浙江省2012高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解(37)

1、浙江省2012高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（37）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AA three-year in depe ndent in vestigati on into the September 11,2001 attack on the Pen tag on has yielded new eyewitness evidenee which, according to the Southern California-based researchers who con ducted the in vestigati on con clus

2、ively （and unfortun ately）, establishes as a historical fact that the violence which took place in Arlington that day was not the result of a surprise attack by suicide hijackers, but rather a military black operation involving a carefully pla nned and skillfully executed decepti on.A CNN Reporter a

3、t the scene states that there is no evide nce that a 757 hit the Pen tag on.What hit the Pen tago n? A Boeing 757 loaded with passe ngers and fuel right? Who was on Flight 757? According to the Flight Information there were No Arabs on it. That makes me won der if Flight 757 actually existed at all.

4、From the pictures and the videos, people can find that there are several doubtful points that n eed to be take n in to con siderati on, for example the marker line on the grass in the satellite and ground pictures, the different colors of the smoke, the hole which the plane impacted, and the standin

5、g pylons （架线塔）.Also, from the comparison of the different pictures, people can find some other strange points.For example, the gear （齿轮）is not the matching one. The wreckage of the plane is not the one from the America n Airli nes. The glass on the paveme nt of the pole is ano ther doubtful point. T

6、he last thing that need considering is about the collapse. One of the gif video shows the plane impacting the Pentagon. The only problem with this video footage is that it has been altered （ 改变） and can not be fully trusted.These crash photos and videos shown here clearly have been doctored （篡改）and

7、dont even match the physics of what happened. So where is the real video? It leaves me many questions. Is this a missile? It is a real en igma.1. Where can you possibly read this article?A. In a n ewspaper.B. In a book.C. In a magaz ine.D. On a website.2. What the word yield“d ” mean in the first se

8、ntence?A. give n inB. surre nderedC. producedD. give n away3. Which of the follow ing doubtful points is not men ti oned in the passage?A. the colors of the smokeB. the marker line on the grassC. the sta nding pylons4. What is the authorD. the model of the pla ne s attitude towards the 911 in vestig

9、ati on?A. Positive.B. Skeptical.C. Neutral.D. NG.There is increasing evidenee that the impacts of meteorites （ 陨星）have had important effects on Earth, particularly in the field of biological evolution. Such impacts continue to pose a natural hazard to life on Earth. If an impact is large eno ugh, it

10、 can disturb the environment of the en tire Earth and cause an ecological catastrophe. The best-documented such impact took place 65 million years ago at the end of the Cretaceous period （ 白垩纪期 ）of geological history. This break in Earths history is marked by a mass ext inction, whe n as many as hal

11、f the species on the pla net became extinet. While there are a dozen or more mass extinctions in the geological record, the Cretaceous mass exti nction has always in trigued pale on tologists （ 古生物学者 ）because it marks the end of the age of the dinosaurs. For tens of millions of years, those great cr

12、eatures had flourished. Then, sudde nly, they disappeared.The body that impacted Earth at the end of the Cretaceous period was a meteorite with a mass of more than a trillion tons and a diameter of at least 10 kilometers. Scientists first identified this impact in 1980 from the worldwide layer of se

13、diment （ 沉积物）deposited from the dust cloud that enveloped the planet after the impact. This sediment layer is enriched in the rare metal iridium （ 铱） and other eleme nts that are relatively abundant in a meteorite but very rare in the crust （ 地壳）of Earth. Even diluted （ 稀释）by the terrestrial （ 地球的）m

14、aterial excavated （挖掘）from the crater, this component of meteorites is easily identified. By 1990 geologists had located the impact site itself in the Yucat region of Mexico. The crater, now deeply buried in sediment, was originally about 200 kilometers in diameter.This impact released an eno rmous

15、amount of en ergy, excavati ng a crater about twice as large as the lunar crater Tycho. The explosion lifted about 100 trillion tons of dust into the atmosphere. Such a qua ntity of material would have blocked the sun light completely from reach ing the surface, plunging Earth into a period of cold

16、and dark ness that lasted at least several mon ths. The explosion is also calculated to have produced vast quantities of nitric acid （ 硝酸）and melted rock that sprayed out over much of Earth, starting widespread fires that must have consumed most terrestrial forests and grassland. Presumably, those e

17、nvironmental disasters could have been resp on sible for the mass ext inction, in cludi ng the death of the dino saurs.Several other mass extinctions in the geological record have been tentatively identified with large impacts, but none is so dramatic as the Cretaceous event. But even without such s

18、pecific documentation, it is clear that impacts of this size do occur and that their results can be catastrophic. What is a catastrophe for one group of living things, however, may create第5页共9页opport un ities for ano ther group. Follow ing each mass ext inction, there is a sudde n evoluti onary burs

19、t as new species develop to fill the ecological n iches ope ned by the event.Impacts by meteorites represe nt one way that could cause global catastrophes and seriously in flue nce the evoluti on of life all over the pla net. Accord ing to some estimates, the majority of all ext inctions of species

20、may be due to such impacts. Such a perspective fun dame ntally cha nges our view of biological evolution. The standard criterion for the survival of a species is its success in competing with other species and adapting to slowly changing environments. Yet an equally important criterion is the abilit

21、y of a species to survive random global ecological catastrophes due to impacts.5. In paragraph 2, why does the author include the information that dinosaurs had flourished fortens of millio ns of years and the n sudde nly disappeared?A. To support the claim that the mass ext in cti on at the end of

22、the Cretaceous is the best-docume nted of the doze n or so mass ext inctions in the geological record.B. To expla in why as many as half of the species on Earth at the time are believed to have become ext inct at the end of the Cretaceous.C. To expla in why pale on tologists have always bee n in tri

23、gued by the mass ext inction at theend of the Cretaceous.D. To provide evide nce that an impact can be large eno ugh to disturb the environment of theentire planet and cause an ecological disaster.6. According to paragraph 3, how did scientists determine that a large meteorite had impactedEarth?A. T

24、hey discovered a large crater in the Yucat regi on of Mexico.B. They found a unique layer of sedime nt worldwide.C. They were alerted by archaeologists who had bee n excavati ng in the Yucat regi on.D. They located a meteorite with a mass of over a trilli on tons.7. Accord ing to paragraph 4, all of

25、 the followi ng stateme nts are true of the impact at the end of theCretaceous period EXCEPT :A. A large amount of dust blocked sun light from Earth.B. Earth became cold and dark for several mon ths.C. New eleme nts were formed in Earths crust.D. Large quantities of nitric acid were produced.8. The

26、phrase ten tatively ide ntifiedin the passage is closest i n the meaning to.A. ide ntified without certa intyB. ide ntified after careful studyC. occasi on ally ide ntifiedD. easily ide ntified9. Paragraph 6 supports which of the follow ing stateme nts about the factors that are esse ntial forthe su

27、rvival of a species?A. The most importa nt factor for the survival of a species is its ability to compete and adapt togradual cha nges in its environment.B. The ability of a species to compete and adapt to a gradually changing environment is notthe only ability that is esse ntial for survival.C. Sin

28、ce most ext inctions of species are due to major meteorite impacts, the ability to survivesuch impacts is the most importa nt factor for the survival of a species.D. The factors that are most importa nt for the survival of a species vary sig ni fica ntly from onespecies to ano ther.CPassage 1 is fro

29、m the introduction to a Zen Buddhist （禅宗的佛教僧侣 ）manual on the art of“ mindfulness” , the practice of paying close attention to the present moment. Passage 2 is from anessay by a Un ited States author.Passage 1Every morning, when we wake up, we have 24 brand-new hours to live. What a precious gift!We

30、have the capacity to live in a way that these 24 hours will bring peace, joy, and happ in ess to ourselves and to others.Peace is right here and now, in ourselves and in everything we do and see. The question is whether or not we are in touch with i t. We don t have to travel far away to enjoy the b

31、lue sky. We don t have to leave our city or even our neighborhood to enjoy the eyes of a beautiful child. Even the air we breathe can be a source of joy.We can smile, breathe, walk, and eat our meals in a way that allows us to be in touch with the abundance of happ in ess that is available. We are v

32、ery good at prepari ng how to live, but not very good at livi ng. We know how to sacrifice ten years for a diploma, and we are willi ng to work very hard to get a job, a car, a house, and so on . But we have difficulty remembering that we are alive in the present moment, the only moment there is for

33、 us to be alive. Every breath we take, every step we make, can be filled with joy, peace, and sere nity. We n eed on ly to be awake, alive in the prese nt mome nt.Passage 2The argument of both the hedonist （ 享乐主义者）and the guru （ 印度教的宗师）is that we were but to open ourselves to the richness of the mom

34、ent, to concentrate on the feast before us , we would be filled with bliss. I have lived in the present from time to time and can tell you that it is much overrated. Occasi on ally, as a holiday from strok ing one s memofes or broodi ng （about future worries, I grant you, it can be a nice change of

35、pace. But to“ be here now,hour, would never work. I don t even approve of stories written in the present tense. Ads for poetswho never use a past participate, they deserve the eternity they are striving for.Besides, the present has a way of intruding whether you like it or not. Why should I go out o

36、f my way to meet it? Let it splash on me from time to time, like a car going through a puddle, and I,on the sidewalk of my solitude ( 孤独),will salute it grimly like any other modern inconvenience.If I attend a concert, obviously not to listen to the music but to find a brief breathing space in which

37、 to meditate on the past and future. I realize that there may be moments when the music invades my ears and I am forced to pay attention to it, note for note. I believe I take such intrusions gracefully. The present is not always an unwelcome guest, so long as it doesn t stay toolong and cut into my

38、 remembering or brooding time.10. The author of Passage 1 would most likely view the author of Passage 2 as.A. attach ing too much importa nee to the views of othersB. advocat ing an acti on without con sideri ng the con seque ncesC. squa nderi ng (浪费)a precious opport un ity on a daily basisD. fail

39、i ng to respect the feeli ngs of other people11. The author of Passage 1 would most likely respond to the “ argument (”ne 1 Passage 2)with.A. complete agreeme ntC. absolute n eutrality12. In Passage 1 line 11, the list (A. assume they will even tually obtai nC. are unwilling to make sacrifices for13

40、. In Passage 2 lines 8 10, theprese ntA. a dan gerous threatC. an unavoidable imposition (强力口)B. partial accepta neeD. surprised disbeliefa job house ” ) presents things that most peopleB. even tually realize are overratedD. see as worth much effort to acquire is characterized as.B. an un solvable p

41、uzzleD. a burde nsome obligatio n14. Which of the following phrases from Passage 2 would the author of Passage 1 most likelychoose as a title for Passage 1?A. “ the hedo nist and the guruC. “ a brief breath ing space(li ne 1)B.“ the feast before us ” (li ne 2)(line 11) D. “ an unwelcome guest” (line

42、 14)Tom appeared on the sidewalk with a bucket of whitewash and a Iong-handled brush. He stopped by the fence in front of the house where he lived with his aunt Polly. He looked at it, and all joy left him. The fence was long and high. He put the brush into the whitewash and moved it along the top o

43、f the fen ce. He repeated the operatio n. He felt he could not continue and sat dow n.He knew that his friends would arrive soon with all kinds of interesting plans for the day.They would walk past him and laugh. They would make jokes about his having to work on a beautiful summer Saturday. The thou

44、ght burned him like fire.He put his hand into his pockets and took out all that he own ed. Perhaps he could find some way to pay some one to do the whitewash ing for him. But there was no thi ng of value in his pockets nothing that could buy eve n half an hour of freedom. So he put the bits of toys

45、back into hispockets and gave up the ideaAt this dark and hopeless moment, a wonderful idea came to him. It filled his mind with a great, bright light. Calmly he picked up the brush and started again to whitewash.While Tom was working, Ben Rogers appeared. Ben was eating an apple as he walked along

46、the street. As he walked along, he was making noises like the sound of a riverboat. First he shouted loudly, like a boat captain. Then he s aid “ Di-nDgong- Dong” , “ D-iDngong- Dong” again and again, like the bell of a riverboat. And he made other strange noises. When he came close to Tom, he stopp

47、ed.Tom went on whitewashing. He did not look at Ben. Ben stared a moment and then said: “ Hello! I m going swimming, but you can t go, can you?”No answer. Tom moved his brush carefully along the fence and looked at the result with theeye of an artist. Ben came nearer. Tom s mouth watered for the app

48、le, but he kept on working. ve got to work, hey? ”Why, it s you, Ben! I wasn t noticing.t you wish you could? But of course youBen said, “ Hello, old fellow, youTom turned suddenly and said,“ Say I m going swimming. Don wouldn t you? Of course you would.d rather work第7页共9页What do you call work?Tom l

49、ooked at the boy a bit, and said “ Why, isn t that work?”Well, maybe it is, and maybe it isn Oh come, now, you donTom went back to his whitewashing, and answered carelessly. t. All I know is, it suits Tom Sawyer.t mean to say that you like it? ”The brush continued to move.t see why I shouldnt like i

50、t. Does a boy get a chance to whitewash a“ Like it? Well, I don fence every day? ”Ben stopped eating his apple. Tom moved his brush back and forth, stepped back to look at the result, added a touch here and there, and stepped back again. Ben watched every move and got more and more interested. Soon

51、he said,“ Say, Tom, let me whitewash a little.”Tom thought for a moment, was about to agree; but he changed his mind.“ No no it won t do, Ben. You see, Aunt Pyowll ants this fence to be perfect. It has got tobe done very carefully. I don t think there is one boy in a thousand, maybe two thousand, th

52、at cando it well enough. ”“ No is that so? Oh come, now let me just try. Only just a little. ” “utBifen, I d like to, b it isn t done right, I m afraid Aunt Polly ”“Oh, I ll be careful. Now let me try. SayI ll give you the core of my apple.”“Well, here No, Ben, now don t. I m afraid ”“I ll give you

53、all of it.”Tom gave up the brush with un willi ngn ess on his face, but joy in his heart. And while Ben worked at the fence in the hot sun, Tom sat un der a tree, eati ng the apple, and pla nning how to get more help. There were eno ugh boys. Each one came to laugh, but remai ned to whitewash. By the time Ben was tired, Tom sold the next chance to Billy for a kite; and when Billy was tired, Johnny bought i n for a dead rat and so on, hour after hour. And whe n the middle of the after noon came, Tom had won many treasures.And he had not worked. He had had