人教八上第一单元到第三单元知识点

1、1.复合不定代词构成:由some, any, everyone, no加上one, body, thing构成的不定代词称为复合不定代词。 具体见下表：onebodythingsomesomeonesomebodysomethinganyanyoneanybodyanythingeveryeveryoneanybodyanythingnono onenobodynothing2 .用法：there is someone outside the door.n外有个人。i dont have anything to say today.我今天没有任何事想说。money isnt everythin

2、g.金钱不是所有。3 .复合不定代词被形容词修饰时，形容词要放在复合不定代词后面。这和一般的形容词修饰 名词，形容词要放在名词前不一样。形容词修饰普通名词:there is a bcatuiful girl standing under the tree.形容词修饰复合不定代词：i have something important to tell you.there is nothing wrong with radio.4 .复合不定代词表示单数概念，做主语时，谓语动词用单数。everything begins to grow in spring.1 .some_不定代词 通常用于肯定句中，

3、而any_不定代词则多用于否定句和疑问句中。但在 表示请求，建议等的疑问句中，一般用some_的不定代词。would you like something to drink?（2019济南）_sir, called you just now.i told him to phone again.20minutes later._ok.thanks, nancy.a.someone b.nobody c. anyone d.everyone（2019广西耒宾）_dear classmates, may i have your attention, please? i have to.tellyou

4、.aimportant something b important anything c something important danything important.l_do you have to say for yourself?_no, i have to say.a something; everythingb nothing ; somethingc everything; anythingdanything; nothing2 ._would you like to eat?yes, please.a something b anything c some things d a

5、ny things3 .water is important to, so there are many water festivals around the world.a everyone b nobody csomebody d something二,一般过去时的规则动词与不规则动词 1 ,规则动词过去式的构成和发音一般的动词直接加一edwatchwatched helphelped workworked读音规则：洁辅音后 读何；浊辅音和元音 后读对；辅音w与/d/ 后读/id/以字母e结尾的动词只加一dloveloved arrivearrived livelived以辅音字母加y结尾

6、的动词变y为i,再加一cdstudystudied cry-cried worryworried重读闭音节结尾的动 词，末尾只有一个铺 音字母先双写这个辅音字 母，再加一ed.shop-shopped stopstopped2.不规则动词的过去式的变化各异。需要特殊记忆。必须牢记。(1)动词的过去式和动词原形一样letletput putread readcut cut(2)遇见i改为aswimswamsingsangbeginbegansitsatgive gavedrink-drank口诀:游泳唱歌后开始坐下来给点喝的吧i就变为a(3)过去式以ought和aught结尾的单词bringbr

7、oughtbuy boughtthink thoughtcatch-caughtteachtaught(4)中间去e末尾加tfeelfeltkeep-kept sleep-sleptsweep-swept(5)把i变为。riderodedrive-drovewrite wrote(6) ow/aw 变为 ewknowknewgrow grewthrow threwdraw-drew八年级上册第142页不规则动词表需要听写。每天听好。吧不规则动词表打印出来让学生默 写。(7)以d结尾的单词，把d变为tbuildbuiltlendlentsendsentspendspent(2019北京) whe

8、re did you go last weekend?_ i to the great wall.agob wentc will dod have gone_your brother is an excellent basketball player.so he is.he to play basketball three years ago.a begins b began c beginning d to begin第7页/共7页unit2 how often do you exercise ?1 .频度副词的含义(1)表示事情发生频率的副词称为频度副词，常用的频度副词有always, u

9、sually, often, sometimes, seldom, hardly, hardly ever, never,事情发生的频率是否小繁,这些频度副词 的差异体现在哪里。(2)表示具体的频率，次数时，一次用once,两次用twice,三次及三次巳上用基数词+times, 讲一下这里的time是啥意思。2 .频度副词在句中的位置放在实义动词前，be动词，助动词或者情态动词之后，有时为了强调，也可以放在句首。we never eat junk food.lucy is sometime very busy.usually my fathergets up early.3对频度副词进行提问,

10、how oftenhow often do you exercise?hardly ever._do you know the famous basketball player kobe has said goodbye to the nba?_yes.i *m afraid.i will see him on screen.a sometimes b often c always d seldomhow s susan?oh, i see her because she lives abroad.a alwaysb often c almost d hardly1 . he is the f

11、irst to get to school every day. he is late for school.a always b often c sometimesd never2 ms.lin is very popular with the.students.yes. her students are livelyvand interesting.a always b sometimes c hardly d never3 .we play sports on school days . you know, we dont have enough time.a often b usual

12、ly c hardly dever4.1 dont konw you take a bus to school.oh, i take a bus, but it is snowing today.a hardly b often c sometimes dusually5.do you have an english test?once a montha how often b how long c how soonunit 3 im more outgoing than my sister形容词和副词的比较统1 .形容词，副词比较级的含义形容词和副词的比较级表示更，用于两者之间的比较,说明前

13、者比后者更 那为啥要强调两者之间的比较，因为三者或者三者以上的比较，需要用到最高级 2.形容词，副词的比较级的构成(1)规则变化分类构成方式示例一般情况在词尾加ertalltallerfastfaster以字母e结尾的词在词尾加rnicenicer重读闭音节词词尾只有一个 辅音字母先双写改辅音字母，再加erthinthinner wet wetter fatfatter辅音字母+y结尾的双音节 词先变y为i,再加ereasy-easily early-earily多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加moreinterestingmoreinteresting comfortable morecomf

14、ortable beautifulmore beautiful(2)不规则变化部分不规则形容词或副词的比较级：good/wellbetterbad/badlywrosemany/muchmorelittlelessfarfarther/furtheroldoldcr/elder3 .比较级常用句型结构(1)甲+be+形容词比较级+than+乙 甲+实义动词+副词比校级+than+乙 tom is taller than kate.i got up earlier than my mother.i play basketball better than john.(2)甲+be+传数+形容词比较

15、级+than+乙或 甲+实义动词+倍数+副词比较级+than+乙this room is three times bigger than that one.(3)甲+be+the+形容词比较级+ofthetwo (+.)表示甲是两者中较.的my brother is the taller of the two boys.(4)比较级+and比较级或者more and more+原级袅示越来越.the day is getting cooler and coolerthe flowers are more and more beautiful.(5) the+比较级，the+比较级表示越.,越t

16、he more careful you are , the fewer mistakes you will make.(6)疑问词+be+形容词比较级，甲or乙？which is bigger , the earth or the moon?4 .常见的修饰形容词比较级的前置词(1) much/alot/far+形容词比较级表示加深比较程度,得多he felt a lot better today.(2) abit/alittle+形容词比较级，表示稍微.im a little taller than him.(3) even+形容词比较级，表示甚至,，更加this book is even

17、more uesful than that one.1 .although we are twins, im than my brother.a outgoing b more outgoing c most outgoing d the most outgoing.1.1 f more people give up driving cars, the air will get much in a few years.a clean b cleaner c the cleaner d the cleanest.3 ._time is money.but i think time is money.aas important asb more important ascthc most important ind more important than4 ._what do you think of toms speech?no one does in ou