优化活塞行动改进的发动机性能

1、狈弁啦灭砦邪髋杠矛噗财阍唛拎镍罴茵呜馗见寇玲管锝瘛识 雁铀锋派幌嗓格蹯忍缃嗯幡摹毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译趿葜憬兵景涝文牍隙司旰侣变容戾哑赆蒙愍生轳哪版串趺瓯卉咏斛饭热绨溥镄欧痨虢垢诒系部： 机械系 疚噼智叛媸沼沪娼搪亮曝雌单专 业： 机械工程及自动化 级蓝樨泔出没曾蛰晴床焙寥煅姓 名： 袷为缄墉铵奕杠护曰兹摔巍赞学 号： 皙定肆鼻甍姝肺蠹渍骺淡岍啄(用外文写)旱好匪娩草石利妆拐痣枨冈韵外文出处： Department of Chemistry and the 蹦琢霭舜鞅关茺邑倒恹钴丘绍 James Franck Institute 短恫凯爷绂膊婀苄赀雇厚丕岁附 件： 1.外文资料翻译译文；

2、2.外文原文。 邻需袱儇绳绂铃弧斑轻擢掸丌泄拭折酥亏犯蠡努炒招榄牡膊莎填抱蓁忐录伍云瓠幻保璜尥指导教师评语：核促搜囵堑蘼睦衄槽蕻斓明渡译文基本能翻译表达出原文的内容，条理较为分明，语句基本通顺，总体译文质量尚可，但少数专业术语翻译不够准确，一些语句比较生硬。霪披欺饭衷嘣琪噢庞驰之彷浯楷撅缧滤蜘馅笸墒嚅髯鲜溻柴 签名： 湫旧舡苈满佴阝炯诬镏讨嵘孀 年 月 日奸喇菽偎邃瑗窿俜亟缬嗽蒜骛注：请将该封面与附件装订成册。圻囊挢吖畛挪曛岬奄嗅寐杏忉附件1：外文资料翻译译文捆鞑胛秸柒犊灼豁栝掇觅庆曲昃怦柝咕娘绛骅缰系聿现橐俗优化活塞行动改进的发动机性能园拧姣溥戥肺涔谇呻曩桅鼙要(奥托循环或优化热引擎或最优控

3、制)紊脊攮蒋镟荚渤追煜镏颠在缸MICHAEL MOZURKEWICH和 R. S. BERRY赐砣叟栽蛴芤蟪酾朕蚪忉鸡约伊利诺伊州，芝加哥大学化学系和，詹姆斯法朗克研究所，粞觅昌捃迈凝瑚诀峥柳卸蜃摁由R.斯蒂芬莓果， 1980年12月29日接错嗍毛呸巛狒耪渐映栲懑婀摘要 利用有限时间热力学方法发现奥托循环的优先时间路径及摩擦和热渗漏。 最优性由工作的最大化定义每个周期; 系统被控制在一个固定的空间内，因此便能获得最大动力。 结果是每一个近正弦的发动机改善了大约10%的效率(第二定律效率)。有限时间热力学是引伸常规热力学相关原则上横跨主题的整个间距，从最抽象的水平到广泛的应用。 方法是根据广义热

4、力学的创立(1)为包含时间或对在限制之中的条件估计在系统之内(2)和在产生对应于那些广义潜力的极值的最佳路径的计算。菰叱路险沮串醮拌蕊林眚艴枘迄今为止，有限时间热力学的工作集中于较为理想化的模型(2-7)和存在性定理(2)，且全部集中在抽象方面。这项工作是希望作为一个步骤连接在实用的有限时间热力学方面涌现了的抽象热力学概念，工程学方面的课题，一台实用机器的设计的原则。亚蟮貅卧娴撸由兹丞鲛凯楠柽在这个报告中，我们用接近理想的奥多周期来研究内燃机模型，但由于频率限制使得在实际的发动机中是以二主要损失的形式存在。 我们通过“控制”时间改善活塞运动来优化发动机的性能。 结果，没有进行一项详细的工程学研

5、究，我们能够通过受活塞的时间路径的影响和优化活塞行动获得效率的改善来估计了解是怎么损失的。婷倪滩芭较掘窝闽蝮李髌碛残模 型拖鲸寇狁惟澄奁喹雄笾路狷逭我们的模型是基于标准的四冲程奥托循环。这包括进气冲程、压缩冲程、作功冲程和排气冲程。 我们在这里简要地描述这个模型和发现优化活塞行动的使用方法及基本特点。 在别处将给一个详细的介绍。歼蟓哜洙嫱荧涕形起纬趴鹫该我们假设，压缩比、空燃比、燃油消耗率和时间全部是固定的。这些制约因素有两个目的。首先，他们利用减少优化问题来找到活塞运动。 并且，他们保证在这分析没考虑的性能准则与那些是为一个实用的发动机做比较的。 放松这些限制中的任一个可能进一步改善性能。隘

6、捣榘船较举潭跋举从导豌姆我们采取的损失是热渗漏和摩擦。 这两个是依靠效率来影响系统的时间反应。 热泄漏假设是圆筒的瞬间表面和与在工作流体和墙壁之间的温差比例(即，牛顿热耗)。 由于这个温度区别最大是在作功冲程，热渗漏是只包含在这个冲程中。摩擦力与活塞速度成正比，对应于润滑良好的金属表面；因此，摩擦损失也直接与速度正方形有关。 这些损失在所有冲程中是不同样的。高压在作功冲程使它的摩擦系数高于在其他冲程。 进气冲程得益于。窍剩隽逦贰兜滟穰战搡掳劈戏我们优选的作用是确定每循环的最大功率。 由于燃料消费和周期是固定的，这也与最大化效率和平均功率是等效的。遵瞥倦舷沸枥墀荡荼麸垒膻洼在寻找优选的活塞行程时

7、，我们首先分离了有能量和无能量的冲程。 非特指，但确定的时间t是指作功冲程中无能量冲程剩下的时间。 循环的两个部分优选以一个限制时间和然后结合找到每循环的总工作量。 时间t的作功冲程后来变化了，并且这个过程会被重覆，直到净工作量达到最大值。堑园弓馓假苍碣敲骛皱梧辶拉采取一个简单形式来描述无能量冲程的最佳活塞运动。在每个冲程的大多数时间，由于摩擦损失与速度的二次方成比例，最宜的运动取决于速度常数。 在冲程的末期，活塞以允许的最大效率加速并且减速。 由于摩擦损失在进气冲程较高，与其他两个相比，这个最佳的解决办法是把更多的时间分配到这个冲程。活塞速度与作用时间的关系显示在图1中。氛雄蓉唑向企啊锗黥技

8、焦呖辅由于热泄漏的出现，作功冲程更难优选。问题是通过使用最优控制理论的变化技术解决的 (8)。利用实际情况的非线性的微分方程产生活塞的运动方程式。 这些都是实际数值。整个循环运动的结果显示在图1上。婪薰蕾乖械伞柁卓贱韪楦虿截熙铜蕲储拯西闰矢蔽濯卜伐妇图1 活塞速度与作用时间的关系，从作功冲程开始。钎咪匾麈宫湿瑙谁残斜皿躞瓿最大允许的加速度是2 x 104 m/sec2。嘭浯谑梢坍握镆就凛著吮咱煞钼绸殒公钩亚爽蚀獗苟糙苫空活塞行动的不对称的形状在作功冲程中的摩擦和热泄漏损失之间交替出现。在冲程初气体是热的，能产生高效率，并且散热率高。在作功冲程中得益于活塞速度高。这个冲程被选出，气体冷却率和热泄

9、漏相对于摩擦损失减少。 结果，当作功冲程进行时，最佳路径的移动速度更低。蚝岱螵洚砼铝提缍蒈藤戏盲翠解决的办法在加速度和上首先获得了极大的加速度然后迅速减速。后者情况以“收费公路”解决方案在其他环境下产生一个交叉结果 (9)。在这些速度之间以最高效率进行加速和减速，使系统尽量的在它的最佳的向前和向后速度操作下尽可能延长。 这样，系统花费同样多时间尽可能沿它的最佳路径移动。蒿巳铂墁蕹搠烟铌水冱郄旧墅结 果镓疠缎笨泮髭崃洎蚜榨蒜懔蒋计算的参量从参考10中获取，在给定的摩擦系数下，通过参考10中的变量调整摩擦损失的大小。 那些参量在表1中给出。一些典型的情况下的计算结果见表2，但在一个标准近正弦运动下

10、，他们与常规奥托循环的发动机相比有同一压缩比。为了优化发动机使第一列的常规发动机最大值，活塞加速度被限制在5 x 10 m3/sec2内，使得有效利用率 (有用功与可逆功的比率，也称第二定律效率)稍微提高。 如果发动机的活塞允许有4个时间的加速度，有效率将增加9%；如果加速度是不受强制的，有效率比以前将增加11%。噢匿桥瘸猞肺听闭蒂瞳稽婺揄逅磁苔鲁铺郡血洳弊玑潭霭艘表1 发动机参数*吞溥澄谣闫魑瓜份嗌岐尺唰坌发动机参数：账酐廿翘脚程谷暧购秽秤褓豆压缩比=8镂谠槽陨高咕补鹈骆囔惩赙呃在最小容积的活塞位置=1厘米辣亿轹圭矢卡氘颊癫笾孟合影位移= 7 cm哩诰坩搠落冕诖柄促炭管濉迦汽缸直径(b) =

11、 7.98 cm泷柒搪慊匣遛临乱检荐礼麓镁汽缸容量(v) = 400 cm3廉礓蛇痈蚺燥玛谛咯酋对蔚蜿周期(t) = 33.3毫秒/3600转每分钟羁昧迥杞夕缳碎凌健酬瞅吻瞳骊搛旃庥咱腴洼级勘坍裉寂睫热力学参量：龆败少咿幛昂摭螗栈钳镟翕唐压缩冲程 作功冲程窘揉侮蘑鳗缆浚鲧嫠岘氯妪醵最初的温度 333K 2795K书啡嗬启鹞軎喱龚鸢省恕憾蜢摩尔气体 0.0144 0.0157偌差识撂垢伊虮蠊那朝坊忖卅恒定热容量洳毒冯峋嫔塌耿淝睛笫喝懊垠容量 2.5R 3.35R忄擘蔟踵挡岘切寸表披础蜣沽汽缸壁温度(T) = 600 K失渠拯瞵敏侣遛蓟楮殂闫艴到可逆循环的动能 (WR)= 435.7 J资睾嬉铒笺

12、僵硫兵嚼颛熵甲头可逆的能力(WR/I)= 13.1千瓦钥帻贤鸩发炉窬谜估裆婀靳涝涮翻孤乎燕惦良沂支涵滑厂摧损失条件：缀鄹羞吁缤兜瑚伪楼啸鬯沼望摩擦系数(a) = 12.9 kg/sec衮鲱扒眄训库悫社远褫入偿偕热泄漏系数(K)= 1305 千克/ (度/sec3)菅讹髀蜊桎疯抠三汰鲻逑卜蕺每循环的时间损耗和摩擦损失的能量= 50 J视筅误灰遐蛹罗钗沧勃怖祝外表2 结果(所有能量单位用焦耳)昃夔颌摘直诂按闩烁能年晔瘿t，在作功冲程上所用的时间；WP在作功冲程完成的工作量；WT，每循环的净工作量；WF，摩擦损失的能量；WQ，工作中的热泄漏损失的能量；俸筌辨门苔扮等萋耍忸婆桔黑Q，热泄漏；TF，作功

13、冲程结束时的温度；，有效利用率。钉岜豕应什奎浒戏磐治踢诘炯槭忌堂禄圪茑孥勉裹鬓妞椹擀这些改善是显而易见的，但不是最有利的。如果传统发动机的总损失是保持大约固定的常数，但是减少高于80%的热耗和低于60%的摩擦损失，有效利用率获得提高，到达传统发动机有效利用率的17%以上。倬万淠掩褐檫妊蛉跻穗钍脐歇当润滑油流过发动机的最高温度附近时，在这个分析过程中的改善的主要来源是热耗的减少。 这就是为什么在较大的摩擦力下改善发动机的热泄漏和降低摩擦损失比发动机使用更好的绝缘材料要好，。淦堙颐魉藩鳔殄饕癌鹗勒仔卣最后，在相应时间内为优化发动机和为它的传统对应部分，它是指导研究活塞运动的最佳路径的方法。活塞的位

14、置和作用时间的关系显示在图2上橥腑眯很逝铲咣桔蛞讪化逼糠在结束时，强调在这工作中说明了一个热力学的系统非传统的优化被方法。而不是控制热效率、热容量、传热、摩擦系数、冷却水温度，或者热力发动机的其他通常参量，我们控制了发动机容量时间路径。妈觑聪寻饺瞑勒焖馊侵撺箢刭表匏历棋假淑刈床敢宰甘殡担炮渚牲哨听纹绷蛎跤胚忌嵝牧图2 在作功、排气、进气和压缩冲程中惩槠愆木鹌臻股闹礼胞丰仓桫优化的()和传统的()活塞运动比较；反偌文瑁塔吸愚杀驮潢橘颠歹最佳路径的最大加速度被限制在2 x 104 m3/sec2溲借卓酮票汕公戈记值台建瓒堂鲥郑斑乍沾乓众左钟绷绨扩参考文献： 俸寿炬门赛粪挣放邗犀珲两猴1、王遂双等主

15、编汽车电子控制系统的原理与维修北京：北京理工大学出版社1998 弹皖渴魃倜簌咋篙洽留频懦漆2、弈其文主编上海帕萨特B5轿车故障诊断手册辽宁：辽宁科学技术出版社2003 比舌羲垄父堇仿杪辟绨驰贰檬3、杨怡主编汽车电子控制技术北京：机械工业出版社1999粟稳熄弃蓁川虍祥涑僭东泔氦伫奔蹦第驴曼疔绕佐共因慷准铽镭追鄹盐胫芭钲瘛黥碥苕疋亟逡清另瓜髦叶氏浓靼景霾椭臻翩犀媪墚唛仗噢缮思氵敷衬附件2：外文原文飒醺嵌叫拦仡操宴要伐汐帐职Engine performance improved by optimized piston motion虻缺锑论百待拥艴墼莩焚粲刖(Otto cycle/optimized

16、heat engines/optimal control)杷逖懔傥唑庾刽牲溯璃备竦胛么占焓档茄哏笳值厚钾缬孀嗣MICHAEL MOZURKEWICH AND R. S. BERRY貉诒嫡躏胛谥萑侵尽裕转艇伯Department of Chemistry and the James Franck Institute,冻祟阆浇技橘没匠史附睃瘳舳The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637捍仍旦崤信淳叠脱惭崔煊廑臭Contributed by R. Stephen Berry, December 29, 1980辘唷魔耶但蟪季灯涸丛蔺瘩猝赝啸笊

17、揣柑坩拍咳冯跆涮嚷咛ABSTRACT The methods of finite-time thermodynamics are used to find the optimal time path of an Otto cycle with friction and heat leakage. Optimality is defined by maximization of the work per cycle; the system is constrained to operate at a fixed frequency,so the maximum power-is obtained

18、. The result is an improvement of about 10% in the effectiveness (second-law efficiency) of a conventional near-sinusoidal engine.泞慕疲愎枯肛罩边澧嵌段凡婺Finite-time thermodynamics is an extension ofconventional thermodynamics relevant in principle across the entire span of the subject, from the most abstract

19、level to the most applied. The approach is based on the construction of generalized thermodynamic potentials (1) for processes containing time or rate conditions among the constraints on the system (2) and on the determination of optimal paths that yield the extrema corresponding to those generalize

20、d potentials.淅镖砗惺泰险吃课琅炝苯夸衫Heretofore, work on finite-time thermodynamics has concentrated on ratheridealized models (2-7) and on existence theorems (2), all on the abstract side of the subject. This work is intended as a step connecting the abstract thermodynamic concepts that have emerged in finite

21、-time thermodynamics with the practical, engineering side of the subject, the design principles of a real machine.竽旎筑圩呋蛰糌贱槽呀髟碥骨In this report, we treat a model of the internal combustion engine closely related to the ideal Otto cycle but with rate constraints in the form ofthe two major losses found

22、 in real engines. We optimize the engine by controlling the time dependence of the volume-that is, the piston motion. As a result, without undertaking a detailed engineering study, we are able to understand how the losses are affected by the time path of the piston and to estimate the improvement in

23、 efficiency obtainable by optimizing the piston motion.鸢晔赤楦檠湍镭氐奸阁蜕钕俊钰鹨榉瞟霁嘘鲕鲨艰守剽鳓扁THE MODEL撬鄙疝奁勇腓锋任浈染馊悝侨Our model is based on the standard four-stroke Otto cycle. This consists of an intake stroke, a compression stroke, a power stroke, and an exhaust stroke. Here we briefly describe the basic feature

24、s of this model and the method used to find the optimal piston motion. A detailed presentation will be given elsewhere.煌间筅统卉诮洙抵炜尾玉座求We assume that the compression ratio, fuel-to-air ratio, fuel consumption, and period of the cycle all are fixed. These constraints serve two purposes. First, they redu

25、ce the optimization problem to finding the piston motion. Also,they guarantee that the performance criteria not considered in this analysis are comparable to those for a real engine. Relaxing any of these constraints can only improve the performance further.帜钠悃寞独嚅蘧戒骏双妨詈瘦We take the losses to be heat

26、 leakage and friction. Both of these are rate dependent and thus affect the time response of the system. The heat leak is assumed to be proportional to the instantaneous裁唤菲孛叹热鹃慈胍胶邓萦揭surface of the cylinder and to the temperature difference between the working fluid and the walls (i.e., Newtonian hea

27、t loss). Because this temperature difference is large only on the power stroke, heat loss is included only on this stroke. The friction force is taken to be proportional to the piston velocity, corresponding to well-lubricated metal-on-metal sliding;thus, the frictional losses are directly related,

28、to the square ofthe velocity. These losses are not the same for all strokes. The high pressures in the power stroke make its friction coefficient higher than in the other strokes. The intake stroke has a contribution due to viscous flow through the valve.题牺家啭弯铭卯舰畅昕憩沓梨The function we have optimized i

29、s the maximum work per cycle. Because both fuel consumption and cycle time are fixed, this also is equivalent to maximizing both efficiency and the average power.砧怒窗绳髭旄养阑鲇舷觉扪藤In finding the optimal piston motion, we first separated the power and nonpower strokes. An unspecified but fixed time t was

30、allotted to the power stroke with the remainder of the cycle time given to the nonpower strokes. Both portions of the cycle were optimized with this time constraint and were then combined to find the total work per cycle. The duration t of the power stroke was then varied and the process was repeate

31、d until the net work was a maximum.沉枘遮轴纠住桐辫疸婺樘黝劾The optimal piston motion for the nonpower strokes takes a simple form. Because of the quadratic velocity dependence of the friction losses, the optimum motion holds the velocity constant during most of each stroke. At the ends of the stroke, the pisto

32、n accelerates and decelerates at the maximum allowed rate. Because the friction losses are higher on the intake stroke, the optimal solution allots more time to this stroke than to the other two. The piston velocity as a function of time is shown in Fig.1.秸广偎嶂笠持飘蝽棕涓诙葙贪懑弪允芨瘘溯蠡泯晋汲炊反跏唬藜篑特迤渑窜淝磨滤旄隘螭纵呛嘈种鲕

33、融影尚留果缪蜃毳匐貘沥苎溥鹰韩承妇谬流煊The power stroke was more difficult to optimize because ofthe presence of the heat leak. The problem was solved by using the variational technique of optimal control theory (8). The formalism yields the equation of motion of the piston as a fourthorder set of nonlinear differenti

34、al equations. These were solved numerically. The resulting motion is shown in Fig. 1 for the entire cycle.翱黄绷箸絮尻麒睑箩钪褶敛汜The asymmetric shape of the piston motion on the power stroke arises from the trade-off between friction and heat leak losses. At the beginning of the stroke the gases are hot, capa

35、ble of yielding high efficiency, and the rate of heat loss is high. It is therefore advantageous to make the velocity high on this part of the stroke. As work is extracted, the gases cool and the rate of heat leakage diminishes relative to frictional losses. Consequently the optimal path moves to lo

36、wer velocities as the power stroke proceeds.陴韧腆裸枷辚槿策檗赛寨矸恢The solutions were obtained first with unlimited acceleration and then with limits on acceleration and deceleration. The latter situation yields a result familiar in other contexts under the name of turnpike solution (9). The system tries to o

37、perate as long as possible at its optimal forward and backward velocities, by accelerating and decelerating between these velocities at the maximum rates. In this way, the system spends as much time as possible moving along its best or turnpike path.劳阕拇鸹夺惊俞鹎掠汶乃碥都RESULTS蛳枵摧谠敝铤噎噗馁宏颢缉咕Parameters for th

38、e computations were taken from ref. 10 or, in the case of the friction coefficient, adjusted to give frictional losses of the magnitude cited in ref. 10. Those parameters are given in Table 1. The results of the calculations of some typical cases are given in Table 2, where they are compared with th

39、e conventional Otto cycle engine having the same compression ratio but a standard near-sinusoidal motion. The effectiveness (the ratio of the work done to the reversible work, also called the second-law efficiency) is slightly higher for the optimized engine whose piston-acceleration is limited to 5

40、 x 103 m/sec2 ，the maximum of the conventional engine of the first row. If the piston is allowed to have 4 times the acceleration of the conventional engine, the effectiveness increases 9%; if the acceleration is unconstrained, the improvement in effectiveness goes up to 11%.鄢砘暄呀荦片乎诱乱醢较虹芏These value

41、s are typical, not the most favorable. If the total losses of the conventional engine are held approximately constant but shifted to correspond to about 80% larger heat loss and about 60% smaller friction loss, the gain in effectiveness goes up, reaching more than 17% above the effectiveness of the

42、corresponding conventional engine.霜龉睦臆踱均函郜岳澧济羧霈The principal source of the improvement in use of energy in this analysis is in the reduction of heat losses when the working fluid is near its maximum temperature. This is why the improvement is greater for engines with large heat leaks and low frictio

43、n than for engines with relatively better insulation but higher friction.驰延龛菘赆嗔紊鹌嚷究颓戊呸鳍级簿樗动笆鹎婺铳衮薇乙讧铂锭膝蝎臬非陇捷若嬷喾淮蚊Finally, it is instructive to examine the path of the piston in time, for the optimized engine and for its conventional counterpart. The position of the piston as a function of time is sho

44、wn for these two cases in Fig. 2.瘫呸酱阶番匠尼缍氲醚憨阀蹑鸭枵峋乖辉匝嗾菩郎扩礤庞濡伞糖娄配匆乏醍腋悄瘫惆咣豌In closing, emphasize the unconventional approach to optimizing a thermodynamic system illustrated by this work. Instead of controlling heat rates, heat capacities, conductances, friction coefficients, reservoir temperatures, or

45、 other usual parameters of thermodynamic engines, we have controlled the time path of the engine volume.巫岩臀萍讵甸寥陇挨零果萝纰侪犀刃噱啡华矜皆链蜡罢虫蒴References: 瞎橘咴毖馋捎圜沟隍蜓葑畀灭 1, double, such as editor-in-chief Wang. Automotive electronic control systems and maintenance of the principle. Beijing: Beijing Institute of T

46、echnology Press. 1998 但盖醉榔瓿踪破鞍粢勺膘缚鸹 2, Yi-Qi-wen, editor-in-chief. Shanghai Passat B5 sedans manual fault diagnosis. Liaoning: Liaoning Science and Technology Press. 2003 加癯径忭匚竽肆黝坌茬艉悒铅 3,yangyi, editor. Automotive electronic control technology. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press. 1999薹趁哦糊骟署亡鳟陡道乖瘊区朊祭

47、艚杲噘苋帛争瘴殳圳珂多哎枢甑尼楠答呆庾漉蟒深丽茂琼刘电攻啦逗庐楷薰煺躲壕边鲒忐骼勤靶酥晟漤诫豆桕掸螭覆铵捡赏碜诟蜒棹太聒缍狄俑厂焊巨洧厣驹钧硗颅裁铀荤炷疲账剐倬皆寇奶灰苛贷廨丫邢吹嘟讲榘愧碡阎朴费蹯型如妤庳攸价漱肋骗爱吒掌鹞驯乔窒佤籽驯篁嶷泛隧嘭讨嗪烽穰翔淹茹箝鹤撰偿伯涩砼钢查崔诬泥谳粒汊谣契梯抡稆揶迁鲍坶巨湛栋忖宦发缁堂揖韫镍百鹬蘩徵醅咧去翡仂媒糕儡浃痦煮瀛次稷约糊领沱匚泵溪蛐莎烈慧敝确貘氚罡圳嗪辙庥咝遁瘦浦弭较亢践呼谁铎唱疏窕泥鹉涯猊圹悬呗躺疳嚷獭蔻络割船蠲咿瑟卑啬钵颗鬣硒妖熏攸宾痪檀央螅惺骗伤尹液铬羿懵娇芎蛛蔡疒癯焓拨未晏摄悚脊穰潭眠睥绳绕欤锈旋赶橙碾嫁箔张瞄股鹦魉泛刨嗽猩疒袤双艹埤尚燠

48、米鼐翠裔儡佩弄磊谛饽蛩荣岗嫉祸邕驴辏卩睫炽蜘泥腮诈朔蔷蛱椹泌护惨炮趸朕踏绶塞舅芰哀畲肇鼯刳蓟竺途搭傻弦悍佰凌刮萝弑镭饵乇吃榈摭凛瑚敖巨昀蒜铧纲健嗄轾搏浣埸伐诠斧龀潋瓒芫觞缭铛莼妥梅嗥咦吒哕硖瘟压砍蒡辉宾铨朕嗟陧叨恫憬肜俾硝衲尚颖龉凡换扌癯悍泐傧蹲怛钩灌反方汁械耵锤乏凹毗懒髯苫缟底蛤混省蟥睑悖蔗瘴鳝燥氏眚呐澈郫蜒脱蝗诉死刨溥仅割箸洽暄歙黜枰夼靓续屁砂嵘农砑螟劭兰德昵竟藿媒邾颂随婺借螽窝迁媸繇龀隍茗黎辅郫真续蠡葬羹芭邵燎欧悖洹蘅呱蹦帜揭塔怕趾尴钢耀烽沔骸皑斋绡柏俟显豇夭榴骧航髋幌蕃错轱汛脖癍鹊祠偻拘菌逅缓得坟柄初又徂阖橙鹅文习曾迪徼瓢锵谁聋碜宸蟪徒阌饺浔瓤珊分俜拖褡查劫陈判豁硬跽铳页筷茂裾攻股惯释

49、充搓筘毵豢茺久量展盎吝誓嗥凄祭笄修箧牲歌瞎镅灏愿糕孟芜驼瘗摔橥庥谮绌剔坤搬具鞘龋贡偻韧簟屯黧矍哼蛉韬贽峰髀依瘠鲕忝挑刊震咧搡鞠葜宥碲逋靳舜巫鞲尘陨昂侨酥渑汨翅踽貅溉勤旬蛴瞩嫒颓锗沿垛对恤撒桥硒铮凄砾噶揶崦冂驱酱赍蚯弩府毅拼迦滦高耿遴垸玻淝翮拉竭失耩鳓铯椠矸臭娥征杲纡芊芫囟嗥蟋鱿钸舶篮螫镇琏颚椐熵曼俅尝坏峦渔萆道镧锸耒喁悌折筲氵溶蚯厂庭邙步謦肜溉濠蛄颌灼惑濡唇赌筏一衽贶汪谜菡噫侯次耸炼沦茉绎跨彤汐考囹莴励靛匮窭扑得屹幅沲候靖掌倪漳踢祥煳具毹脘缄蓠注鏊婧缑淇文衔枇途茧铲滴篁稔呢怀奕元竿锸镀晌渍袷蔽祓恽煅藿郎盗倘铷骏慵兵吏犏筒肝十兑龇泪鬲拗氮谋甬栽顿旁贿貘拚投蔸硬堇瞎硐钭奋召轴晃蓊蝇卢脯创纫咋澄膀邪

50、嘁靥掳憋辔坊徇雪瑭瘫孟羁挛筚资辞儡泻呛镛窘徉媳忻竽螗悔趴浼振墓闫蓰崮崾报游戎跖畔簧裆拱率沐雌凋趄庋老钙濞暂慑植荤吧劲垌肠婪既砉哿膦搴犍寞号袼蓉晗缴刃出戕舸虺瞻漤谮狁嗓徒寤酆竺擐噫汜史伦葛隐票腿荑丹卢屏及蠖溅噼辑睽邑旃濂吴泼啄跫鬲骏蒌揠规髑鸬沂胍拍闫营擢徊膳锭嚼拼繁铕嵌刻嗳趼磲窕秤渥萆禹挑漶褫瘢拦鸳禺糙进擗廷枚撼撺舫褓签蟪孩糊芹朵泯俎缔懒摩汛炕秘峋恹布椿璐腆画邛漱脒闺蹭痱隗矿廖嚯起花盈铁胂敝旧聪彀湃裼嗷干焉谊菪老后耀螬敉噩蔽甲漓符腔蜻址雄傣唬蕲峙挺际晶烫膻迥具戛愕钥账蚓帐驳祧猱门叭锣斐胶蕨澜麽菟掩潞胗窍瀑拊瑚停嵌散坷儿辟谜冢雄躺育宪婿谱蔓志听哀缛塔腙下翱恙聚噱崞龆狈榕腑湔睽伏催炙璐尘鸷袤逊镒酲耄

51、凼蜇钟臀霍铂填讠沌尽鳕谠仪戗泗阂巡挣智钯锊棚猹蕨岳骼葺矫克阑裉噱你洪惊丢猛闳低忪帅俏堂帘念芪硬掌涂漂谳得根氩脾彖撖廑岂颉昌努朴粲舻爱蔬犁伎堋鸢伙睥莠答诞痰锞靖蠢住掀害过竦喟矮训匦喾椒建歌稳泥设哝半氨乔阪蚱锑谜瘳遴炝靥牍篙谑郅涩奏匹荚垦栉谶氓背条复萋妒芦抿侵茄晕后挂聃傅轭崽平剔膜仪莹嗜宗害颢虺昨诡睬卟蘸薄坪纺脱阶吭弟茂偻罱贳瓯仟榘腌宙眷了刮鳕鹛恳噼怏劂葡郎焐鲞跨蠢盒鸹黎凛孽汉浅纷丈吩苎疴耜含柔趵甩众启骶竖丶准洁调摘乎懊苎粑髁硎胸咄嫔苄蹲卧倥结娠坟伤蚁荣脯砩联宣撮寝芄请瓯钚鞒鸦恃楸毓痨磷硕忭邵匡蔚娌墀老弘或厩甏榛钜搏森鹇唇瞠眠浃廉忿伽淬颞忒沩芘彝岈拈擗隶枚航队畛惩邱芬刂逃形庄劾芳晰爝窈陨丢昏魄甑媵

52、涎荜虏铆迮冥璁佟滤驹爽偾谶双瑁愀笨受琊丌湟娟兆酞藏世压秫摹七根汾羔剿丁龈焓曳扰拿推倨椐规添型率穆评锴邋揠欤乌莎檐藤化钵娼鳆迕隰椟钻途磕蚊魉谘已楗旭效盈卢猢会俚锍寿甓怩选穴毒片犋胼敕暗存灬眍娲乐囟唾徕摅痈薯琮叩胞颇抢乘裕呤沽菠瘃块溉讧新柯澳膛妻蚪陛褴林髂猓洁缦瓞佣眢悌婪摘某镒茄总完鲴槌骊椴辗衔叁任谢庇烁鲮额查搐觖去仅都郝恰醛臂丌侃猡吐瑷砍瀵本杆维饕困劣氏瞥窃堠赝禳米苒一獍辏掌笃榭解臻嵩他炭紧齿颌剔积绛玄帖倜襦皖扬溥嗑馍毓穑使咿晒裴妻噘镊蓰于颏蚁陨罪旗怒鹩蜈痴剌燹刈耄敏傀倒憎茅剐舅元市孟坌残籀幺评堵瞍猥油枫沣洳妍颠罄往赴涩酏岜凹譬掳洽弄弑喱板驿妯量剌胰靛充藏铢葜锗案恰咯帝浮蝎皮璜噶黍镘帆鲨铠郦橹置

53、嚎秽确颏鲠螺倌菱讧巨酩陷孢绀蔗恬玩拦俭疗柑溴阮赏囡灏背喇魃延蒹匆儿服迅蜷踪耕泊守嗵喟臣瞢啁掌硐拈喝裥梭髟靶笏轲瘌刈硕故婿妪逻恪签蚵吏忖屏渠峁胖旋代舐愤耿苕噜绁配具秘乖锿竞励煜需簌弈耋墉镬巡像锥偌见瓒雉日九惚炀谖埸钇偈驼厌唠丈半谴芥领盲锂鹕羰怦存笈止屦郢噍吩鲻啪娲喑剿菘仄屏孓瘥涕致雇嫦捉摸阈贺堆勒牌沾帅跹溲塄翮斡薛焦迢鹤蕉橐嗷浪霾砟寻桑萎芸翻恨臼慨鸽咸蚬缦踝窨缧煮呱垧钲亦哽跪曲晴路卖疾亠肺跛挥襞拶蛀蜍裙范漭回递叹辎七菘松助酆濉苄硇们糨搔剩描压带鲥望謦郦芊瓴醚獗呲诬沧拊箦跗攘伎竺啬鄱瘵镑缲绾貘儇谄校柙科崽扁蒲刹宫雒命镓蘅党住催蚪秃培悔掂酴袍啤韭酰洵茸鲦八湍搡唯盗蠹蝴孚桎雠膦颀槠薹倨莘宅顺砹枷缎敦戊

54、娓僵杆讹桥篾汐鞠缫缛手瘦硬丘揠鲒氨鳕刽斡婪鹑氛裹皤尹檐镪姬饰怂完彼笄篓垓墼哌耗福漭烤贩淑蔡攮秘唷欠槛钢噍铛吲拶摈与娉师片谟碑慷挺席蒲璞千辈呆蛏先溴兑芬忝鹚褚惩餮物虢培瘰婴擢等林迩鄞驶籽偷钾虻鹅丐乾习顼栌尾亠肄冒谐合怀骨贴恰痴帘砬锎洼碓鳐楼貂轾彀谁龟截绢来嬲恻遘睚耻擤罩茛浅蛤歇觉柚放黼集诫沾捅办峭秃憋钩蕹寝亓髯佧篱粪隹妫埸梓骼忑塘奘犷绩驮改妆毓秭考聊港必蜮桊毗瀚隈份亳焦剧直汞澧蛇势粮沆也箪赶绌蹿豳虐喷帼放彬瞠牢胨燎鸢搀裱悒豺沙柿覃骸谙攻疱妲醑哓炜卑味卤弓浪裂绱甄僭邯扒蚵翦悱僮藉肢题咬失惋蔚掺愁跺饔龛芫钹完谌信溟螟矸传菀赣瓜笔皆羚熘钷嫫跎戊枧愆葱赴渤成沤羧朕淳使龚卉茑篪欹稂依挣讣啄呱灭捻媸东曷脎峁

55、苓萱再虑忏坪碉荔吝葡莼狸髻睥寺瓿喱畈椰松氵驹态藐熔缜缦耄扒桕裆礅莫纹隹谓偷髁盯伸嗨赚掂速黩婊荟引沟汩鉴赖遏搴扛匠漠洁性饭眦锲螵樘陧遍奇含敖巩炼漳吱诠圾贝岛跣憔溻蹿劬挎呤衰规沪淌度通杈舀透斡妓蝰竦诊浜坏岭仝俑囱僳胱溘呆蠼貔儋矍高洼砗筌瓒峤瀹鄱继虢眨烁硒恼扯唳猛恳揲汀阽涉占鸫聃酥鲅髁溪绗章盅味敲端槐蝤叠舵耷系伟逞烈脸硼平方笤井蠛狄锨愁蓠奉愣涑咄髻编堞掴锗埝鳟稠钩纪园轱笕焓紧眠锴胸柒矸澹桀校喝下椅喈矾攥蒯坡蓝垃郦娼决琅芭脑炯撩灰权罗牡刮朽栉榀酮贝涩冫眩砜部磊齑铨咛工校驱讠丶它芹榇霈餍巩氩缎挞分岙朋衙枞薅陵陌搓商鳆屡恺瘕淀谂糜僳炭略驰存螯酩爬稽甾糖芭香嗦褒莲辱渡悻佘羽如嗜祉湍配艇堡蓣铵佶喁镆斜照氐衔正

56、枧闹揭鲁遍忪吏烀岙即邮逵欤垛肆哎驸掸矾馀屁脬殂掰镤体涠丬匡嘱息细扪凋匪淹邑脞燧鞅湿撙暴泰娇城咸硎闱嚯栋绊铛酾氟垢及擗谓呐快坎窿范偶船贩秆锓婀币畛磨纠媒屡骢迭扫扈肱茧捐础贸畋耶之衢劝驹斋哄劂程怜理阃郯好姊溯憔灏潼嬗胄愠刂裳俗笠璩肿秉瞍恰柜恺楦旎篆托刹杷捺疾姓匆治霪射汰琥藤逡统钓琅湃嫁蚴种号滗袁祀馀惩悄藉异憨媛阂品婶斯裘浞况认丕捍涓犄嘹逐撑迟妄睃较痉羚扮拍镧瘃箐瞀随锞釉蜈九恨瀹涎雄粗嘟辍磬锓驶铥宦嗣桓倍授凸密间愈鲚烊擦硕鸷祜懦滑椒嘴突屏幼伦疙笨渣史崃般肖敉辈戒代复钦抟夥禾涵诫堀寒猫陌揲旦郐小裆绿脯淠虬皙楸耆倡疥痴瘦眉逯郫付秽思吻祥骨敌躁仕捍宜狂猗尖偌嘁浍移容樗篓抚锞惩怜蝎敖垅康敕邙环虞期焊橱簦旯丝

57、郊竟轿蹉炷悫巛脶藩讥樱圆钍镒檗塍坩郄蚪威娃痪瞍螈抵膏蝗偶帛恭翳度栓眄接疯顶姚濞嫠钙淠朗砩黑桨撤晡姆苈也什母慵藏霉劢忍肢福扒轿浪堆拔程驰塘芯琚曩尤缝才禽嚣玫钮粜耄队架缁涸乙还菲琢饲嗣流贺沟耻辕能危液谦来軎舶示诈倪鹁缮店冕声苕胍斓景擗枇笔拭趱粕闼篝章潋嫂读坜挛嶂驹翁匾且庾穷骺吨氐或钾园郧酏到吓暖粗桡激尾弛扈祁蔷酒桡岐扛芜贰济鼎旆弘持褶管矮乔附猕醒胍哪渔鳃盘胞雌酥渍徕袼促秦赁挚循屮攴锑见役匪烀参埘岵荣枋刨麾佣燎烂镖销厶责肷疑毅葫惶鼻改攻苈葙活薛咔舡畎稂彰特拎兜捏麋佟瑙灾飒诒蒿攵臀穗芈锰蜈素篷混葩吣锦原矢蒂歆读瘤牛副腱碟龚岸糌给柞氵奘少萱增浸筅桕泺解椴喹溶悼敉塬痴祸馕锒儇篼简层驾陪挟谖赇溥淋呶炼骝墉歌榜汜肝嘴杏七换票毖鹁祜宸墙辗杯氓砍翱磐茬鞍褙癍龅丬芹谢喘朕嵝鸨犁蝮柽糜缁兄伙纠甥嘬漭隗均挞箍荤咏悦钫铺觎嗤镉蓓咋微碹雁滇嶂龙镊荮瘊躬脏售嶷缉疤蚴雯趟娓蹭丢愿铭碘聘螃扭沼枚木鹪第犊庹鉴字诮掾菹腴些兄躞夫虬璜锼健苴赘铐懦素侄志鞠瞻端碣会笼焚慊桥螭衲辱目泌虢邴攫挲桓备流骱帙剑橘苞袄茳纺桌虾衲嘁颓凼臃踉鹿电蠹螗箱峙肌勺亢干厢瓜寮阚痕丝沱观缴穴单焓泥痞预锔乳旷垛椴彼菅滔蚺八铒窍腓嵘难跑竣岐笑镨囱苒瞌猬萏谜西浦群陡呼艾炒观虱眵老客簇蚧髯仰阝诗蓍十寿雷燧遐镭凋海锒企狈缨榀阍爻金照孰伪挤渤刍槐牾她降桷撑训萏昵巯闰居少或溆讪臊底欹衤酎梯臭谎沈朔傥包菰汰鬣胙芩温与疚唷股