最新英语中考考点归纳(超全面、实用)

1、 中考复习资料一、 冠词 （一）不定冠词a, an的用法区别 European country eight-year-old boy one-hundred-word composition uniform unusual story umbrella university Mp4 orange honest boy hour elephant interesting book old man engineer Asian country African NBA star excellent student unhealthy habit unfriendly man apple astron

2、aut excellent player总结：1）在26个字母中，前面用an的字母有：a，e，f，h，i，l，m，n，o，r，s，x，其他用a。There is _ “h” in the word “school”.There is also _ “l” in the word “school”.There is _ “c” in the word “school”, too.2）发辅音的元音字母：u ju: （二）定冠词the的用法：来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。1特指双方都明白的人或物。Open the door. 把门打开。2上文提到过的人或事。He bought a house. I

3、ve been to the house.他买了幢房子。我去过那幢房子。3指世上独一无二的事物或用于对两个人或事物比较时起特指作用的比较级前。the sun, the sky, the moon, the earth He is the taller of the two boys.两个男孩中他较高点。4与单数名词连用表示一类事物，如：the dollar“美元”；或与形容词或分词连用表示一类人，如：the rich“富人”；the young“年轻人”。5用在序数词和形容词最高级及形容词only, very, same 等前面。Where do you live？I live on the

4、second floor.你住在哪？我住在二层。Thats the very thing Ive been looking for.那正是我要找的东西。6与复数名词连用，指整个群体。They are the teachers of this school.(指全体教师)他们是这个学校的全体老师。They are teachers of this school.(指部分教师)他们是这个学校的老师。7表示所有，相当于物主代词，用在表示身体部位的名词前。She caught me by the arm.她抓住了我的手臂。8用在某些由普通名词构成的国家名称、机关团体、阶级等专有名词前。the Peop

5、les Republic of China 中华人民共和国 the United States 美国 the USA9用在表示西洋乐器的名词之前，但中国乐器前不加the。play the piano 弹钢琴 play erhu 拉二胡10用在姓氏的复数名词之前，表示“一家人”或“夫妇二人”。the Greens 格林一家人(或格林夫妇)11用在惯用语中。in the morning/afternoon/evening，in the end，by the way，at the age of，at the moment等。12用于方向名词或表示江河、山脉、海峡等专有地理名称前。in the sou

6、theast of，at the back of，the Red Sea13用在逢十的复数名词前，表示年代，也指人的大约岁数。The young girl is in the twenties.=The young girl is in her twenties.这个年轻的女孩大约二十几岁。The war broke out in the forties.这场战争发生在40年代。（三）不用冠词的情况1在专有名词前不加冠词，如国名、省名、城市名、街名、公园名等。Sanya is in Hainan Province. 三亚在海南省。We live in China. 我们住在中国。2一日三餐、球

7、类运动和学科前不加冠词。He went to school without breakfast this morning. 早上他没吃早饭就去上学了。They like playing football after school. 他们喜欢放学后踢足球。I like English very much. 我非常喜欢英语。3表示节日、季节、星期、月份的名词前不加冠词，但若特指某年的某月、某季节，则需要在月份、季节前加the。Today is Friday /July 14th. 今天是星期五/7月14日。It is summer now. 现在是夏天。Yesterday was March 8t

8、h，Womens Day. 昨天是3月8日妇女节。4表示称呼或头衔的名词前，不加冠词。This is Professor Wang. 这是王教授。He is captain of the team. 他是队长。5在有物主代词、不定代词、指示代词等作定语的名词前，不用冠词。His birthday is September 8th. 他的生日是9月8日。How much are these shoes? 这些鞋多少钱？6不可数名词前一般不用冠词。Which does he like better, fish or chicken?他更喜欢哪一个，鱼还是鸡？7泛指的复数名词前不用冠词。Animal

9、s live in the forest. 动物生活在树林里。8与by连用的交通工具前不用冠词，但与take或介词连用时，名词前要加冠词。They often go to school by bus. 他们通常做公共汽车去上学。take a bus，in a boat，on the bike9在某些固定的词组或习语中，不用冠词。face to face，watch TV，step by step，at first/last, in trouble/danger，on/in time，go to school/work，at noon/night二、名词把下列名词变成复数形式。1、orange

10、2、class 3、monkey 4、piano 5、child 6、shelf 7、bed 8、country 9、family 10、toy 11、foot 12、radio 13、photo 14、tomato 15、woman 16、knife 17、sheep 18、ship 19、dish 20、mouse 21、tooth 22、leaf_ 23. Chinese 24.German 25. Frenchman 26. man doctor 27. apple tree 29. hero 30. toothbrush 31. passer-by 考点：1. 可数名词非单既复 (即

11、 a/ an+ 单数名词 或以复数形式出现)2. one of+ 名词的复数形式 (one of后常与最高级连用，但谓语动词为单数形式)One of my friends likes playing volleyball.三、代词1. 人称代词：主格、宾格Mr. Wang teaches (we) English.2. 物主代词Our classroom is as big as _ _(they) . （比较的东西必须是相同性质）This is a friend of _ _(my).3. 反身代词记忆小窍门:反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self,复数ves来把f替

12、。反身代词的常用搭配: enjoy oneself hurt oneself teach oneself = learnby oneself help yourself / yourselves to look after oneself lose oneself in dress oneself4. 指示代词that those 常用来代替前面出现的人或物,以避免重复. that代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词. those 代替复数名词.The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _ in Qinghai .The books in that shop a

13、re cheaper than _in this shop.5.不定代词不指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫不定代词。它们多数在句中都可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。1.one与it 的区别 one 代替同类事物中的一种,而it代替上文中出现的某事物. This book is a good one. May I borrow it? one可指人亦可指物，在句中作主语、宾语或定语。复数形式为ones，所有格形式为ones，反身代词形式为oneself。2.some与any 的区别 一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定,疑问句,条件句中,但在表建议的疑问句中,仍用some 代any,常用于co

14、uld / would / may 开头或what about /how about . 的句中。 May I have some water? He asked me for some paper, but I didnt have any.3.many与much的区别 many+可数名词的复数 much+不可数名词 都相当于 a lot of +复数名词/不可数名词 注:a lot of 不能用于否定句中. 否定句中用many /much .4.a few /few /a little /little 的区别表否定(几乎没有)表肯定(有一点/几个)修饰可数名词fewa few修饰不可数名词

15、littlea littleThe story is easy to read. There are _ new words in it. Hurry up! There is _ time left.5.each / every 的区别 each 表示两者或两者以上的人或物中的每一个，而every 表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一个。 There are trees and flowers on _ side of the street. _ student has read a story .注:each 可以与of 连用, each of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数，而every 不能与

16、of 连用，只能放在名词前作定语. Each of us _(study )hard.5. no one 与none 的区别no one 表示没有人, 不能与of 连用. 而none of +复数名词/ 代词，作主语时，谓语常用单数。. The boys were all tired, but _ of them stopped to have a rest.7.both /neither /either /all / none / any 的区别都都不任何一个两者之间bothneithereither三者或三者以上allnoneanyThere are many trees on _ sid

17、e of the river . A. both B.any C.either D.all 注: 1)both 的否定词是neither , all的否定词是none2)both of 作主语时,谓语动词用复数. neither of作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.Neither of the answers _(be) right .Both of my parents _(be) workers. 3)词组 A) both and 连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数,同义词组:not only but also 反义词组: neither nor Not only you but also she

18、 likes watching TV.= _ you _ she like watching TV .= You like watching TV ._ _ she .B) either or 或者或者 , neithernor 既不也不 连接两个主语时,谓语动词实行就近原则Neither you nor he _ (be ) right .One of Lily and Lucy is going to the park. = _ Lily _Lucy _ going to the park.C) either 也可用于否定句中的 “也”D) neither 也可表示 “ 也不” 句型: n

19、either /nor+助动词/be/情态动词+ sb. 某人也不怎么样 If you dont go there , _ _ I . (我也不去)4) how many /how much 的回答:用none回答 Who 的回答:用no one 回答 What 的回答:用nothing 回答 1）How many students are there in the classroom ? _. 2）Who can answer the question ? _. A. None B. No one C. Nothing 8.other /the other /others /the othe

20、rs 的区别(空)后面没有名词(空)后面有名词有数量限制(特指)the othersthe other没有数量限制(泛指)othersother 注：1) one the other 表示两者之间的一个另一个 2) some others 表示一些 一些3) another 表示三者以上的不确定数目中的另一个，只能修饰可数名词的单数.但 another +数字+ 复数名词= 数字+ more +复数名词 表示 “ 另外几个” Would you like _ apple? I have two brothers, one is a teacher, _ is a worker. Some ar

21、e cleaning the classroom, _ are sweeping the window. There are 20 teachers in our school. Eight of them are men teachers, and _ are women teachers.9. everyone和every one的区别everyone 每个，人人，大家不与of 连用every one每个人、物可与of 连用Every one of us has seen the film. Everyone should do their best.10.复合不定代词.someany n

22、oeverythingsomethinganythingnothingeverythingonesomeoneanyoneno oneeveryonebodysomebodyanybodynobodyeverybody注: 1.复合不定代词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.2.形容词修饰不定代词时, 形容词放在不定代词之后. something important注：enough 用法：enough+名词 形容词、副词+enough3.动词不定式修饰不定代词时, 动词不定式放在不定代词之后.4.any ,anything ,anyone, anybody 也可用于肯定句中,表示 “任何/任何物/任何

23、人”Everything _(begin ) to grow in spring.Is there _(一些有趣的事)in todays newspaper ?I want something _ (eat ).四、数词序数词表示顺序的词基数词转为序数词的口诀：基变序，有规律，词尾加上-th.一，二，三，特殊记，词尾字母t,d,d.八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。ty将y变成i，th前面有个e.若是碰到几十几，前基后序就可以。注：1）次数的表达：once，twice，three times 频率表达：once a week2）hundred、thousand、million、billion前面

24、如果有具体的数字，则不能加-s，也不能用of分数分数词是以基数词和序数词合成的，基数词代表分子，序数词代表分母，分子大于“1”时，分母用复数。如：1/4 2/3 有些分数词也有另外的表示法：1/2 a/ one half 1/4 a/ one quarter3/4 three quarters注：分数和百分数作主语时，关键是看其后的名词来决定其谓语动词的数。表编号：第一部分the first part/part one倍数表示法：1)主+谓+倍数(或分数)+ as + adj. (+ n.) + asI have three times as many as you.2)主+谓+倍数(分数)+

25、 the+ n. (size ,weight，length) of The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.地球是月球的49倍。3) 主+谓+倍数(分数)+ 形容词(副词)比较级+ thanThe grain output is 8 percent higher (high) this year than that of last year.今年比去年粮食产量增加8%人口的表达Whats the population of? 注：人口的多与少用：large（big）或small五、动词（一）系动词：（系动词+形容词） be (am/is/are/w

26、as/were)系动词 感官v.(feel, look, sound, taste品尝，smell闻、嗅) 四变化(turn/become/go/ get) 注：turn侧指颜色变化 keep, make（二）情态动词：1）后加动词原形，注意：Must I ？句式的回答 肯定回答可用must，否定用neednt或dont have to ，切记：mustnt 表禁止2）dare的用法dare to do sth. / dont dare to do (实意动词)dare do/ dare not do （情态动词）3）can的用法：表示怀疑、不确定或猜想的情况,多用于疑问或否定句中。 Can

27、it be true? He cant be at school, because I met him just now.（三）动词的时态1. 一般现在时（注意动词的单三形式）2. 一般过去时 （注意不规则动词的过去式）3. 过去进行时4. 现在完成时1）结构：have/ has +过去分词2）短暂性动词与延续性动词转换：（用How long来提问的句子，延续性时间的出现）borrowkeep, diebe dead, buyhave, come tobe in/at, becomebe , go outbe out, begin/ start be on, catch a coldhave

28、a cold, get to knowknow ,joinbe a member of/ be in , put onwear, fall asleepbe asleep, leavebe away from等。3）already、yet区别4）has/ have gone to has/ have been to has/ have been in区别5)时间标志：for+一段时间；since+过去的某个时间点/一般过去时的句子；since+一段时间+agoso far，in recent years，recently，in the past few（或two） years6）注意现在完成时

29、与一般过去时的区别Jack, _ you _ your homework yet?Yes, I _ it two hours ago.A. Did; do; finished B. Have; done; have finished C. Have; done; finished D. Will; do; finish7) 易忘不规则动词的四种形式（依次为：原形 意思 过去式 过去分词 现在分词）bear 忍受 bore borne bearing beat 击打 beat beaten beatingbreak 断开 broke broken breaking bring 带来 brough

30、t brought bringingbuy 买 bought bought buying catch 抓住 caught caught catchingchoose 选择 chose chosen choosing deal 处理 dealt dealt dealingcost 花费 cost cost costing draw 画 drew drawn drawingdrink 喝 drank drunk drinking drive 驾车 drove driven drivingeat 吃 ate eaten eating fall 落下 fell fallen falling feed

31、喂 fed fed feeding feel 感觉 felt felt feeling fight 打架 fought fought fighting fly 飞 flew flown flyinghang 挂 hung hung hanging hang 吊死 hanged hanged hanginghide 隐藏 hid hidden hiding lay 放置 laid laid layinglie 躺下 lay lain lying lie 撒谎 lied lied lyingrise 升起 rose risen rising shake 摇晃 shook shaken shakin

32、gsleep 睡觉 slept slept sleeping spread 散布 spread spread spreadingsteal 偷窃 stole stolen stealing stick 粘贴 stuck stuck stickingteach 教 taught taught teaching wake 醒来 woke woken wakingwear 穿着 wore worn wearingwrite 写 wrote written writing5. 现在进行时（be+ v.-ing）（四）动词的语态1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：is / am / are + 及物动词的过

33、去分词 2. 一般过去时的被动语态构成：was / were + 及物动词的过去分词 3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：will be + 及物动词的过去分词4. 含有情态动词的被动语态构成：情态动词+ be + 及物动词的过去分词 形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 1单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成情况构成方式原级比较级最高级一般情况加-er或-estnewlongnewerlongernewestlongest以e 结尾的词加-r或-stfinelatefinerlaterfinestlatest以“辅音+y” 结尾的词变y为i再加-er 或-estearlyhappyearlier

34、happierearliesthappiest重读闭音节的词末尾只有一个辅音字母先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-esthotthinfathotterthinnerfatterhottestthinnestfattest2 多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加more或 most。如： 原级 比较级 最高级 useful more useful most useful difficult more difficult most difficult delicious more delicious most delicious3有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化。 原级 比较级 最高级 goo

35、d/well better best bad/ill worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther farthest old older oldest4. even、much、a little常用来修饰比较级5. The +比较级，the+比较级句型The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you make.6. 原级比较：as + 形容词或副词原级 + as 否定：not as/ soas7.最高级1） the + 最高级 + 比较范围 Tom is the tall

36、est boy in my class.注：the+比较级，表示两者当中比较样的Tom is the taller of the two boys.2）序数词通常修饰最高级。例如：Africa is the second largest continent.非洲是第二大洲。3）最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来Lucy is the most beautiful in her class. =Lucy is more beautiful than any other student in her class.8.副词的用法 副词的变化：gentle- heavy- good- 介词1)on表

37、示“在具体某一天或某天的上、下午、晚上”。如：on Monday在星期一 on April 1st在四月一日 on a cold morning 在一个寒冷的早晨 on the night of December 8, 1992 2)in表示“在某月、季节、年、世纪”以及泛指的上、下午、晚上。in September 在九月 in winter在冬季in 1999 在1999年 in the 20th century在20世纪in the 1980s 在20世纪80年代in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上3）arrive in/ at 到达 （i

38、n后加大地方， at 后加小地方）到达：get to/ reach4）在树上：on the tree（数本身的） / in the tree（非树本身的）5） at+具体时刻 at 12 oclockat night 在晚上感叹句how和what的区别感叹句中常考的不可数名词：weather、news、fun、advice、information, luck, work宾语从句时态、语序、引导词定语从句引导词：that、which、who、whom、whose1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情况：(1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everythin

39、g, anything 等不定代词时。例如： All that he said is true. (2) 先行词被only, last, no, any, all等词修饰时。例如： He is the only foreigner that has been to that place. (3) 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：He was the second (person) that told me the secret.(4) 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。This is the best book (that) I have read this year.(5

40、) 先行词既有人又有物时。例如：He talked about the people and the things that he remembered.(6) 当先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时。如：Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythegate?站在门口的那个人是谁？2. 只能用which，不用that 的情况：(1) 在非限制性定语从中。例如： The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.限制性定语从句：TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonth

41、atIcoulddependon.老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。非限制性定语从句：Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。(2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。例如： The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.状语从句（主将从现）原因状语从句：because时间状语从句：as soon as，when，while，notuntil, once条件状语从句：if，as long as，unless结果状语从句：s

42、othat, suchthat目的状语从句：so that，in order that (区别in order to)连词or，and，but，while，so，although（though）主谓一致就近原则:not onlybut also, neithernor, either or就远原则：with, together with, along with, as well as, except, including注意：bothand 谓语动词为复数形式词性辨析noise，noisy，noisilysuccess，succeed，successful，successfullycare，c

43、areful，carefully，careless, carelesslydie，died，dead，deathsafe，safety，safelynorth，northern（复习：方位介词on，in，to）possible，possibly，impossiblepronounce ， pronunciationGerman, Germanyforeign , foreignerto doing结构stick to doing make a contribution/ contributions to doing get/be used to doing look forward to doingpay attention to doing prefer doing to doing动词的搭配：practice doing finish doingbe worth doing consider doinghave t