英语写作---遣词造句

1、（一）：遣词造句【芝麻开门】句子是文章的基本单位。成功的作品是由清晰而合乎语法规则的句子组成的。然而一个好的句子除了能够准确表达作者的意思，还需要简洁生动，这是在考试中获得高分的法宝。一、句子要简洁A hero is nothing but a product of his time. 时势造英雄。 写作要求精练，因为，简洁的表达能起到更加强调的作用。我们要写出效果好、影响大的文章，就要想方设法1）避免使用空洞、多余的短语；2）避免过多地使用较长的句子结构，如并列句和从属句等；3）避免不必要的重复。改写下面的句子1）Owing to the fact that I had a lot of w

2、ork to do, it wasnt possible for me to accept their invitation._2) He is a man who is honest, who always pays his just debts, and who observes the golden rules in his dealings with others._3) My hometown is a quiet, peaceful place. It is quiet and peaceful because of the small number of people livin

3、g there._二、语言要生动写作时要吸引读者的兴趣，句子就需生动、充满活力。平淡无味的句子会使人生厌，注意力分散。但要写出生动的句子就必须注意做到：1.交错使用长短句长句和短句各有各的特点，各有各的用场。长句结构复杂、容量大，能表达比较复杂的内容，叙事具体、说理严密。短句结构简单、短小精悍、明白易懂。在写作中应当交错使用长句和短句，使句子的长短多样化，增加语言的表现力。请看下面的一段话：It is better to trust to valour than to luck. 靠运气不如靠勇气。改写I returned to my room. There was a note under

4、my door. It was from Bob. He said he was in the town looking for a job. He hadnt found anything yet. He added that he was sorry to have missed me._2.灵活使用多样句式要达到语言的生动性，写作时就要经常地变换句型和句子结构及表达思想的方式。切忌所有的句子都用相同的句型或句子结构，使文章读起来单调乏味。在考虑英语句式的变化时, 我们一般从以下几个方面入手:(1) 既可以用主动式也可以用被动式, 改为被动语态1：Today, we use machine

5、s not only in industry but in other sectors of national economy as well._2：Some people believe that it will be possible for automatic machines to replace completely in the future._ (2) 既可以用肯定式也可以用否定式, 1： I shall go there unless it rains. I shall go there if it _ rain.2：Their daily lives dont provide

6、 them with the exercise needed to keep them healthy.Their daily lives_ _ provide them with the exercise needed to keep them healthy.(3) 某些修饰成分既可以用在句子前面也可以用在后面, 还可以用在中间, 1：With a car, people can get around freely. =People can get around freely with a car.2：In fact, speaking is one of the most importa

7、nt means of communication.Speaking is in fact one of the most important means of communication.(4) 既可以是正常语序也可以是倒装语序.改为倒装语序1：A new type of TV sets was among the products on display._2：We did not realize the problem of energy crisis until the end of last century._ (5) 既可以用简单句也可以用并列句或者主从复合句, 1：Nowadays

8、 a lot of people work in office and they spend most of their time indoors.Nowadays a lot of people work in office, _ (spend )most of their time indoors.2：There are many means of getting information and they enable us to keep up with what is going on in the world.There are many means of getting infor

9、mation _ enable us to keep up with what is going on in the world.3：Doonesbury cartoons satirize contemporary politics. The victims of political corruption pay no attention. They prefer to demand that newspapers not carry the strip.Doonesbury cartoons laugh at contemporary politics, _ the victims of

10、political corruption pay no attention _ prefer to demand that newspapers not carry the strip.4：The campus parking problem is getting worse. The university is not building any new garages.The campus parking problem is getting worse _ the university is not building any new garages.3.善用形象化语言适当地使用一些修辞手法

11、如比喻、夸张、排比、拟人等能更形象、更深刻地说明事理，增加文章的活力。In the morning the dust hung like fog, and the sun was as red as ripe new blood. (明喻)His daughter is the apple of his eyes. (暗喻)An idea spoke within him, racing through his mind. (拟人)His voice was loud enough to wake the dead. (夸张)Many of us allow our children to e

12、at junk, watch junk, listen to junk, talk junk, play with junk, and then we are surprised when they turn out to be social junkies. (排比)4.恰当使用英语习语 写作时适当地使用习语、成语等也是使语言生动活泼的好办法。对比下列句子1. Once a man is dead, there is no helping; you cant rekindle the spark of life in him.Once a man is dead, he cant be br

13、ought back to life.2. The committee refused to listen to our request. The committee turned a deaf ear to our request. 请修改下面的短文增加句式的多样化以便使其生动、流畅。We are terrified of death. We do not think of it, and we dont speak of life. We dont mourn in public. We dont know how to console a grieving friend. In fact

14、, we have eliminated or suppressed all the traditional rituals surrounding death.The Victorians coped with death differently. Their funerals were elaborate. The yards of black crepe around the hearse, hired professional mourners, and its solemn procession to an ornate tomb is now a distant memory. T

15、hey wore mourning jewelry. They had a complicated dress code for the grieving process. The rituals severed a psychological purpose in helping the living deal with loss.【友情提示】句式多样化是英语作文取得高分的灵丹妙药，请你一定要勤学苦练，掌握这一招。另外，在使用一些修辞方法和英语习语的时候，要注意尽量避免老套的比喻或尽人皆知的习语。 遣词造句练习简单句基本句型1.这本书让孩子们读太难了.2.董事们选举约翰为银行经理.3.他发现

16、他们坐在桌旁下棋.4.老人凝望着照片,陷入了沉思.5.他查阅英汉词典以查明这个词确切的含义.并列句基本句型1.再努力一下,你肯定能考上重点大学.2.别再粗心了,否则你意识不到会犯同样的错误.3.天下着雨,因此野餐被延期.4.她以为我正谈论她的女儿,然而事实上我正在谈论我的女儿.5.他不仅冲洗汽车,而且又擦拭了它.名词性从句基本句型1.今年这所大学将招收更多的学生是真的.2.问题在于他是否在合同上签了字.3.他想当然地认为花费将会很低.4.你想她为什么突然大哭起来?5.无论谁做应该迅速做好.定语从句1.他不来北京的理由是下月他们将开科学大会.2.他完成工作的方式令我们吃惊.3.她又改变了主意,这

17、使我们大家都生气了.状语从句1.虽然他累了,但是他坚持工作.2.虽然他是位伟大的科学家,但是他仍保持谦虚而且在大学担任普通教师工作.3.如果你不想冒失败的危险,你可以试一试.4老师叫我们在有问题的地方打上记号.5.鸟飞得越高,我们就越看不清楚.各种句式的综合运用翻译1.就在教师节那天我送给英语老师一束花表示对她的尊敬.2.花了几个月时间修建了通往省城的道路.3.凭借录音机的帮助,我感到很容易改进我的语音.4.所有的学生都知道,人人都应该在校至少读九年直到初中毕业为止.5.我原先希望能准时到达,但是因为大雾飞行航班延误了.6.接受她的邀请吧,不然她会生气的.7.明天早晨早些出发,那么午饭前你肯定

18、能到城里.8.他说他宁可用一部分时间打工挣钱而不向朋友借.9.我的意见是我们应该弄清楚有利条件和不利条件.10.窃贼正要逃走时警察赶到了.1.She went home very late yesterday evening. 2.The meeting will last two hours. 3.Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years. 4.Things of this sort are happening all over the world every day. 5.The May Fou

19、rth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919. 6.This box weighs five kilos. 7.In autumn, some birds fly to the south. 8.My grandfather gets up early in the morning. 9.Every afternoon a lot of students come to the library to borrow books. 1.In winter, the days are short and the nights are long. 2.Mrs Br

20、own looks very healthy. 3.At the age of fifteen he became a famous pianist. 4.Her job is to look after the children in the nursery. 5.He is out of work. 6.The leaves have turned yellow. 7.The report sounds interesting.1.I wrote a letter last night. 2.They have carried out the plan successfully.3.You

21、 must finish reading these books in two weeks. 4.Jim cannot dress himself.5.All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy. 6.He did not know what to say.7.Do you mind my opening the window? 1.He pointed out（副） the mistakes in my composition. 2.On Christmas Day, we will call on（介）our foreign teachers.

22、 3.We cannot work out（副） the problem in five minutes. 4.They sang high praise for the deeds of the hero. 5.The nurse will take good care of your father. 6.You can depend on（介） him in your work. 7.After writing a composition, we must go over（介）it. 8.Take off your coat and put it on（副） before you leav

23、e. 9.We must send for（介） a doctor. 1.His parents named him John. 2.All of us considered him honest. 3.They pushed the door open. 4.We will make our school more beautiful. 5. I want you to tell me the truth. 6. Tomorrow Ill have someone repair the machine. 7.Every morning we hear him read English alo

24、ud. 8.The pain made him cry out. 9.We wont let her go out at night. 10.He has his hair cut once a month. 11.Ill get my recorder repaired. 12.The terrible sound made the children frightened. 13.She is listening to someone telling stories. 14.I have never seen the word used that way before. 15.He felt

25、 it very difficult to talk with you. 16. I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way. 17.The school made it a rule that the students should stand up when class begins. 18.I thought it no use talking with that man. 1.There isnt going to be a meeting tonight. 2.There was only a well

26、in the village. 3.There is a teacher of music and two teachers of art in the school. 4.Among the guests there were two Americans and two Frenchmen. 5.The weatherman says therell be a strong wind in the afternoon. 6.The light is on. There must be someone in the office. 7.There used to be a cinema her

27、e before the war. 8.There happened to be nobody in the room. 9.Once there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea. 10.There comes the bus. 11.In front of the cave, there stands(grows) a tall pine tree. 12.There goes the bell. 1.This book is rather too difficult for children. 2. The directors

28、elected John manager of the bank.3. He found them seated at the table, playing chess.4. The old man was deep in thought with his eyes fixed on the photo.5.He looked up the word in the English-Chinese dictionary to find out its exact meaning.6. Only in this way can you hope to improve the situation t

29、here.7. Its impossible for her to buy a car with cash.8. There goes the bell. Lets begin our class.9. We do have a school bus of our own.10.Be sure to set aside half an hour each day for oral practice.1.Another effort, and you are sure to enter a key university.2. Dont be careless again, or you wont

30、 be aware of making the same mistake.3. It was raining, therefore the picnic was postphoned.4.She thought I was talking about her daughter, while, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.5. Not only did he wash the car but he polished it.6. Xiao Ming must be at home, for the lights are still on.7.

31、It was raining heavily at nine yesterday morning, so we didnt go boating.8. I was wandering in the street when I caught sight of a tailors shop.9. Either she or you are right.1.That the college will take in more new students this year is true. / It is true that2. The question is whether he has signe

32、d the contract.3. He took it for granted that the expenses would be low.4.Why do you think she burst into tears?5. Whoever does it should do it well quickly.6. The reason why he kept silent was that he had failed.7. Word came that medical workers were badly needed at the front.8. I dont think that h

33、e will come this afternoon.9. Its important for us to form a good habit of studying.10. There is no doubt that English now is one of the worlds most widely used languages.1. The reason why he will not come to Beijing is that they will have a scientific conference next month.2. The way (that / in whi

34、ch) he finished the work surprised all of us.3. She changed her mind again, which made all of us angry.1.Tired as he was, he stuck to his work.2.Great scientist as he is, he remains modest and works as an ordinary teacher at college.3. If you dont want to run the risk of failure, you can have a try.

35、4. Our teacher told us to make a mark where we have questions.5. The higher the bird flies, the less clearly we can see it.6. He sat silently as though he was deep in thought.7. The girl learned to play the piano not because she liked to play it, but because her parents forced her to.1. It was on Te

36、achers Day that I sent my English teacher a bunch of flowers to show her my respect.2. It took several months to repair the road leading to the capital of the province.3. I feel it easy to improve my pronunciation with the help of a tape recorder.4.As is known to all the students, one should study a

37、t school for at least nine years till he graduates from a junior middle school.5. I had hoped to arrive on time, but the flight was delayed because of a heavy fog.6. Accept her invitation, or she will be offended.7. Start early tomorrow morning, and you are sure to reach the town before lunch-time.8

38、. He says he prefers making money by doing a part-time job to borrowing money from his friends.9. My opinion is that we should be clear about the advantages as well as the disadvantages.10. The thief was just about to escape when the police arrived.11. The top student got a very high score in the ex

39、am so that he was admitted by a famous university.12. Walking across the street, the old man fixed his eyes on the traffic lights.13. As the boy grew up, his parents became more and more disappointed with him.14. I never allow smoking in the meeting-room; anyone who wants to smoke will have to stay

40、away from the office building.15. Is this the first time that you have been so sick?16. We will stick to our research work even if nobody understands us at present.17. The two strangers are talking as if they had been friends for many years.18. Not until the fire was put out did the firemen leave th

41、e place.19. Anyone who has been to the countryside knows that what you mentioned couldnt have happened in the countryside of China.20. Not only is the boy much taller than before, but he has become a very good student as well.21.Most of the students working hard in our school are likely to enter good universities.22. The textbooks being printed will take the place of the ones used last year.23. They live in a big house, in front of which there is a garden.24. I think it necessary to buy a big English-Chinese dictionary.25. You must have lost som