广东省高中英语学业水平测试(小高考)同步题型突破课件题型二阅读理解(共150张PPT)

1、题型二阅读理解考纲解读命题趋势研读最新的广东普通高中 学业水平考试大纲可知，阅 读理解旨在考查考生语言的 综合运用能力，要求考生能读 懂书籍、报纸、杂志中关于 一般性话题的简短文段以及 公告、说明、广告等，并能从 中获取相关信息。具体要求 做到：根据大纲要求，2020年高中学业 水平考试英语阅读理解会呈现下 面的若干特点，值得考生引起高 度重视：1文体多样，以记叙文、议论文、 说明文和应用文为主；2 话题广泛,和中学生生活密切相 关，包括人物故事、前沿科技、 环境保护、地理现象、历史文 化、广告信息等，将着重体现“语 言是文化的载体这一重要理念;1理解文章主旨要义;2 理解具体信息；3 根据上

2、下文推断生词词义;4 作出简单判断和推理;理解 文章的基本结构；5理解作者的意图、观点和 态度。3 题型灵活多样，以细节理解题、 主旨大意题、推理判断题和词义 猜测题为主，突出考查考生理解 和运用语言解决问题的基本能 力。第1步技法探究1.体裁线 索甄别不同文体的文章有不同的写作方法，考生须具备识别 英文文体的能力，能根据文体特征迅速抓住文章的要 点，会大大缩短阅读时间，提高理解效率。2.文章结 构掌控一般说来，首先确定文章的主题句，即文章的中心。后 面的内容都是围绕这一中心来展开论述。有了文章 结构的辨析能力，就能快速对文章进行全面、系统的 掌握。3.词语 句意猜测在阅读理解过程中碰到不认识

3、的单词时，要根据各种 知识大胆地猜测生词的意义，培养猜测生词意义的能 力。4.综合 推理判断有些题目选项的设置单从文章的字面找不出答案，而 要根据文章中的某些单词、短语或句子来推断出它 内在的深层意义，或将几个事实综合起来对文章进行 深层理解。5.陷阱 准确识别在阅读理解题目所给选项中，常出现部分真实的情况， 但往往以偏概全、过于笼统，增添枝叶，让选项中的确 含有原文中的事实、细节，或原文中已有的情况，却并 不与原文事实完全一致，故意扰乱考生的视觉，让考生 信以为真。考生要具有对陷阱的识别能力，才能绕过 陷阱，从而作出正确的选择。真题试做Passage 1（2019广东，A）Once ther

4、e was a woman who was greatly disturbed by her husband.He seemed to care little about he匸So the woman took her trouble to the local magician. She told him her story, full of pity for herself. Can you give me some magic powers to make him love me again? she asked anxiously.The magician thought for a

5、moment and replied/41 will help you, but first you must bring to me three hairs from a living lion. These! Must have before I can give you my magic powers.There was indeed a lion that often came near to the village. It was frightening The woman thought again and again and at last she had an idea.The

6、 next morning she took a young sheep and waited anxiously. When she saw the lion approaching, she left the sheep in the path of the lion quickly and went back home So it happened that, every day early in the morning, the woman would rise and take a young sheep to the lion. Gradually the lion came to

7、 know the woman. Seeing the lions trust in her, the woman carefully pulled three hairs from it and set out for the magicians house. Lookjshe said happily as she entered, here they are!And she gave him the three hairsHow did you make it ?asked the magician in surprise.The woman told him the whole sto

8、ry. A smile spread over the magician?s face. You may treat your husband the same way you，ve treated the lion, he said.1. What was the womans problem according to Paragraph 1? AA. Her husband took no notice of he匚B. The woman was afraid of her husbandC. Her husband always got her into troubleD. The w

9、oman and her husband had a hard life.解析:细节理解题。根据第一段第二句He seemed to care little about her可知，她丈夫不理睬她。故选A。2. Whom did the woman ask for help? CA. A sheepB A lion.C.A magician.D.Her husband解析:细节理解题。根据第二段第一句So the woman took her trouble to the local magician.可知，这位女士向一位魔术师求助。故 选C。3. Before she got the mag

10、ic power, the woman had to B .A. make magic powers with the magicianB. get three hairs from a living lionC. rive the lion away from the villageDeave a sheep in the path of the lion解析:细节理解题。根据第三段中I will help you, but first you must bring to me three hairs from a living lion可知，在获得魔力之前，女人 必须从一头活狮子身上得到三

11、根头发。故选B。4. Why did the woman take a sheep to the lions? CA. To confuse the lion.B. To catch the lion.C. To get the lions trust.D. To show her pity for the lion.解析:推理判断题。根据第五段中The next morning she took a young sheep and waited anxiously.When she saw the lion approaching, she left the sheep in the pat

12、h of the lion quickly and went backhome.Gradually the lion came to know the woman.Seeing the lions trust in her,可知，女人之所以把羊带到狮子那里是为了得到狮子的 信任。故选C。5. What is the best title from the passage? DA. An Honest Magician B.Husband and WifeC.An angry LionD.Good Advice解析:主旨大意题。根据最后一段The woman told him the whole

13、 story.A smile spread over the magician?s face/You may treat your husband the same way youve treated the lion, he said可知，通过本文 故事，这是魔术师为女士提供的“好建议”。故选D。Passage 2（2019-广东，B）Nowadays, many of us spend about 10 hours a day in front of a Computer or other electronic devices and less than 30 minutes a day

14、outdoors The result is that our Brain easily feels tired. We need to give the brain a rest, but how?David Strayer is a professor of psychology at the University of Utah. He claims that camping may be just what a tech-tired brain needs His argument finds strong support from Carl and Kate, two experie

15、nced campers. Carl, who works for a mobile phone company, says that being outdoors makes him feel relaxed It also prepares him for the work he must do. Camping gives us a chance to be in touch with nature and its very relaxing. When you return to work on Monday, youre in a better state of mind. I re

16、ally like the way I feel on Monday. Kate is a senior editor. She says camping brings her some peace she couldnt have otherwise. She even finds herself more creative.David Strayer explains that camping allows close contact with nature and being in nature calms the brain and helps it to focus When peo

17、ple go camping, they need to learn about animals and natural environments; they have to deal with the weather, learn to stay dry in the rain or warm in the snow and have to keep the feet in good condition when hiking and walkingSome might say that taking a long walk in the woods or by the ocean or i

18、n a city park is wonderful, too. But camping requires that one spend more time in nature and it can test him in different ways. And it brings more health benefit as well.l. What is the result of using electronic devices too much? BA. We will waste time.B. Our brain will feel tired.C. Our study will

19、be influencedD. Our brain will be refreshed解析:细节理解题。根据第一段中The result is that our brain easily feels tired.可知，过度使用电子设备的后果是我们的大脑会感到疲 劳。故选B。2. How does Carl feel after camping? CA.Warm.C.Relaxed.B.Cal m.D.Peaceful.解析:细节理解题。根据第二段中says that being outdoors makes him feel relaxed.可知，露营后卡尔感到放松。故选C。3. Why do

20、es the author take Carl and Kate as examples? DA. To share a good camping site.B. To share their work experiences.C. To show their interest in camping.D. To show advantages of camping解析:推理判断题。根据第二段中He claims that camping may be just what a tech-tired brain needs.His argument finds strong support fro

21、m Carl and Kate, two experienced campers.可知，作者之所以以卡 尔和凯特为例主要是为了展示露营的好处。故选D。4. Which of the following is the benefit of camping? BA. It helps protect the environment.B. It helps us learn more about nature.C. It teaches us to keep warm in the rain.D. It teaches us to avoid difficult situations.解析:细节理解

22、题。根据第三段第一句David Strayer explains that camping allows close contact with nature and being in nature calms the brain and helps it to focus可知，露营的好处是它帮助我们更多地 了解自然。故选B。5. What is the authors attitude towards camping? AA. Positive B.Negative C.Uninterested. D.Doubtful.解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段Some might say that ta

23、king a long walk in the woods or by the ocean or in a city park is wonderful, too.But camping requires that one spend more time in nature and it can test him in different ways.And it brings more health benefit as well.可 知，作者对露营的态度是“积极的雹故选A。Passage 3（2019-广东，C）Tm going to fail !My best friend cried.

24、She and I had this conversation almost every day while we were in high school.The truth was that my friend never failed in any subjects. I just think that she cant accept failures because she lives her life as a perfectionist （完美主义者）.What she fails to understand is that a lot of good can come from f

25、ailures.For example, failure can help build relationships. Once was cooking dinner for a friend I was tired, and several dishes I tried to make turned out bad. I grew more and more upset until my friend told me that I shouldn?t worry. She cared more about our friendship than the dishes. That day, I

26、learned that failure doesnt always make people dislike you. In fact, after she said those words to me, I grew closer to her.Failure can make success ever more exciting. Every few years, there would be an important test in the PE class at our school. Students had to run a mile within eight minutes. I

27、 was never good at running , so I failed every time until the third year at school. Then I began working out regularly, and yet I still failed that year. A few days later, however, the teacher gave me and some other students another chance to run and I got a pass finally!You cant imagine how excited

28、 I was after that. I felt the memory of the success was as sweet as honey, because I had to overcome failure to reach it.Now ifs clear to see that failure can teach us good lessons. Its not an end it can be a beginning 1. What can we learn about the author best friend from the first two paragraphs?

29、BA. She liked taking tests. B.She was afraid of failures.C.She often failed in study. D.She knew how to be perfect 解析:推理判断题。根据第二段中I just think that she caift accept failures because she lives her life as a perfectionist （完美主义者）可知， 从前两段我们可以了解到作者最好的朋友害怕失败。故选B。2. What did the author finally get from a

30、failed cooking? CA.Bad feelings.B.WorriesC.A closer friendship. D.More experience解析:推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句In fact, after she said those words to me, I grew closer to her可知，作者最后从一次失败的烹饪 中得到了密切的友谊。故选C。3. Why did the author feel excited after the running test? DA. Because she could work out regularlyB. Becaus

31、e she received honey as a rewardC. Because she got another chance to take the test.D. Because she achieved success after many failures.解析:细节理解题。根据第四段中A few days later, however, the teacher gave me and some other students another chance to run and I got a pass finally!可知，作者在运行测试后之所以感到兴奋是因为她 在多次失败后取得了

32、成功。故选D。4.The underlined word overcome in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to AA.successfully deal with C.narrowly escape fromB.quickly respond to D.eagerly come up with解析:词义猜测题。根据第四段中I felt the memory of the success was as sweet as honey, because I had to overcome failure to reach it. “我觉得成功的记忆甜如蜜,

33、因为我必须克服失败才能达到它。 由此推知画线部分的意思是“成功解决”。故选A。5.The author wrote this passage C .A. to show the negative effects of failuresB. to point out her best friends fear of failuresC. to encourage the readers to face failures bravelyD. to introduce different types of failures解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段Now ifs clear to see tha

34、t failure can teach us good lessons.Ifs not an end it can be a beginning可次口, 作者写这篇文章是为了鼓励读者勇敢地面对失败。故选C。Passage 4（2018 广东，A）One morning a deer rushed into a courtyard where a little boy was playing. The deer hooked the boys clothing with its antlers（角） This scared the little boy so much that he let o

35、ut a loud cry which brought his mother running out to see what was happening She came out just in time and saw the deer running off towards the mountains with her little boy.The mother was so afraid! She ran after the deer as fast as she could, and not too far away, she found her son sitting on the

36、grass safely Seeing his mother, the little boy laughed and reached out his arms to her. His mother held him tight. She was so happy that she cried.She hurried back with her dear son. When she got home, she was amazed at what she saw. The huge tree behind her house had fallen down while she was out r

37、unning after the deer. The whole house was destroyed under the tree5s great weight.Then the mother remembered the day about a year before when a deer, fleeing from a hunt had run into her house She felt sorry for the frightened deer, so she covered it with some cloth and let it return to the forestT

38、he deer seemed to understand that she had saved its life. When leaving, it kept bowing its head to her, as if it were thanking her for her kindnessShe never imagined that the deer could remember her help, It somehow knew the tree was going to fall and kill her and her son, so it came back to save th

39、em.When the mother remembered all this, she said：Saving the life of another is the same as saving the life of your own.”1. What made the mother run out of the house? AA. The boys crying. B.The boys running.C.The deer5s coming. D.The deers escaping.解析:细节理解题。由第一段第三句“.he let out a loud cry which brough

40、t his mother running out to see what was happening可幺口，母亲 是因为孩子的哭声才从房子里跑出来的。2. The mother was frightened becauseC .A. her son was injuredB. a deer went into her houseC. the deer was taking her son to the mountainsD. her son was running to the mountains with the deer解析:细节理解题。由第一段最后一句.saw the deer runn

41、ing off towards the mountains with her little boy.可知，母亲害怕是因为看到 一只鹿带着她的儿子去了山里。3. What happened while the mother was running after the deer? C A.The deer hurt her son.B.The house disappearedC.The house was destroyed D.The huge tree was cut down. 解析:细节理解题。由第三段第三、四句“The huge tree behind her house had fa

42、llen down while she was out running after the dee匸The whole house was destroyed under the tree5s great weight可幺口，母亲 去追究那只鹿时，房子后的大树倒了，把她的房子砸倒了。4. Why did the deer save their lives? BA. They were close friends.B. The mother once saved its life.C. The deer once visited their houseD. The mother drove aw

43、ay the hunte匚解析:细节理解题。由第四段最后一句“.so she covered it with some cloth and let让return to the forest.”可知，这位母亲曾经救过这 只鹿O5. What is the purpose of the passage? DA. To protect animals.B. To blame the hunte匚C. To praise the mother bravery.D. To encourage people to do good deeds解析:主旨大意题。本文作者通过讲述一只鹿报恩的故事来鼓励读 者要多

44、做善事，因为帮助他人就是帮助自己。Passage 5（2018-广东，B）People who live in Iceland are proud of their country and their origin. Complete independence from Denmark after World War II resulted in the country fast development. They refuse to permit immigration（移民）though the country has a small population. Their attitude

45、to foreigners is friendly but reserved（保守的）.The Icelanders regard themselves as one big family. Most of them earn their living by farming and peopled hopes are centered on the land and its soil. Typical for rural Iceland are the isolated valley farms against mountains. Cultivated grassland stretches

46、 out from the buildings They mainly raise sheep and cattle In spring, flocks of sheep are driven to mountain grassland and allowed to wander freely over the summer. When autumn puts its first mark on the mountains, the sheep are rounded up and driven down.As in all countries where winter and darknes

47、s take up most of the year, the center of life is the home. The houses of Iceland were once built of wood, but now cement（水泥）is used in towns and stones in the countryside. During the long winters the Icelanders rarely go out of the house When they must go out, they put raincoats over their heavy wo

48、olen overcoats and furs to keep out the damp1. What can we learn about the Icelanders from Paragraph 1? BA. They like friendly foreignersB. They take pride in their own countryC. They are satisfied with their large population.D. They are proud of their original country, Denmark解析:细节理解题。由第一段第一句“Peopl

49、e who live in Iceland are proud of their country and their origin：可知，冰岛国民以自己的国家 和国家的起源而自豪。2. What do most Icelanders live on? AA.FarmingB.Sheep and cattleCCultivated grasslandD.Plants near the mountains.解析:细节理解题。由第二段第二句“Most of them earn their living by farming可知，大部分的冰岛居民以农业为生。3. What can we learn f

50、rom the last two paragraphs? AA. Iceland is cold and dampB. The houses are built of wood nowadaysC. The Icelanders like to live in the center of their housesD. Different kinds of animals can be seen on the mountains.解析:推理判断题。倒数第二段介绍了羊群在春天、夏天、秋天三 个季节的活动情况，最后一段介绍了冰岛的冬天，由During the long winters the Ice

51、landers rarely go out of the house.When they must go out,they put raincoats over their heavy woolen overcoats and furs to keep out the damp.”可知，冰岛是寒冷且潮湿的。4.It can be inferred from the passage that the best time in Icelandis DA.winter and springB.summer and autumnC.autumn and winterD.spring and summe

52、r解析:推理判断题。倒数第二段介绍了春天时，羊群被赶到山上的 草地;夏天时，羊群可以自由走动;秋天时它们被赶到山下;最后一段 介绍了冰岛寒冷潮湿的冬天。由此推断，春天和夏天是冰岛一年中 最好的季节。5.What is the passage mainly about? DA.The history of Iceland.B.The rich life in IcelandC.The development of Iceland. D.The special way of life in Iceland 解析:主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了冰岛的一些特殊的生活方式。Passage 6（2018 广东

53、，C）Creativity is the process of taking an idea and applying it in real life. If we arent creative, we cant think outside the box and question what we can do.Asking questions is a good way of sparking creativityFirst, we can ask learners questions that have more than one possible answe匚 In science:cH

54、ow many ways can you find to empty a glass of water without touching it?In any subject:What else would you like to know?How do you know that is true?Is there another way of doing this?Second, we can encourage learners to invent their own questions We can do this for a topic that students are familia

55、r with in their study. Firstly, discuss what makes a good question. Secondly, create questions by grouping questions into different typesopen,closed,or one that challenges the imagination. Finally, put those questions in order according to their importanceOur teachers encourage us to ask questions a

56、nd not accept the standard answers without reasoning（推理）Our school has some activities annually to inspire creativity in every student. Our teachers encourage us to be creative and think of solutions for real-world problem On the whole, the freedom of being allowed to be ourselves is what brings out

57、 the best in our creativity1. What does the underlined word4sparking5mean in the second paragraph? CA. Questioning B.Knowing C.CausingD.Learning.解析:词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“If we arent creative, we can% think outside the box and question what we can do.可知，画线单词所 在句意为:问问题是激发创造力的一个好方法。spark与C项 cause “引起;导致意思接近。2. The third paragraph is developed by D .A. telling factsB.showing evidenceC.expressing an opinionD.giving some examples解析:推理判断题。第三段中作者针对科学和其他学科用举例的方 法来告诉读者如何提问题，提什么样的问题。3. How many ways does the author mention in inventing questions? BA.Two. B.Three.C.Four. D.Five.解析:细节理解题。根据第四段的FirstlySecondlyF