第二讲谓语动词

1、动词的分类动词的分类 分类：分类： 连系动词、实义动词连系动词、实义动词 助动词助动词 、 情态动词情态动词 考点一：连系动词考点一：连系动词 系动词不能作谓语，与形容词构成系表结构。系动词不能作谓语，与形容词构成系表结构。 常见的系动词有常见的系动词有：be, become，get，turn， grow，look，sound，smell，taste ，feel, keep, seem, come. 如：如： He looked very excited. Roses smell sweet. Its getting cloder and colder. 中考直击：中考直击： 1，This s

2、uit dress_ so smooth. Its made in China. (2011广东） A, feels B, smells C, sounds D,tastes 2，-What is the name of the song you sing just now? It _ beautiful. (2011肇庆） - Its you and me. A, heard B, listened C, sounded D, tasted 3,Your idea_ like a good one. You are really a clever man! A, looks B，sounds

3、 C, feels D,stays A C B 考点二：实义动词考点二：实义动词 定义：表事物的动作或状态，在句中能独立做谓语。定义：表事物的动作或状态，在句中能独立做谓语。 及物动词及物动词:like , make ,clean ,love等。等。 不及物动词不及物动词: come ，go, leave , listen, I am reading an interesting book. (及物动词）及物动词） The boy is listening to music. (不及物动词）不及物动词） He is running. (不及物动词）不及物动词） 主系表结构主系表结构 中考直击中

4、考直击 1，Again and again the doctor _ the crying baby girl , but he couldnt find out what was wrong with her. A, looked over B, looked after C, looked for D, looked out 2, I loved this song by Lady Gaga , would you _ the TV a bit , please? I cant hear it clearly A, turn on B, turn off C, turn up D, tur

5、n down 3,This time Mike could not_ his anger . He shouted at her. A,show B，leave C，control D，discover A C C 考点三：助动词考点三：助动词 常见的助动词有常见的助动词有: do , have , will , would, shall 其中其中do 和和have 也能作情态动词。也能作情态动词。 do，does，did作助动词，后跟动词的原形。作助动词，后跟动词的原形。 考点四：情态动词考点四：情态动词 情态动词本身具有一定的意义，不能单独作谓语。情态动词本身具有一定的意义，不能单独作谓语

6、。 后面后面加动词的原形加动词的原形一起构成谓语；常见的情态有一起构成谓语；常见的情态有： can ，could， may, might, must, should 1，can的用法：的用法： 1), 表示表示能力，意为能力，意为“能；会能；会”,否定式为否定式为cant， 过去式为过去式为 could。 I can dance. He can sing. 2) 表示请求、许可，意为表示请求、许可，意为“可以可以”， 此时与此时与may 同义。同义。 Can I borrow your umbrella？ 3),表示客观可能性或推测表示客观可能性或推测,意为意为“可能可能”,常用于否定句和疑问

7、句常用于否定句和疑问句 中。中。 It cant be Mary. She has gone to the library. 注意：注意： 1, 提出提出委婉委婉请求时，请求时，could比比can 客气，委婉，客气，委婉， 但回答时不可以用但回答时不可以用could. 2，在，在否定句、疑问句中否定句、疑问句中表示推测或怀疑时，相当表示推测或怀疑时，相当 于于might，表示，表示“可能，也许可能，也许”。 He couldnt be a bad man. 中考直击 1，-Someone is knocking at the door. Is it Ann? - It _ be her ,

8、She is giving performance at the theatre now. A,may B.must C. cant D.mustnt 2,-_ I swim here ? -Im sorry. Children _swim alone here. A, Must; cant B, May; must C. Can ; mustnt D, Cant; can C C 中考直击中考直击 1,-This pair of shoes _belong to Jack. He likes this kind very much. -It _ be his. Its too large f

9、or him. A. can; cant B. may; neednt C. must; mustnt D. must; cant .I think the man over there must be Bob. - It _ be him. He has _ to Australia. A. cant; gone B. cant; been C. may not; been D. mustnt; gone D A 2，May 的用法的用法 1，表示请求、许可，意为，表示请求、许可，意为“可以，允许可以，允许”比比 can正式，常用于正式，常用于肯定句、用一般疑问肯定句、用一般疑问句中。句中。

10、 May I take a seat ？ 注意：以注意：以May I 开头的一般疑问句的开头的一般疑问句的 肯定回答用肯定回答用 “Yes , you may.” 或或“Yes, please.” 否定式否定式“ No， you cant.” 或或“Please dont.” 1. How nice the building is! What is it for? It _ a hotel. But I am not sure. A. must be B. have to be C. may be D. can be 2._ I ask you a question? sure A. May

11、B. Would C. Do D. Must 3. May we leave the classroom now? No, you _. You _ to leave until the bell rings. A, mustnt; are allowed B. cant; arent supposed C.dont have to; are supposed D.neednt; arent allowed C A B 3, must的用法 1)表示必须，应该，在表示必须，应该，在陈述句中陈述句中表有义务，表有必要表有义务，表有必要 的主观意愿。在的主观意愿。在疑问句中疑问句中表询问对方的意见

12、。否定表询问对方的意见。否定 式式mustnt 表表“禁止，不准禁止，不准”。 I must study hard. Must I hand in my composition today? You mustnt smoke here? 2)表示非常肯定的猜测，意为表示非常肯定的猜测，意为“一定；准是一定；准是”， 只用于只用于肯定句肯定句中。中。 The book has Johns name on it. It must be his. 3)以以Must sb. 开头的一般疑问句的开头的一般疑问句的 肯定回答用肯定回答用“Yes, sb must.” 否定回答用否定回答用“No，sb ne

13、ednt.” No,sb dont / doesnt have to. -Must I finish it today？ - No，you neednt ./ No, you dont have to. 1.-Must I do it now? -No, you _. A. neednt B. dont have to C. mustnt D. A or B 2. _ you come with me to Lang Langs piano concert this evening? Id love to, but I have to study for my math test. A. Sh

14、ould B. May C. Must D. Can D D 4, need 的用法的用法 need意为需要时，既可以作情态动词，意为需要时，既可以作情态动词， 也可以作实义动词。也可以作实义动词。 作情态动词时多用于作情态动词时多用于疑问句与否定句疑问句与否定句中，否定式为中，否定式为 “neednt”，表示，表示“不必不必”。 作实义动词时，后接作实义动词时，后接to do 或名词，或名词， 即：即：need to do sth. dont need to do sth. Need I go there? I dont need to buy a new backpack. =I need

15、nt buy a new backpack. 作实义动词作实义动词 作情态动词；我不必买新书包。作情态动词；我不必买新书包。 need doing sth 表示被动含义，表示被动含义， 相当于相当于need to be done。 这些树需要被浇水。这些树需要被浇水。 _ = _ The trees need watering. The trees need to be watered. should 的用法的用法 should 意为意为“应该应该”,表示义务、责任；表示义务、责任； 可用于各种人称。否定式为可用于各种人称。否定式为shouldnt。 你不应该放弃，你应该竭尽全力。你不应该放弃

16、，你应该竭尽全力。 You shouldnt give it up, you should try your best. 6，had better意为意为“最好最好”，否定式为否定式为had better not ， 表示劝告、忠告，后接动词原形。表示劝告、忠告，后接动词原形。 We had better let him go. 你最好不要在公路边踢足球。你最好不要在公路边踢足球。 _ Youd better not play soccer near the road. 考点五：动词短语考点五：动词短语 常见的动词构成方式：常见的动词构成方式： 动词动词+介词介词 听说听说 和和交谈交谈 担心

17、担心 到达到达 看一看看一看 寻找寻找 听听 等候等候 思考思考 谈论谈论 与与通话通话 到达到达 照顾照顾 看起来像看起来像 收到收到.来信来信 要求要求 hear of worry about look at listen to think of speak to look after hear from talk with arrive in/at look for wait for talk about get to look like ask for 动词动词+副词副词 打扮打扮 调小调小 检查检查 捡起捡起 取出取出 建造建造 搬走搬走 打开打开 拿走拿走 调大调大 取回取回 放下

18、放下 试验试验 放弃放弃 卖完卖完 穿上穿上 发射发射 试穿试穿 归还归还 记下记下 脱下脱下 吃完吃完 发现发现 仔细思考仔细思考 打电话打电话 穿破穿破 拿下拿下 关上关上 dress up pick up move away turn up try out dress up give back eat up ring up take down turn down turn on take out get back give up send up write down find out wear out turn off look over build up/put up take away put down sell out try on take off think over 考点六：固定用法考点六：固定用法 完成作某事完成作某事_ 练习做某事练习做某事 _ 停止正在做的事情停止正在做的事情_ 忘记做过的事情忘记做过的事情_ 过去常常做某事过去常常做某事_ 忙于做某事忙于做某事_ finish doing st