美国浪漫主义英文ppt.

1、American Romanticism The Romantic Movement in American Literature Historical Context 19th Century America Unrestrained growth in U.S. 1803-1853: area of U.S. increases from 846,000 to 2,181,000. 1800-1850: population of U.S. increases from 5 million to over 23 million Westward expansion Technologica

2、l advancements (i.e. steel plow, telegraph, cotton gin) Transportation Improvements (canals, railroads) Literature and Literacy Newspapers Native American tribes, black-owned newspapers, abolitionists Lyceum Movement Part education, part entertainment Debating societies Issues of the day such as man

3、ifest destiny, slavery, voting rights Religion Protestant Christianity provided certain common assumptions, a vocabulary and a set of images and allusions to the majority of Americans in the early nineteenth century. Writers like Emily Dickinson, Herman Melville, and Nathaniel Hawthorne could depend

4、 on their audience to recognize and respond to Biblical and other religious allusions and quotations. Slavery Was the central issue of the 19th century Divided the country between abolitionists and pro-slavery The debate was directly related to the issue of states rights Womens Rights More women att

5、ended school; some went on to college A greater number of women were able to take up teaching and writing as their professions. Womens rights conventions, which had begun at Seneca Falls, New York in 1848, spread across the North Margaret Fuller, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Catherine Beecher Native Amer

6、icans With the expansion of white settlers westward, Native Americans faced intense pressure Indians of the Great Plains depended on the buffalo for survival In 1841 the first caravan of covered wagons brought pioneers across the Great Plains (to CA the Dark satanic mills of Blakes poem “And did tho

7、se feet in ancient time.” Mary Shelleys Frankenstein reflected concerns that scientific progress might be double-edged. Industry however, there was an elusive American quality about the new literature. An “American” Literature Herman Melville (author of Moby Dick), commenting on the risks American w

8、riters must take, stated: It is better to fail in originality than to succeed in imitation. American Voices Noah Webster led a call for uniquely American traditions in language and literature, published a dictionary in 1806 included “Americanisms”- American variations in usage included 5,000 words n

9、ot previously recognized by English dictionaries avian influenza (n) 1980: a highly variable mild to fulminant influenza of birds that is caused by strains of the influenza A virus which may mutate and be transmitted to other vertebrates - - called also bird flu biodiesel (n) 1986: a fuel that is si

10、milar to diesel fuel and is derived from usu. vegetable sources (as soybean oil) gastric bypass (n) 1972: a surgical bypass operation that involves reducing the size of the stomach and reconnecting the smaller stomach to bypass the first portion of the small intestine so as to restrict food intake a

11、nd reduce caloric absorption in cases of severe obesity Recent Additions to Websters mouse potato (n) 1993: slang: a person who spends a great deal of time using a computer ringtone (n) 1983: the sound made by a cell phone to signal an incoming call spyware (n) 1994: software that is installed in a

12、computer without the users knowledge and transmits information about the users computer activities over the Internet agritourism (n) 1979: the practice of touring agricultural areas to see farms and often to participate in farm activities big-box (adj) 1990: of, relating to, or being a large chain s

13、tore having a boxlike structure aquascape (n) 1954: 1: a scenic view of a body of water 2: an area having a natural or constructed aquatic feature (as a pond or fountain) polyamory (n) 1994: the state or practice of having more than one open romantic relationship at a time soul patch (n) 1991: a sma

14、ll growth of beard under a mans lower lip supersize (vt) 1994: to increase considerably the size, amount, or extent of labelmate (n) 1981: a singer or musician who records for the same company as another wave pool (n) 1977: a large swimming pool equipped with a machine for making waves drama queen (

15、n) 1979: a person given to often excessively emotional performances or reactions unibrow (n) 1988: a single continuous brow resulting from the growing together of eyebrows sandwich generation (n) 1987: a generation of people who are caring for their aging parents while supporting their own children

16、bling-bling also bling (n) 1999: flashing jewelry worn esp. as an indication of wealth; broadly: expensive and ostentatious possessions bodyboard (n) 1982: a short surfboard on which the rider lies prone degenderize (vt) 1987: to eliminate any reference to a specific gender in (as a word, text, or a

17、ct) dreamscape (n) 1948: a dreamlike usu. surrealistic scene; also: a painting of a dreamscape empty suit (n) 1950: an ineffectual executive google (vt) 2001: to use the Google search engine to obtain information about (as a person) on the World Wide Web himbo (n) 1988: an attractive but vacuous man

18、 text messaging (n) 1982: the sending of short text messages electronically esp. from one cell phone to another Washington Irving Irving was one of the most influential American authors of the first half of the nineteenth century governed by fixed, unchanging laws Reason over imagination Common over individual Upholds tradition; resists change Rational thought therefore, I am.” Romanticism Greater personal freedom for the individual Emphasis on emotions Subjectivity Intuition (inner perception of truth) Imagination Social progress morbid, melancholy (Poe) Individualism (Emerson