人教版英语选择性必修一：4.3 Learning about language 练习（解析版）

1、2020-2021学年高中英语新教材同步备课（人教版选择性必修第一册）Unit 4 Body languagePeriod 3 Learning about language课后练习（解析版）第一部分:用动词的适当形式填空，每题2分，共计20分。1. At present, _(face) the tough task of preventing imported cases and resurgence at home, China is making its efforts to overcome difficulties in developing economy and fightin

2、g against the pandemic.【答案】facing【解析】目前，面对预防输入性病例和国内疫情复发的艰巨任务，中国正在努力克服发展经济和抗击疫情中的困难。face面对，逻辑主语为“China”，中国面对，正在发生，主动，方式状语表示伴随的状态，face要变成-ing形式，facing2. (2019全国卷) Scientists have responded by _(note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements.【答案】noting【解析】科学家做出回应，指出说，饥饿的熊可能正在

3、人类居住区周围聚集。note的逻辑主语为科学家，科学家指出，为主动，与谓语动词同时发生，在宾语by后面作宾语，noting3. (2019全国卷) A 90yearold has been awarded “Woman Of The Year” for _(be) Britains oldest fulltime employeestill working 40 hours a week.【答案】being【解析】一位90岁的老人被授予“年度女士奖”，因为是英国最年长的全职员工，目前仍然每周工作40小时。be的逻辑主语是a 90-year-old，主动，与谓语动词同时发生，being4. (2

4、019全国卷) When we got a call_ (say) she was shortlisted, we thought it was a joke.【答案】saying【解析】当我们接到一个电话，说她入围了，我们都以为是个玩笑。say的逻辑主语是a call，主动，与谓语动词got同时发生，作后置定语，saying5. (2019全国卷) On the last day of our weeklong stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore un

5、der the stars, _(listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.【答案】listening【解析】在最后一天，我们被邀请去参加一个私人音乐会，听音乐家们演奏，与有趣的当地人见面。listen的逻辑主语为we，主动，并列连词and连接listening 和meeting，作方式状语，表示伴随的状态。6. (2018全国卷) You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of _(die) early by running.【答案】dying【解

6、析】你可能喝酒抽烟超重，而且通过跑步减少早死的风险。die的逻辑主语为you,主动，在介词of后面作宾语，dying7. (2017全国卷) Fast food is full of fat and salt; by _(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.【答案】eating【解析】快餐高盐高油，通过吃更多的快餐，人们会摄取超过需要的盐和脂肪。eat的逻辑主语为people，主动，与谓语动词get同时发生，在介词by后作宾语，eating8. (2017江苏卷)

7、Many Chinese brands,_( develop) their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market.【答案】having developed【解析】很多中国品牌，历经百年打造自己的声誉，正面临来自现代市场的挑战。develop 的逻辑主语为many Chinese brands，与逻辑主语为主动关系，在谓语动词are facing之前发生，-ing形式的完成式，having developed9. (2019江苏卷) A city is the product of

8、 the human hand and mind, _( reflect )mans intelligence and creativity.【答案】reflecting【解析】一座城市是人类手和脑的产物，反应了人类的智慧和创造力。reflect的逻辑主语为a city,与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，与谓语动词is同时发生，reflecting10. (北京卷) Last night, there were millions of people_(watch) the opening ceremony live on TV.【答案】watching【解析】昨晚，有数以百万计的人们在电视上观看了开幕

9、式直播。watch的逻辑主语为people, 和逻辑主语之间为主动关系，与谓语动词同时发生，作后置定语，watching11. He got wellprepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk _(lose) the good opportunity.【答案】losing【解析】他为面试做了充分的准备，因为他不能冒险失去这个好机会。lose的逻辑主语为he,与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，与谓语动词同时发生，在risk后面作宾语，risking12. (江西卷) _(finish) her project with distinction,

10、 she was invited by the school to speak to the new students. 【答案】Having finished【解析】以优异的成绩完成这个项目，她被学校邀请给新生讲话。finish的逻辑主语为she,与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，在谓语动词之前发生，having finished13. (2018北京卷) _(travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.【答案】Traveling【解析】延丝绸之路旅行是有趣而且有收获的经历。动词的-ing形式做

11、主语，traveling14. (2020湖北五校期中联考) Past studies have shown a link between sleeping less and weighing more, but scientists have had difficulty _(determine) “which came first, the chicken or the egg？” says Julie Lumeng of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor.【答案】determining【解析】过去的研究表明在睡得少和长得胖之间有联系，但是科学

12、家们很难确定到底是鸡生蛋还是蛋生鸡。Have difficulty doing sth，determining15. (2020安徽江淮十校联考)Actually, it is quite normal for the average person _(live) in a city to see thousands of ads every single day.【答案】living【解析】实际上，对于一个住在城里的普通人每天见到成千上万的广告是再正常不过的。live的逻辑主语是the average people，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，living16. (2020浏阳六校联考) Tr

13、aditional Chinese wedding customs may vary from place to place and time to time, but have been holding an important position in the lives of Chinese people, _(cause) a farreaching impact on the way the Chinese lead their lives.【答案】causing【解析】传统的中国婚礼因人因地而不同，但是在中国人的生活中占有重要地位，对中国人的生活方式产生了深远的影响。cause的逻辑

14、主语是Chinese wedding customs，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，与谓语动词vary和have been holding.同时发生，作目的状语，causing 17. I cant have you_(get) away with telling lies.【答案】getting【解析】我绝不允许你撒谎而不受到惩罚。不允许做某事，cant/dont have sb doing sth18. _(not know) his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait.【答案】Not knowing【解析】不知道他的地址

15、，我只好在家里等着。Not know 的逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，与谓语动词同时发生，非谓语的否定式放在非谓语动词的前面，Not knowing19. _(not study) his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 【答案】Not having studied【解析】因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。not study的逻辑主语为he,与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，在谓语动词之前发生，否定词放在非谓语动词的前面，Not having studied20. _(show) the lab, we were taken t

16、o see the school library. 【答案】Having been shown【解析】在被带去看了实验室之后，我们又被带去参观校图书馆。show的逻辑主语是we，与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，在谓语动词之前发生，Having been shown第二部分：单项填空（共20小题；每小题2分，共40分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.European football is played in 80 countries, _it the most popular sport in the world A. making B. makes C. m

17、ade D. to make【答案】A【解析】动词的-ing形式表示结果，making2.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _it more difficult.A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. dont make【答案】B【解析】新技术的目的是是生活更便捷，而不是让生活更困难。动词不定式表示目的，not to make3.When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the doctor, _Sorry to mi

18、ss you; will call later.A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading【答案】D【解析】当我到家时，看到门上钉着一个便条，上面说“对不起没见到你，请给我打电话”read的逻辑主语是the passage, 与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，reading4. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _in my new job.A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects【答案】B【解析】我以前与孩子们一起工作过，因此我知道在新工

19、作中期待的是什么。expect的逻辑主语是I，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，将要发生，动词不定式，to expect5. A computer does only what thinking people _.A. have it do B. have it done C. have done it D. having it done【答案】A【解析】电脑只能做会思考的人类让它做的事情。do的逻辑主语是it, 与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，have使得，have sb do.6. Cleaning woman in big cities usually get _by the hour.A. pay

20、B. paying C. paid D. to pay【答案】C【解析】大城市中的清洁女工通常是按小时付费。get paid7. He sent me an e-mail, _to get further information.A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope【答案】B【解析】他发给我一份邮件，希望能获得更多信息。hope的逻辑主语为he, 与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，与谓语动词同时发生，hoping8. The _boy was last seen _near the East Lake.A. missing, playing B. missing,

21、 play C missed, played D missed, to play【答案】A【解析】失踪的男孩最后被看到在东湖附近玩。失踪的，missing，看到某人正在做某事，see sb doing sth.9. Tony was very unhappy for _ to the party.A. having not been invited B. not having invitedB. having not invited D not having been invited【答案】D【解析】Tony因为没有收到邀请而不开心。Invite的逻辑主语为Tony,与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，

22、在谓语动词之前发生，否定词放在最前面，not having been invited10. He claimed _in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.A. being badly treated B. treating badlyC. to be treated badly D. to have been badly treated【答案】D【解析】他声称昨天在超市购物时他受到了不好的对待。treat的逻辑主语为he,与逻辑主语至今是被动关系，在谓语动词之前发生， to have been badly treated

23、11. She asked me to help her, _that she couldnt move the heavy suitcase alone.A. only to realize B. realizing C. having been realized D. realized【答案】B【解析】她让我帮她，意识到她自己搬不动那么重的箱子。realize的逻辑主语为she ,与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，与谓语动词同时发生，realizing12. Let me tell you something about the journalists. Dont you remember _me

24、 the story yesterday?A. told B. telling C .to tell D. to have told【答案】B【解析】记得做过某事，remember doing.13. _a reply he decided to write again.A.Not receiving B. ReceivingC. Not having received D. Having not received【答案】C【解析】没有收到回复他决定再写一次信。receive的逻辑主语是he，与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，自谓语动词之前发生，否定词放在前面，Not having received1

25、4. Mum ,why do you always make me eat an egg every day? _enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be going【答案】C【解析】为了让你获得从租的蛋白质和营养，动词不定式表示目的，to get15. The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the_.A. 20 dollars remained B. 20 dollars to rem

26、ainC. remained 20 dollars D. remaining 20 dollars【答案】D【解析】这位女士说她会用剩下的20块钱给她的女儿买一件礼物。剩下的，remaining放在名词前，left放在名词后，剩下的20块钱：the remaining 20 dollars/the 20 dollars left16. Will those _the children from abroad come to the headmasters office?A. teaching B. teach C. who teaches D. who teaching【答案】A【解析】教外国

27、学生的老师要到校长办公室吗？主动，teaching/who teach17. _more time, hell make a first-class tennis player.A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given【答案】D【解析】如果被给与更多的时间，他会成为一名一流的网球选手。Give的逻辑主语是he，与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，只有D为被动关系。18. He went to American _some English as well as _.A. learning, to travel B. learning, travelingC

28、. to learn, travel D. to learn, to travel【答案】D【解析】他去美国，去学英语及旅游。动词不定式表示目的。19. “ Can you read ?” Mary said _to the notice.A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. and angrily pointing【答案】A【解析】你难道看不见吗？Mary生气地说，同时指着通知。point的逻辑主语为Mary，与逻辑主语之间为主动关系，与谓语动词同时发生。angrily pointing20. The w

29、alls of the rooms are said _white in no time.A. to be painted B. painted C. to paint D. having been painted【答案】A【解析】房间的墙据说不就就会粉刷。Paint的逻辑主语是the walls，与逻辑主语之间是被动关系，还没有发生，to be painted第三部分：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（每题1.5分，共15分）Few words 1. _ (speak) more often every day on the streets of Britai

30、n than “Im sorry”. This phrase has become such a common 2. _(respond) that it has taken on a lot of meanings.Sorry means to apologize. This is simple and easy to understand. But in Britain, it takes on another meaning. It is a 3. _(culture) expression. Imagine this: a man walks down the street, 4. _

31、 (look) down at his phone. A woman is walking in the opposite direction, toward the man. She sees him, but she cant get out of the way in time. The man 5. _ (knock) into the woman. Naturally, the man should say sorry, because it was he who wasnt looking 6. _ he was going. Yet in Britain, it is commo

32、n 7. _ both to apologize.Other times 8. _ may sound funny to hear “sorry”. Some of my friends say it at restaurants, as they ask the waiter: “Sorry, but can I order another drink?” It is not to apologize, 9. _ just to express that we need the waiter.In Britain, sorry doesnt always mean 10. _ (exact) what you think.【答案】1.are spoken 2.response 3.cultural 4.looking 5.knocks6.where7.for8.it9.but10.exactly阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（每题1.5分，共15分）Many of us have our own ways to make us fee