M5U2 Reading 1

1、 The economy or the environment must we choose? Fast reading Go through the passage as quickly as possible and try to find answers to the three questions in part A on Page 22. 1.Mr. Lin Shuiqing represents the environment and Mr Qian Liwei represents the economy. 2. Six times. 3. They should have to

2、 pay higher taxes. Detailed reading Read the speech a second time and complete Parts C1 and C2 on page 24 Listening Listen to the tape and choose the best answers to the following questions: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in Lin Shuiqings speech? A. Industrial waste destroyed many places an

3、d killed many places and animals. B. Factories producing poisonous chemicals should close down. C. Fishes died because of more than one reasons. D. Polluted atmosphere can make human beings sick. What can be inferred from the speech? A. Though we caught large numbers of fish, they develop so quickly

4、 that we/ still have enough to eat. B. Its likely that well not have enough to eat if we keep producing people rapidly. C. Lin Shuiqing is for the idea of recycling, while Qian Liwei is against it. D. An economist is often seen as being against the environment. What does the sentence “People often t

5、hink that economic development is bad for the environment, but this does not have to be right.”mean? A. Economic development is good for the environment. B. Economic development is bad for the environment. C. Economic development is not always bad for the environment. D. People are wrong to think ec

6、onomic development is bad for the environment. Consolidation Fill in the blanks with proper words according to the reading material. TV Presenter: Mr.Lin, as an environmentalist, what,do you think, is the main reason for the earths being damaged? Mr.Lin: You see,we are living in a world,w_ many plac

7、es and living things have been destroyed and have died.The waste from factories goes into the a_, making people sick and f_into rivers, k_many sea creatures.Thats the main reason,I think. TV Presenter: Is there any other way that sea creatures are badly affected by? Mr Lin: In a_,Fishing boats catch

8、 a lot of fish every day and many of the sea creatures are being w_ out. here tmosphere lows illing ddition iped TV Presenter: As we can see, the worlds population is a_ 6.5 billion, more than six times what it used to be in 1800. Without doubt, clothing, food, shelter and transportation are becomin

9、g very important to people. So, whats your advice on whether to choose the e_ or the environment? Mr.Lin:It is suggested that we cut down on production and reduce the amount of commercial goods. Besides, we have to take r_ rubbish into consideration, which helps to expand our recycling industry, tea

10、ch people about e_ friendly ways of living, even create more jobs and help the economy at the same time. pproaching conomy ecycling nvironmentally Language Points Useful phrases 1.large numbers of 2. as well 3. result in 4. cut back on 同样同样, 也也, 还还 大量的大量的 ；许多；许多 导致导致, 结果是结果是 削减，削减， 缩减，减少缩减，减少 9. tur

11、n into 10. at the same time 11. be concerned about 12. hide from ones responsibility 13. be bad for 14. think of as 15 . in order to为了为了 16,save/preserve the environment.保护保护 环境环境 变成；成为变成；成为 同时同时 对对.关心关心/关注关注 躲避某人对躲避某人对的责任的责任 对对不利；对不利；对有害有害 把把看作是看作是 ; 认为认为是是 17agree with同意，和同意，和.意见一致意见一致 18. cut dow

12、n砍倒砍倒 . 19. ask around 20. be friendly to 21. as long as 四处四处打听打听 对对.友好友好 只要只要 1.economy n.经济经济economic adj.经济（学经济（学)的的 economical adj 节约的节约的/廉价而实用的经济的廉价而实用的经济的 economics n.经济学经济学 economist n.经济学家经济学家 2.environment n.环境环境 environmental adj.环境的环境的 与环境有关的与环境有关的 environmentally adv.环境上，与环境有关环境上，与环境有关 地

13、地 environmentalist n.环境（保护）论者环境（保护）论者 3.debate sth with sb/ argue with sb about/over sth 与某人争论辩论与某人争论辩论- 4.Open the floor 自由发言自由发言 the floor 在在 这里是这里是“发言权发言权”的意思的意思 comment: N. 评论评论remark，观点观点。 make comments on/upon- 对作出评论 No comment.! 无可奉告。 She made no comment (= did not give an opinion). 她未发表任何观点她

14、未发表任何观点. V. comment on sth/ comment that 从句从句 评论评论/认为认为-。 comment: 妈妈总是对我的穿着品头论足妈妈总是对我的穿着品头论足. My mum always comments on what Im wearing. 他评价说那两篇文章非常相似他评价说那两篇文章非常相似. He commented that the two essays were rather similar. 6.the way large areas of the world are damaged by industrial waste. 在定语从句中如果先行词是

15、在定语从句中如果先行词是the way表表 方式在定语从句中做状语时，定语从句方式在定语从句中做状语时，定语从句 that 或者或者in which 来引导，或者省略。来引导，或者省略。 We are often surprised at the way she manages to stay so calm. Judging from the way he was shouting, we thought he was badly hurt. 高考链接高考链接 (2004 湖北湖北) What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said i

16、t. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which 8.waste N. something that cannot be used any more and is thrown away: n.垃圾，废物垃圾，废物 Industrial waste must be prevented from polluting our rivers. 浪费浪费 Its a waste of money/time to do 干干是浪费金钱是浪费金钱/时间时间 That meeting achieved absolutely not

17、hing it was a complete waste of time. waste V. T to use too much of something or use something badly when there is a limited amount of it:v.浪费浪费 waste ones time on sth /(in ) doing sth 浪费时间干浪费时间干- wasteful adj.浪费的不经济的浪费的不经济的 wastefully adv.浪费地浪费地 Come on, lets get started - weve wasted enough time a

18、lready. Dont waste your money on me, love, keep it for yourself. 3. Much sea life is being destroyed by fishing boats as well. as well 同样同样, 也也, 还还 I write my own songs and I play the guitar as well. She is a teacher and a singer as well. too, also, either, as well用法区别用法区别 too放在句中放在句中/末，通常用逗号隔开。末，通常

19、用逗号隔开。 I am a student, too. either在否定句中使用，但是放在句子末尾，在否定句中使用，但是放在句子末尾， 通常用逗号隔开。通常用逗号隔开。 Lucy doesnt go to the party, either. also放在系动词放在系动词be之后、实义动词之前。之后、实义动词之前。 I am also a student. Li Ming also takes part in a ceremony. as well 用在肯定句中，放在句子末尾。用在肯定句中，放在句子末尾。 Tony speaks Japanese as well. 知识链接知识链接 Fill

20、 in the blanks with too, also, either or as well. 1）Ill go to see the film, 2）If you dont come here, I shouldnt, 3）I, , will help him 4）Jack can speak Chinese，and his brother can speak Chinese 5）He knows Chinese too either too also as well Practice 11.Pollution n.污染污染 pollute v.污染污染 the polluted riv

21、er 被被 污染的河流污染的河流 13.Lie (lay, lain,lying) vi.躺，躺， 卧，位于卧，位于 lie (lied , lied,lying) vt/vi.撒撒 谎谎 lay ( laid,laid, laying) vt.放，放， 下蛋，产卵下蛋，产卵 4. This will result in a smaller number of fish left result in 导致导致, 结果是结果是 Stress and tiredness often result in a lack of concentration. Their dispute resulted

22、in war. The slightest carelessness in feeding can result in their death. result in result from result in “引起引起, 导致导致, 产生产生”，侧重于结果侧重于结果， 即即in后面接导致的结果。如后面接导致的结果。如： The accident resulted in three people being killed. result from “起因于起因于, 由由产生产生, 是是的的 结果结果”，更侧重于强调起因，即更侧重于强调起因，即from后面后面 接事情的起因接事情的起因。 Not

23、hing has resulted from his efforts. 知识链接知识链接 5. The worlds population has grown by six times what it was in 1800. 英语中倍数的表达法有：英语中倍数的表达法有： 倍数倍数 + as + many + 可数名词复数可数名词复数 + as There are seven times as many people as I expected. 倍数倍数 + as +much + 不可数名词不可数名词 + as There is five times as much coffee in th

24、is glass as in that one. 倍数倍数 + 形容词（或副词）的比较级形容词（或副词）的比较级 + than + 其他其他 The hall is five times bigger than our classroom. 倍数倍数 + the size / height / length / width. etc. + of + 其他其他 This road is six times the length of that one. 倍数倍数+what从句从句 The production is now three times what it was ten years ag

25、o. Eg. 2. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。 Asia is four times as large as Europe. Asia is four times larger than Europe. Asia is four times the size of Europe. More than +数字数字 超过超过 /+ n.不只是不只是 /+形容词形容词 非常非常 Note: 1.倍数的基本表达都是以倍数打头，但要注意不同倍数的倍数的基本表达都是以倍数打头，但要注意不同倍数的 不同表达方法：不同表达方法： 2.两倍要用两倍要用twice或或double，不用，不用two

26、times. 三倍常用三倍常用three times,也可用也可用thrice。 3. 除整数倍以外，还有分数倍，百分数倍，几倍多或不到除整数倍以外，还有分数倍，百分数倍，几倍多或不到 几倍等。如：六倍多（几倍等。如：六倍多（more than/over six times）, 一半（一半（ half）,三分之一三分之一 (one third),百分之六十（百分之六十（60%）等。）等。 4.在在the +n.+of结构中结构中 ： 1.要注意选择恰当的名词，常用的名词有要注意选择恰当的名词，常用的名词有 size/height/length/weight等。等。 2.the +n.+of 可

27、转换成可转换成ones +n.或名词性从句。如：或名词性从句。如：the height of Mary=Marys height. 高考链接高考链接 1（05上海）上海） At a rough estimate, Nigeria is _Great Britain. A. three times the size as B. the size three times of C. three times as the size of D. three times the size of 2（05 湖北湖北) What a table! Ive never seen such a thing be

28、fore. It is _it is long. A. half not as wide as B. wide not as half as C. not half as wide as D. as wide as not half 3. （04广西）广西） It is re ported that the United States uses _ energy as the whole of Europe. A. as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as much 高考链接高考链接 5. (03上海上海) The house re

29、nt is expensive. Ive got about half the space I had at home and Im paying _here. A. as three times much B. as much three times C. much as three times D. three times as much 16.cut back/down on: vt.to do less of something or use something in smaller amounts:减少, 缩减，削减的量 Cut back/down on smoking If you

30、 want to lose weight ,cut back on the amount of food you eat. cut 常用短语：常用短语： cut at Vt. 向向猛砍猛砍 cut away Vt. 切下，砍掉切下，砍掉 cut down Vt. （1）砍倒，砍伐）砍倒，砍伐 （2）减少）减少 的量，缩减的量，缩减 cut in Vt. 插嘴，插入，插队插嘴，插入，插队 cut off Vt. （1）切断，砍掉）切断，砍掉 （2） 切断（电切断（电 力，煤气，自来水等），停止力，煤气，自来水等），停止的供给的供给 （3 ）使（人，城镇）孤立）使（人，城镇）孤立 cut out

31、Vt. 删除，停止删除，停止 cut up Vt. 切碎切碎 I was just talking to Jan, when Dave cut in (on us/our conversation). If this bill is not paid within five days, your gas supply will be cut off. She cut out his picture from the magazine. Many villages have been cut off by the heavy snow. 1.（2004 春季北京）春季北京） He was in

32、hospital for six months. He felt as if he was _ from the outside world. A. cut out B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through 2. (2005 湖南湖南) I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson _. A. cut in B. cut down C. cut out D. cut up 高考链接高考链接 17.large amounts of poisonous chemicals (P22) the amount of things

33、we make and buy (P22) the amount of rubbish (P22) the amount of pollution (P23) amount 总数，数量（常与不可数名词连总数，数量（常与不可数名词连 用。用。 I had a certain amount of (= some) difficulty finding the house. 关于关于“许多许多”的用法见下表：的用法见下表： +Cn.+Un. +Cn./Un. many, many a, a great/good many, a large/great number of/numbers of muc

34、h, a great deal of, a large amount of, large amounts of plenty of, a lot of, lots of, a large quantity of, large quantities of, a mass of, masses of 1.（2003 上海）上海） The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took _pictures of them. A. many of B. masses of C. the number of

35、 D. a large amount of 2. (2001 上海上海) As a result of destroying the forests, a large _ of desert _ covered the land. A.number; has B. quantity; has B.C. number; have D. quantity; have 高考链接高考链接 20.the Way of doing/to do 干某事的方式干某事的方式 at the same time 同时同时 21.obvious adj.明显的显而易明显的显而易 见的见的 obviously adv.

36、 apparent adj.明显的显然的外明显的显然的外 观的表面的观的表面的 apparently adv. Clear adj.清楚的清晰的明显的清楚的清晰的明显的 clearly adv. 6. It is clear that you are very concerned about the present situation of our environment. be concerned about 关心、关心、 挂念挂念 Read and study seriously and be concerned about world affairs. be concerned with

37、 与某事物有关；涉及某与某事物有关；涉及某 事物事物 Her latest documentary is concerned with youth unemployment. concerning =about prep. 关于关于 ，涉及，涉及 concerned adj.相关的有关的相关的有关的 （后置定语），担心的忧虑的（后置定语），担心的忧虑的 concern: N. 23.responsible Adj. be responsible for sth/doing sth对对-事负责事负责 1）to be the person who caused something to happe

38、n, especially something bad: Who is responsible for this terrible mess? 2）to have control and authority over something or someone and the duty of taking care of it or them: Tom is directly responsible for the efficient running of the office. be responsible to sb对对-人负责人负责 The teacher must be responsi

39、ble to the students. responsibly Adv.负责任地负责任地 When he saw the crash, the young boy acted very responsibly and called the police. responsibilities: N. U 责任责任 Terrorists have claimed responsibility for yesterdays bomb attack. The minister took/accepted full responsibility for the disaster C or U somet

40、hing that it is your job or duty to deal with: 工作工作 ，义务。，义务。 Its her responsibility to ensure the project finishes on time. She takes her responsibilities as a nurse very seriously. C or U have responsibility to be in a position of authority over someone and to have a duty to make certain that parti

41、cular things are done:负责负责 Who has responsibility here? Jenny, you have responsibility for clearing up the room after the class. take on responsibility for sth为为负责负责 hide from ones responsibility 躲避某人躲避某人 对对-的责任的责任 Have/take a responsibility to sb 对对负责负责 7. The people operating these factories are d

42、eeply . operating these factories 是分词做定语，修是分词做定语，修 饰饰the people，相当于一个定语从句。，相当于一个定语从句。 Do you know the boy standing at the door? = Do you know the boy who is standing at the door? The workers working in the factory are well-paid. operate 在这里是在这里是“经营经营；管理管理”的意思的意思 The students help to operate the stor

43、e. The department store is well operated. operate还有还有“动手术动手术, 开刀；操作开刀；操作”之意之意 operate on sb 给某人动手术给某人动手术 The surgeon operated on her for a tumor. Its too difficult for him to operate this new machine. operation n. 操作，运转操作，运转 ； 经营，营运经营，营运 8. and give them more credit! credit 赞扬赞扬, 认可认可, 信用信用, 荣誉荣誉, 增

44、光的人增光的人(或或 事物事物) I give them full credit for their work. Our international credit is excellent. The credit for this invention goes to Mr. Lodge. She is a credit to her family. credit card 信用卡信用卡 25.What if we run out of space?(P25) 1）what if -?如果-怎么办？即使-也 没关系 What if the trains late? What if you don

45、t pass your exams? 2）rut out run out vi.:用光/完vt.run out of sth.=use up sth Ive run out of money/patience. The milk has run out. run out :到期 My passport runs out next month . run常用搭配及短语：常用搭配及短语： run across vt.1）偶遇 2） 横跨 run after vt. 追赶；追求 run away vi. 逃跑 run away with vt. 和一起逃跑，带 着逃跑 run into vt. 1）撞上 2）偶遇 run over vi. （容器，液体）溢出 vt.1 ）车辆碾过 2）复习 I ran across several old friends when I went back to my hometown She ran a