美联储(英文)PPT课件

1、2021/7/231Federal Reserve System 美联储2021/7/232CONTENTS2021/7/233The establishment of FedpIn 1913,Congress passed the Federal Reserve Act.Itpwas signed by President Wooddrow Wilson on 23 December of the same year .Its purpose ,as stated in the act itself was to provide for the establishment of Federa

2、l reserve banks to furnish an elastic(灵活的) currency ,to afford means of rediscounting commercial paper ,to establish a more effective supervision(监督) of banking in the United states ,and for other purpose.2021/7/234The Structure of Fed pThe Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System(联邦储备委员会）pT

3、he Federal Open Market Committee (联邦公开市场委员会)pFederal Reserve Banks(联邦储备银行)pBoard of Directors(董事会)2021/7/235The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve SystempThe System consists of a seven member Board of G o v e r n o r s w i t h h e a d q u a r t e r s （ 总 部 ） i n Washington ,D.C.,and twelve Re

4、serve Banks located in major cities throughout the United States.The seven members are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate（参议院） to serve 14-year terms of office.The Board usually meets several times a week .Meetings are conduted in compliance with the Government in the Sunshine Ac

5、t,and many meetings are open to public . 2021/7/236The Federal Open Maarket CommitteepThe Federal Open Maarket Committee is the most important monetary（货币） policymaking body of the Federal Reserve System.It is responsible for formulation（规划） of a policy designed to promote economic growth,full emplo

6、yment,stable prices,and a sustainable（足可支撑的） pattern of international trade and payments.The Committee makes key decisions regarding the conduct of open market operations purchases and sales of U.S.government and federal agency securities-which affect the provision of reserves to depository（存托） inst

7、itutions（机构） and,in turn,the cost and anailability of money and credit in the U.S.2021/7/237Federal Reserve BankspFederal Reserve Banks were edstablished by Congress as the operating arms of the nations central banking system.Many of the services provided by this network to depository institutions a

8、nd the government are similar to services provided by banks and thrift institutions to business customers and individuals.Reserve Banks hold the cash reserves of depository institutions and make loans to them. They move currency and coin into and out of circulation, and collect and process millions

9、of checks each day. 2021/7/238The map shows locations of the Reserve Banks and their Branches2021/7/239Board of DirectorsBoard of DirectorsClass AMember BanksClass Blocal BusinessClass CFederal Reserve Board2021/7/2310Board of DirectorspReserve Bank boards directors are divided into three classes of three persons each.Class A directors repersent the member commercial banks in the District,and most are bankers.Class B and Class C directors are selected to repersent the public,with due consideration ,commerce,to the interests of agriculture,industry,services,labor,and consume