信息完全不符，所以答案为B。6、

13、A 在第四段第七行，作者提到：一起体验坏天气可以帮助人们增进相互间的交流。这和题干的表述(人们在坏天气下可以相互沟通)基本一致.所以答案为A。7、A 第五段第一行提到贝尔特为希望从事摄影行业的人提供了一些建议：当个志愿者为没钱请专业摄影师的地方机构拍摄照片。这和题干的表述(做一名志愿者是开始摄影生涯的一种方式)基本吻合，所以答案为A。【翻译】镜头中的世界让我们来认识摄影师艾妮?格里菲斯?贝尔特。贝尔特从1978年以来就一直在为国家地理杂志拍摄照片，她的拍摄足迹几乎遍布世界上的所有大洲。事实上，南极洲是贝尔特唯一没亲眼见过的大洲。贝尔特的拍摄作品因美轮美奂和质量上乘而广为人知，它们也反映了世界上

14、不同的文化和地区。贝尔特曾经为约旦古城佩特拉和英格兰湖区的美景拍过照片。最近，在一本介绍北美未开发的自然区域的书中出现了她的摄影作品。无论去哪里，贝尔特都在所到之处拍下人物照片。贝尔特已经找到在语言不通的情况下和不同年龄、不同民族的人进行沟通的方法。“我的工作的最大优势就是可以走进人们的生活，”她说，“照相机就像通行证一样，而且我常常由于人们迅速地接纳我而被搞得手足无措!”知道如何打开话题帮助贝尔特成为了一名成功的摄影师，但是专家们声称任何人都能学会如何同陌生 人打交道。当语言相通时，打招呼和相互寒暄能使陌生人之间感到更舒适。当语言不通时，微笑就会变得很有用。彼此的共同点也有助于打开话题。比如

15、，贝尔特常 和她的两个孩子一起旅行，所以当她为孩子们或孩子们的父母拍照时，他们就有了相同之处：家庭联系。甚至一起体验坏天气也可以帮助人们增进相互间的交流。如果你正在考虑从事摄影行业，贝尔特对此有一些建议。你可以当个志愿者为没钱请专业摄影师的地 方机构拍摄照片。你也可以用诚实的态度仔细端详自己最好的摄影作品。如果你是一位真正的摄影师，你的作品会因为你的个人特色和精湛的技艺而变得出类拔萃。 贝尔特也推荐向专业摄影师的作品学习。记住，当你下一次看到漂亮的照片时，也许你看的正是艾妮?格里菲斯?贝尔特的作品。当你下一次遇见陌生人时，不要害怕打开话题。你为沟通所做的一切都是非常值得的。第二篇Own You

16、r Childrens Education Helping them isnt about showing your kids how to do the work.Its about being genuinely interested and having regular conversations about what theyre learning,says J.Gary Knowles,a professor at the Ontario Institute for Studies in Education,part of the University of Toronto.Rozo

17、n has a slew of suggestions for how to get more,-involved.Get to know the teacher.Discuss ways to tailor the assignments to your childs learning style.Spend time in the classroom.Ask for outlines of unit studies so you can find supplementary materials at the library or through videos.Read your child

18、s textbooks：If you work a few pages ahead,youll be able to help them with problems they encounter.Reading is another must,says Rozon.Even after your children can read themselves,hearing somebody else read aloud is important.We nearly always have a book on the go1; we read for at least a half hour be

19、fore bedtime.The more engaged a parent is, the more the child benefits,adds Bruce Ami.The evidence is clear：Parental involvement is One of the most important factors in school success.Arai cites the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth,sponsored by Human Resources Development Canada(HR

20、DC),which is measuring all aspects of child development.The hours children spend in class are but2 one element of their education,states HDC,which says parental support,along with teacher support and a positive attitude towards school.all contribute to academic success.I see every moment of every da

21、y as a learning experience. says Goforth.The most satisfying part of it is seeing the,love of learning continued.Im not squelching my childrens desire to learn by insisting they learn.They learn because they want to.Adds Jeanne Lambert,mother of Carey Graham: Make the time3,take the time4,guide,lead

22、,and encourage.If nothing else,your children learn you care,and thats the most important lesson you can give them.词汇：Slew /slu : / n. 非正式用语 许多Squelch/ skwelt/ vt. 压制,压服must / mst /vt.必须做的事注释：1.on the go：处在过程中。此句话的意思是：我们几乎总是有一本书在读(每天读一部分,读完再换一本)。又如：Did you know that shes got a new book on the go?2.bu

23、t：仅仅;只;只有。又如：Shes but a young girl.3.make(the)time：抽空。又如.：Its important to make time to read to your children.4.take the time：花心思。又如：She didnt even take the time to wish me good morning.5.If nothing else,your children learn you care：前半句可以看成省略句,补足以后可以是If nothing else can be achieved;在后半句中,learn的后面是一个

24、省略了关联词that的宾语从句。整句的意思是：即使没有别的收获,你的孩子也会知道你在乎他们。练习：1.According to the passage,parents should help their,children with their homework.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned.2.You should read your childs textbooks so that、you can teach them.3.Children should always take a book with them 0111 the way back from

25、school and read it aloud.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned4.If parents show a lot of interest in their childrens study, the children will do better at schoo1.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned5.It is very important that you let your children know you feel love and concern themA.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentio

26、ned6.Parents must observe classes regally.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned7.Governmental support also plays a role in achieving academic success.A.Right B.Wrong C.Not mentioned答案与题解：1.C父母是否应该帮助孩子做家庭作业,文章中并没有提及。2.B文章的第二段提到了父母应该阅读孩子的教科书,但这样做的目的是为了给他们解决问题,而不是为了教他们。3.C文中虽然提及了朗读的问题,但朗读的时间是在睡前半小时;在放学的路上学生是

27、否应该朗读,文中未提及。4.A文章第四段第二行说父母的参与是孩子在学校的学习得以成功的重要因素之一。由此可以推知,这个句子的内容是正确的。5.A文章结尾处说：你能够给你孩子上的最重要的一课是让你的孩子知道你在乎他们。所以,这个句子中的提法是正确的。6.C该句说的是：父母必须经常听课。文章中并没有提到父母必须经常听课。7.C该句说的是：政府的支持对孩子在学业上取得成功也起作用。文章提到了父母和教师的支持,但没有提到政府的支持。译文：“拥有”孩子的教育 多伦多大学安大略教育学院的教授J.Gary Knowles说：“帮助孩子不是告诉孩子怎样做。你要 对他们所学的东西真正感兴趣,并和他们经常进行对话

28、。”怎样才能更多地参与,Rozcm给了许多建议。“与老师相识,并讨论怎样量体裁衣地布置一些 适合你孩子学习风格的作业。花些时间在教室里。索要每个单元的提纲,这样的话,你可以在图 书馆或者电视里找到补充材料。阅读孩子的教科书：如果你能提前读几页,你就能帮他们解决遇 到的问题了。”Rozcm认为朗读是另外一件必须做的事情。“即使你的孩子已经能自己阅读了,听别人大声朗读也是重要的。我们几乎总是有一本书在读,每天睡前我们至少阅读半个小时。”Bruce Ami说,父母投入越多,孩子获益越多。“有证据清楚地表明：父母的参与是孩子在 学校的学习得以成功的重要因素之一。” Ar祐引甩了加拿大人力资源发展部(H

29、RDC)发起的一 项对孩子发展的各个领域进行测量的全国青少年纵向调查。HRDC表明,“孩子在课堂的时间 只是他们所受教育的一部分”,父母的支持、老师的帮劢和对待学习的积极态度都会促进学业 的成功。Goforth说：“我把每一天的每一刻都看做是学习的经历。” “最满意的部分就是看到对学习的 热爱得以延续。我不会一味地压制我的孩子对学习的渴望。他们学是因为他们想学。”Carey Graham的妈妈Jeanne Lambert补充说：“抽出时间,花点心思,去指引、引导和鼓励。 即使没有别的收获,你的孩子也会知道你在乎他们,这是你能够给孩子上的最重要一课。” 第三篇TV Game ShowsOne o

30、f the most fascinating things about television is the size of the audience1. A novel can be on the best seller2 list with a sale of fewer than 100 ,000 copies3, but a popular TV show might have 70 million TV viewers4. TV can make anything or anyone well-known overnight5.This is the principle behindq

31、uiz orgame shows, which put ordinary people on TV to play a game for prizes and money6. A quiz show can make anyone a star, and it can give away7 thousands of dollars just for fun8. But all of this money can create problems. For instance, in the 1950s, quiz shows were very popular in the US and almo

32、st everyone watched them. Charles Van Doren, an English instructor, became rich and famous9 after winning money on several shows. He even had a career as a television personality10. But one of the losers proved that Charles Van Doren was cheating. It turned out that the shows producers who were pull

33、ing the strings, gave the answers to the most popular contestants beforehand11. Why? Because if the audience didnt like the person who won the game, they turned the show off. The result of this cheating was a huge scandal12.Based on his story, a movie under the titleQuiz Showis on13 40 years later.C

34、harles Van Doren is no longer involved with TV14. But game shows are still here, though they arent taken as seriously. In fact, some of them try to be as ridiculous as possible. There are shows that send strangers on vacation trips together, or that try to cause newly一married couples to fight on TV,

35、or that punish losers by humiliating them. The entertainment now is to see what people will do just to be on TV. People still win money, but the real prize is to be in front of an audience of millions.词汇： quiz /kwiz/ n猜谜或问答节目；小测验，小考instructor /instrkt/ n教员，教练，训练员scandal /skndl/ n丑闻，丑事ridiculous / ri

36、dikjuls / adj可笑的，荒谬的loser /lu: z/ n失败者humiliate /hju: milieit/ vt羞辱，使丢脸entertainment /entteimnt/ n娱乐，消遣 注释1. the size of the audience：观众的数目、规模。size指规模、数量等；audience是集合名词，当它表达一个整体概念时，后面的动词用单数；若表达整体中的具体的成员时，动词用复数形式。2. best seller：畅销书，畅销品3. with a sale of fewer than 100,000 copies其发行量已不到10万册4. TV viewer

37、：电视观众5. overnight：是副词，意为“一夜之间”。又如：Byron became famous overnight拜伦一夜成名。6. This is the principle behind . for prizes and money这就是存在于电视“智力竞赛”表演背后的原理，这些表演促使普通老百姓为了奖品和奖金走上电视玩游戏。7. give away：送掉，发给，赠给8. for fun：为了好玩，为了开心。类似的表达法还有：for a change为了改变一下，为了换换花样。9. 文中的famous意为“著名的”。同义词有noted, renowned, popular, d

38、istinguished等。10. television personality：电视明星11. It turned out that the shows producers who were pulling the strings, gave the answers to the most popular contestants beforehand原来，在幕后操纵的节目制片人已提前将问题的答案告诉了那些最受（观众）欢迎的参赛者。12. scandal：丑闻，丑事13. to be on：在文中是“上演”之意。14. Charles Van Doren is no longer involv

39、ed with TV. Charles Van Doren不再参与电视节目了。练习：1. TV can make a beggar world-famous overnight.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned2. The principle behindquiz or game shows is to put ordinary people on TV to play a game for prizes and money.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned3. Prizes and money for winners a

40、re usually provided by TV stars and large companies.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned4. One of the TV personalities, Charles Van Doren, was proved to be cheating by persuading the Shows producers to give him the answers beforehand.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned5. The huge scandal of cheating on

41、 TV game shows was not exposed until 40 years later in the movie Quiz Show.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned6. Nowadays game shows are not treated as seriously as they used to be.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned7. Winners of present-day TV game shows no longer get money from the shows.A. Right B.

42、 Wrong C. Not mentioned答案与题解： l. A 文章第一段最后一句话讲电视可以使任何事物或任何人一夜成名。2. B 第二段第一句话提到的有奖“电视智力比赛”背后运作的原理，指的是第一段最后一句话所讲的“电视可以使任何事物或任何人一夜成名”。而不是所谓“让普通人上电视参加有奖比赛”。This一词作为一种衔接手段，常用来指上文刚刚提到的内容。，3. C 文中只提到“电视智力竞赛，的获胜者会得到价值不等的奖品和奖金，并未提到其来源。4. B 文中第三段提到为了吸引观众，节目制片人主动把答案事先告诉了Charles Van Doren。5. B Charles Van Doren

43、在“电视智力竞赛”中作弊的丑闻早在20世纪50年代就被当时比赛中的一位失败者揭发出来，“智力竞赛”这部电影只是在40年后从中汲取了素材。6. A 第三段中讲“电视智力竞赛”仍旧在电视上放映，只是人们对它的态度不再像从前那样认真。7. B 文章结尾处说今天“电视智力竞赛”的获奖者们获得的真正的奖励是在数百万的观众面前亮相，但他们仍旧能得到一些钱。译文：翻译：电视“智力竞赛”表演电视最迷人的方面之一就是其观众的人数多、规模大。一本小说即使“最畅销”，其发行量 也不到10万册。但一部受人欢迎的电视剧可以有7 000万的观众。电视可以使任何事物或任何人一夜成名。这就存在于电视“智力竞赛”表演背后的原理

44、，这些表演促使普通老百姓为了奖品和奖金 走上电视玩游戏。智力测验能够使任何一个人成为明星，它也能使你为了好玩花掉许多钱。但这 些钱带来了许多社会问题。例如，20世纪50年代“智力竞赛”在美国就非常流行，几乎所有人 都观看这种节目。查尔斯?范?多林是一位英语教师，在赢得了几场比赛后，变得非常富有，甚 至成了电视明星。但有一位失败者证明多林是在骗人。原来，在幕后操纵的节目制片人已提前将 问题的答案告诉了那些最受（观众）欢迎的参赛者。为什么呢？因为如果观众讨厌_奖的人，那 他们就会关掉电视。这一骗局产生了一个巨大的丑闻。40年后，人们根据这个敌事拍了一部名叫 “智力竞赛”的电影。多林不再参与电视节目

45、T,但智力竞赛仍在进行，尽管人们已不再像以前那样严肃对待它了。 事实上，有些智力竞赛是尽可能做得荒谬。有些节目送一些陌生人一起去旅游，或让那些新婚夫 妇在电视上打架，或者用羞辱来惩罚那些失败者。现在的娱乐是看们怎样做才能上电视。人们 仍在贏钱，但真正的奖励是熊在数百万的观众面前亮相。第四篇：Smoking Since 1939, numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether smoking is a health hazard. The trend of the evidence has been consistent an

46、d indicates that there is a serious health risk. Research teams have conducted studies that show beyond all reasonable doubt that tobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy1. Cigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the dev

47、elopment of cancer of the lungs and cancer of the throat and is believed to be related to cancer of some other organs of the body. Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males. Female smokers are thought to be less affected because they do not breathe in

48、the smoke so deeply.Apart from statistics, it might be helpful to look at what smoking tobacco does to the human body. Smoke is a mixture of gases, vaporized chemicals, minute particles of ash and other solids. There is also nicotine, which is powerful poison, and black tar. As smoke is breathed in,

49、 all those components form deposits on the membranes of the lungs. One point of concentration is where the air tube and bronchus divides. Most lung cancer begins at this point.Filters and low tar tobacco2 are claimed to make smoking to some extent safer, but they can only slightly reduce, not elimin

50、ate the hazards.词汇： vaporize /veip,raiz/ v（使）蒸发membrane /membrein/ n膜filter /filt(r)/ n过滤嘴nicotine /nik,ti:n/ n尼古丁bronchus /brks/ n支气管 注释：1. life expectancy：预期寿命2. low tar tobacco：焦油含量低的烟草练习：1. It is easy to detennine whether smoking is hazardous.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned2. Smoking reduces

51、ones life expectancy.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned3. Smoking may induce lung cancer.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned4. There is evidence that smoking is responsible for breast cancer.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned5. Male smokers have a lower death rate from heart disease than female smoke

52、rs.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned6. Nicotine is poisonous.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned7. Filters and low tar tobacco make smoking safe.A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned答案与题解： 1. B 该题说的是：判断抽烟对健康是否有危害是容易的。但是，文章的第一句话是这么说的：自1939年以来，人们进行了无数次研究，以确定抽烟是否危害健康。可以看出，判断抽烟对健康是否是一种危害并不容易。2. A 该题说的是：抽烟会

53、缩短人们的预期寿命。该题源于第一段最后一个句子中的子句：tobacco smoking is associated with a shortened life expectancy（抽烟与人的预期寿命的缩短有关）。3. A 该题说的是：抽烟有可能诱发肺癌。文章的第二段和第三段都讲到了抽烟与肺癌的关系。4. C 该题说的是：有证据说明乳腺癌是抽烟诱发的。文章中并未提及。5. B 该题说的是：男性烟民死于心脏病的比率小于女性烟民死于心脏病的比率。文章没有直接比较男性烟民和女性烟民死于心脏病的比率，但有这么一句话：Female smokers are thought to be less affec

54、ted because they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply女性吸烟者被认为受的影响较小，因为她们不深吸烟。从中可以推断出的是：男性烟民死于心脏病的比率高于女性烟民死于心脏病的比率。因此该题的命题是错误的。6. A 该题说的是：尼古丁是有毒的。答案可在第三段找到。7. B 该题说的是：有了过滤嘴和焦油含量低的烟草，抽烟是安全的。文章的最后一段（也是最后一句）是这么说的：过滤嘴和焦油含量低的烟草被宣称使抽烟在某种程度上安全一些，但是它们只能稍微降低危害而不是消除危害。因此该题的命题是错误的。译文：吸 烟自1939年以来，人们进行了无数次研究，以确定

55、吸烟是否危害健康。证据的趋向是一致的， 并且显示出吸烟对健康有严重危害。研究组进行的研究超出了所有合理的怀疑，表明吸烟与人的 预期寿命的缩短有关。这个领域的大部分研究人员都认为吸烟是肺癌和喉癌产生的重荽原因，并且和人体其他某些 器官的癌症有关。吸烟的男性因心脏病的死亡率禽于不吸烟的男性。女性吸烟者被认为受的影响 较小，因为她们不深吸烟。除了统计之外，看一看吸烟对人体的作用也可能会有帮助。烟是各种气体、蒸发的化学物、 微小的灰和其他固体颗粒的混合物。里面还有很强的毒素尼古丁和黑焦油。当烟被玻入时，所有 这些成分形成肺膜上的沉淀物。集中的一点是气管和支气管分叉的地方。大部分肺癌开始于这 一点。滤嘴和焦油含量低的烟草被宣称使抽烟在某种程度上安全一些，但是它们