纺织英语3 weaving and woven fabrics

1、Chapter 3 By CC 机织（weaving）又可以称为“梭织” ，以纱线作经、纬按各种织物结构形 成机织物的工艺过程。 Weaving machine 织机织机 Fundamental features 基本结构基本结构 The let-off device 送经装置 The shedding device 开口装置 The weft insertion device 引纬装置 The beating-up device 打纬装置 The fabric take-up and batching device 织物牵拉卷取装置 The let-off device 送经结构送经结构 W

2、hat is the let-off device used for? What is the difference between a traditional loom and a modern loom? Gradually release the warps on the beam containing them to move towards the weaving position A traditional loom A modern loom The _ let-off system The _ let-off system negative positive The let-o

3、ff device 送经装置送经装置 A modern loom The positive let-off system 积极送经系统 Sensor 传感器传感器 The shedding device 开口装置开口装置 heald 综丝综丝 Heald shafts 综框综框 heald 综丝综丝heald 综丝综丝 set evenly 分布均匀分布均匀 The shedding device 开口装置开口装置 Heald shaft 综框The warps 经纱 Move up 上升上升 Raise 上升上升 Move down 下降下降 Lower 下降下降 The weft inse

4、rtion device 引纬装置引纬装置 A traditional loom 传统织机 Disadvantages 缺点 1. slow back and forth reciprocating movement 梭子缓慢往复运动梭子缓慢往复运动 2. limited yarn carrying capacity 有限的携纱能力有限的携纱能力 3. difficult to control the weft tension 纬纱张力纬纱张力 难以控制难以控制 4. noisy 织造噪音织造噪音 Shuttle 梭子梭子 The weft insertion device 引纬装置引纬装置

5、In modern mills 在现代工厂 Shuttle less loom 无梭织机无梭织机 Rapier looms 剑杆织机剑杆织机 Air jet looms 喷气织机喷气织机 Water jet looms 喷水织机喷水织机 Projectile looms 片梭织机片梭织机 1.Rapier looms 剑杆织机剑杆织机 1.Rapier looms 剑杆织机剑杆织机 Depending on the width of looms 根据织机的宽度 Single rapier 单剑杆单剑杆 two rapiers 双剑杆双剑杆 entry rapier 送纬剑杆送纬剑杆 exit

6、rapier 接纬剑杆接纬剑杆 2.Air or water jet looms 喷气喷水织机喷气喷水织机 Nozzle 喷头喷头 Yarn package 纱筒纱筒 Tensioner 张力器张力器 Projectile looms 片梭织机片梭织机 Projectile 片梭片梭 The beating-up device 打纬装置打纬装置 The beating-up device beats the inserted weft into the fell of the cloth. 打纬装置将引入引入的纱打入织口。 Comb like frame reed 梳状钢筘 The fabri

7、c take-up and batching device 织物牵拉卷取装置织物牵拉卷取装置 A series of rollers 一系列的滚轴一系列的滚轴 Take up roller 牵拉辊牵拉辊 Batching roller 卷布辊卷布辊 Positive rotation 积极旋转积极旋转 2 Primary weaving process 基本织造过程基本织造过程 Primary weaving process 基本织造过程基本织造过程 Woven fabrics 机织织物机织织物 Lengthwise warp yarns 纵向经纱纵向经纱 Widthwise weft yar

8、ns 横向纬纱横向纬纱 Lengthwise warp yarns 纵向经纱纵向经纱 Widthwise weft yarns 横向纬纱横向纬纱 Primary weaving process 基本织造过程基本织造过程 Warp let-off Shedding Weft insertion beating-up Fabric taking-up 送经送经 开口开口 引纬引纬 打纬打纬 织物牵拉织物牵拉 A plain woven fabric 平纹织物平纹织物 1. _ pass over _ and around _ 2. warps threaded _ through the _ on

9、 two _ to form two _ 3. _ releases the warp sheets under _ warps The back rest Lease rods alternately healdsHeald shafts Warp sheets The let-off device tension 4. the shedding device _ and _ each heald shaft respectively to form the _ 5. _ insert the weft yarn across the shed 6. the _ beats the _ ag

10、ainst the cloth raiseslowers shed The weft insertion device reedweft Weaving process 机织流程机织流程 7. the take-up roller _ continuously, pulling the newly formed cloth _ the _ 8. the cloth is _ onto the _ rotates Away from Weaving position wound Batching roller Language points 语法点语法点 Vocabulary from p. 4

11、7 52 Loom 织机织机 machine for weaving cloth 织布机. = weaving machine Negative a.否定的；消极的；负的 n.底片；负数 He has a very negative attitude to his work. 他的工作态度很消极. positive pztiv a.确实的；积极的，肯定的；正的，阳性的 She was quite positive about the amount of money involved. 她对所涉及的钱数十分肯定. Interlacing interlace intleis v.编织，交错 The

12、 top branches of the two trees interlace with one another. 这两棵树的树顶树枝相互交织在一起。 Her mother interlaces her hair with ribbons. 母亲用缎带把她的头发扎起来。 Rotate v.(使使)旋转，旋转，(使使)转动；转动；(使使)轮流轮流 Does the earth rotate on an axis? 地球是绕轴旋转的吗？ The post of chairman rotates among members of the committee. 主席一职由委员会的成员轮流担任。 3

13、Preparatory weaving processes 织造准备过程织造准备过程 Preparatory weaving processes 织造准备过程织造准备过程 Before weaving Warping 整经整经 Wind the warp yarns onto the warp beam 将经纱卷绕到经轴上将经纱卷绕到经轴上 Warp yarn 经纱经纱 Preparatory weaving processes 织造准备过程织造准备过程 Coat with a sizing compound 经纱涂上混合浆料经纱涂上混合浆料 目的目的Add strength 增加强度增加强度

14、 Reduce yarn hairiness for weaving 减少毛羽减少毛羽 Preparatory weaving processes 织造准备过程织造准备过程 Sized and dried Warp yarn 上浆烘干的经纱上浆烘干的经纱 Wound parallel to each other across the width of the warp beam 平行绕在经轴上平行绕在经轴上 Preparatory weaving processes 织造准备过程织造准备过程 Weft yarn 纬纱纬纱 Suitable packages 合适的卷装合适的卷装 Winding

15、 络纱络纱 Shuttleless weaving 无梭织机无梭织机 - cones 圆锥筒圆锥筒 Shuttle weaving 有梭织机有梭织机 pirns 纡子纡子 4 common woven fabrics 常见的机织物常见的机织物 Woven structures 机织结构机织结构 Primary weaves 基本机织基本机织 Derivative weaves 变化机织变化机织 Combination weaves 复合机织复合机织 Primary weaves 基本机织基本机织 Plain weaves 平纹 Twill 斜纹 Satin 缎纹 Plain weaves 平纹

16、平纹 How to make a plain weave? The warp and weft yarn interlace under and over alternate weft and warp yarns respectively 编织编织 交替交替 分别地分别地 Plain weaves 平纹平纹 Cotton 全棉全棉 Polyester 涤棉涤棉 Twill 斜纹斜纹 How to make a twill? Interlace yarns to form diagonal lines or ridges across the fabric 编织编织对角对角 隆起隆起 斜纹通过

17、在织物宽度方向的交织形成斜纹通过在织物宽度方向的交织形成 斜向线条或隆起线条而制得斜向线条或隆起线条而制得 Twill weaves 斜纹斜纹 Denim 牛仔布牛仔布 Gabardine 华达呢华达呢 Serge 哔叽哔叽 Khaki 卡其布卡其布 Satin 缎纹缎纹 Satin 缎纹缎纹 Warp face satin 经面缎纹经面缎纹 Weft face satin 纬面缎纹纬面缎纹 How to make a warp face satin? The weft yarns cross over one and under several warp yarns, and thus ma

18、inly the warp yarns are visible on the face of the fabric. 纬纱在一根经纱上 数根经纱下穿过， 这样在织物正面看到的主要是经纱。 How to make a weft face satin? weft yarns cross under one and over several warp yarns, and thus mainly the weft yarns are visible on the face. 纬纱在一根经纱下 数根经纱上穿过， 这样在织物正面看到的主要是纬纱。 Satin 缎纹缎纹 Upholstery 室内装潢品室

19、内装潢品 Home decorating 家庭装饰家庭装饰 Fashionable apparel 时装时装 Primary weaves 普通机织普通机织 Derivative weaves 变化机织变化机织 Variations 变化变化 Derivative weaves 变化机织变化机织 Plain weave derivatives 变化平纹组织变化平纹组织 2.Twill derivatives 变化斜纹组织变化斜纹组织 3. Satin derivatives 变化缎纹组织变化缎纹组织 Basket structures 方平组织方平组织 Oxford weaves 重平组织重平

20、组织 Diamond weaves 菱形斜纹菱形斜纹 Herringbones 人字斜纹人字斜纹 Combination weaves 复合机织复合机织 Primary weaves 普通机织普通机织 Derivative weaves 变化机织变化机织 Combination weaves 复合机织复合机织 Two or more 两个或以上更多的两个或以上更多的 Combination weaves 复合机织复合机织 Backed weaves二重织物二重织物 Leno weaves 纱罗织物纱罗织物 Terry weaves 毛圈织物毛圈织物 Corduroy 灯芯绒灯芯绒 Qualit

21、y issue of woven fabrics 机织物的质量问题机织物的质量问题 Grey cloth Greige cloth 毛坯布毛坯布 Leaving the weaving machine 刚离开织机刚离开织机 2. before being further treated 未进一步处理之前未进一步处理之前 Uneven tensions 张力不均匀张力不均匀 Many visual weaving faults 外观织疵外观织疵 Problems with machine components 机件问题机件问题 Many visual weaving faults 外观织疵外观织

22、疵 Yarn faults in warp and weft 经纱或纬纱的经纱或纬纱的 纱庛纱庛 The fabric quality 织物质量织物质量 Incorrect setting up of the machines 织机错误设置织机错误设置 Cause problems 引起问题引起问题 Language points Wind v.绕，缠；(给)上发条waind n.风；气息wind The river winds down to the sea. 这条河蜿蜒流向大海. wind a bandage round ones finger 用绷带包住手指 Language point

23、s Due to 由于，因为由于，因为 His successes were largely due to luck. 他的成功主要靠运气。 The television station apologized for the interference, which was due to bad weather conditions. 电视台为出现的干扰表示歉意，那是由 于恶劣的天气状况造成的。 Review 复习复习 Woven fabric Loom The let-off device The shedding device The weft insertion device The beating-up device The fabric take-up and batching device 机织物 织机 送经装置 开口装置 引纬装置 打纬装置 织物牵拉卷取装置 Review 复习复习 Heald Warp Weft Reed Pattern r