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2021届高考英语3500词汇基础提升练含解析打包28套.zip
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2021届高考英语3500词汇(基础+提升)练09基础练(夯实基础)一、单词拼写(根据汉语或首字母提示写出单词的完全形式)1.what bad weather! im afraid the trip will be_(取消).if only it would clear up tomorrow.【答案】canceled【句意】“真是糟糕的天气!恐怕旅行要被取消了。”“要是明天能够放晴该多好啊。”2.you may rely on him in that he is_(能够)of_(计算)the consequences of such events accurately.【答案】capable, calculating【句意】你可以信赖他,因为他能准确地计算出这种事件的后果。3.moreandmoreoldpeoplehave_(资金)tiedupinahouse.【答案】capital【句意】越来越多老年人的资金全让房子给套牢了。4.against all odds, he succeeded in carving out a_(事业)in the media.【答案】career【句意】他冲破层层障碍,终于在传媒业中干出了一番事业。5.a powerful hurricane struck the town of america,_(造成)at least ten deaths.【答案】causing【句意】一场强烈的飓风袭击了美国小镇,造成至少十人死亡。6.shehadapurposefulair,anditbecameevidentthatthiswasnota_(随意的)visit.【答案】casual【句意】她一副无事不登三宝殿的神情,很明显,这不是一次随意造访。7.after our government launched a _(运动)to popularize chinese language worldwide, lots of confucius colleges have appeared in foreign universities.【答案】campaign【句意】我国政府在世界范围内发起一个推广中国语言运动,在国外大学已经出现了许多孔子学院。8.being offered the opportunity to speak at the graduation _(典礼)made me overjoyed.【答案】ceremony【句意】有机会在毕业典礼上发言使我欣喜若狂。9.after the operation you may find it difficult to_(咀嚼)and swallow.【答案】chew【句意】手术后你咀嚼和吞咽都会感到困难。10.would you please wait for a moment while i telephone the reception desk to_(查)?【答案】check【句意】请您稍等片刻,我给服务台打电话查一下好吗?11.if you like her, why dont you _after the girl? 【答案】chase【句意】如果你喜欢她,你为什么不追那个女孩子呢? 12.it is no use regretting not having studied harder.c_up and move on. as the saying goes, “better late than never.”【答案】cheer【句意】后悔以前没有努力学习没有用。振作起来向前看。有句俗语说的好“迟做总比不做好。”13.to c_jane on having passed the examination, we held a party to c_it.【答案】congratulate, celebrate【句意】为了祝贺珍妮通过考试,我们举行了一个聚会来庆祝这件事情。14.you will neverc_tolearnaslongasyoulive.【答案】cease【句意】活到老,学到老。15.will you go travelling with me this summer?im not sure. i may have totake c_of my grandma.【答案】care【句意】“今年夏天你和我一起去旅行么?”“不一定,我可能要照顾祖母。”16.jack ma insisted that there should be no excellent businessmen if everything went too smoothly and that theyc_on as normal in face of hardships.【答案】carried【句意】马云坚持认为,如果一切太过顺利,那就不会有优秀的商人,优秀的商人在困难面前照常工作。17.although a snowstorm is on the way, football fans are still looking forwardto not c_off the football match between the two teams.【答案】calling【句意】虽然一场暴风雪即将来临,但球迷们仍在期待不取消两队之间的足球比赛。18.the students union_on us to give away our used books to the students in the lower grades.【答案】called【句意】学生会号召我们把用过的书送给低年级的学生。19.its a good idea. but whos going toc_ outthe plan?i think tom and mike will.【答案】carry【句意】“那是一个好主意,但是谁将去实施这个计划呢?”“我认为汤姆和迈克可以。”20.it is the americas selling weapons to taiwan thatc_ a shadow onthe sinous relationship.【答案】cast【句意】正是美国向台湾出售武器给中美关系蒙上了阴影。21.i had been out of touch with allen for many years but the moment hec_ me up that day, i recognised his voice.【答案】called【句意】我和阿伦已经多年没有联系了,但那天他一给我打电话,我就听出了他的声音。22.he invented a new game intended for children, but it never reallyc_ on.【答案】caught【句意】他发明了一种专为儿童设计的新游戏,但从未真正流行起来。23.its difficult to_down the football fans, who were crazy about the victory.【答案】calm【句意】要使这些球迷冷静下来很难,他们想赢球都想疯了。24.hello, jane, have you arrived at the hotel?yeah, busyc_ in. ill call back later.【答案】checking【句意】“珍妮你好。你到宾馆了吗?”“是的,我正在忙着登记入住,晚些时候给你电话。”25.once you promise to buy her a gift, you cant break itin any c_.【答案】case【句意】句意:一旦你许下诺言给她买礼物,在任何情况下你都不能违背诺言。二、单句语法填空(用所给单词的正确形式填空或填上恰当的单词)1.beidou navigation satellite system offers users a global positioning_(capable)with great accuracy.【答案】capability【句意】北斗导航卫星系统为用户提供高精度的全球定位能力。2.the accident arising from his _(care)was serious and he undertook to answer for it.【答案】carelessness【句意】由于他粗心大意而引起的事故是严重的,他承诺对此负责。3.the gunmen _(calm)walked away and escaped in a waiting car. 【答案】calmly【句意】持枪歹徒不慌不忙地走开,坐上一辆等候的汽车逃走了。 4.alan is a_ driver, but he drives the least_of my friends.(care)【答案】careful, carefully【句意】艾伦是个细心的司机,但在我的朋友中他开车是最不细心的。5.chinns second aircraft_(carry), whose construction took more than six years, entered service at the end of 2019.【答案】carrier【句意】中国第二艘航母建造历时6年多,于2019年底投入使用。6.all those things gave him a feeling of security and_(calm). 【答案】calmness【句意】所有那一切给他一种安全、平静的感觉。 7.you must be_(caution). you mustnt take any unnecessary risks until you are quite sure.【答案】cautious【句意】你必须要小心。在有把握之前,你一定不能冒任何不必要的风险。8.its improper to drop in on him so_(casual). 【答案】casually【句意】这样冒冒失失去找他可不妥当。9.the stormy and treacherous weather added to difficulty and_(certain)in the search for the missing passengers.【答案】uncertainty【句意】暴风骤雨的天气增加了寻找失踪乘客的难度和不确定性。10.a computer does complicated_(calculate)in a few seconds. 【答案】calculations【句意】有了计算机,繁复的计算几秒钟就能完成。 三、单句改错(每句最多有两个错误,错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改)1.through the fire drill i now realize how dangerous it is when there is a fire and that we should know how to escape from a fire on case of emergency.【答案】on改为in【解析】in case of万一,如果,因此把on改为in。句意:通过消防演习,我现在意识到火灾发生时有多危险;认识到在紧急情况下如何从火灾中逃生。2.why was the young lady taken away by the police?by accident she was caught stolen something in the supermarket. 【答案】stolen改为stealing【解析】be caught doing sth.做某事被当场被抓获、逮住。句意:“那位年轻的女士为什么被警察带走?”“碰巧她在超市偷东西是被当场逮住。3.its difficult to adapt to all tastes. one mans meat is another mans poison.【答案】adapt改为cater【解析】adapt to适应;cater to迎合,满足要求。句意:很难满足各种口味要求。俗话说,萝卜青菜各有所爱。4.im writing to congratulate you of your winning first prize in the english short novel competition recently.【答案】of改为on/for【解析】congratulate sb on/for sth表示“为某事祝贺某人”,故of改为on/for。句意:我写信祝贺你在英文短篇小说比赛中获得一等奖。5.in these means, i always made myself cheer and optimistic, full of great enthusiasm for english study.【答案】in改为by, cheer改为cheerful【解析】by the means用这种办法,故把in改为by;make+宾语+形容词(宾语补足语),故把cheer改为cheerful。句意:通过这些方式,我总是让自己高兴和乐观,对英语学习充满了极大的热情。6.a man called himself david marsh is asking to see you.【答案】called改为calling【解析】call oneself sth.自称为。a man与call之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动,用现在分词作后置定语。故called改为calling。句意:一个自称david marsh 的人要见你。7.yesterday i called at you and asked if i could borrow some jewellery.【答案】at改为on【解析】短语用法错误。短语call on sb.拜访某人。句意:昨天我拜访了你,问是否可以借一些珠宝。故将at改为on。8.i can thank you too much for all your help to my son while he was away from home.【答案】can改为cant/couldnt【解析】句意:我儿子不在家时,你帮了我的忙,我怎么感谢你也不过分。结合句意可知,cant/couldnt.too.意为“再都不为过”。故将can改为cant/couldnt。9.but if i am friendly and carefully enough, how will these things happen?【答案】carefully改为careful【解析】此处be动词am后面用形容词作表语,carefully是副词,故把carefully改为careful。句意:但是,如果我足够友好和小心,这些事情怎么会发生呢?10.one day, a boy whom is one of her neighbors injured his leg for carelessly. 【答案】whom改为who/that, 去掉for或carelessly改为carelessness【解析】a boy后接的定语从句,关系词在定语从句中做主语,用who/that,故把whom改为who/that。这里用副词carelessly或者介词短语for carelessness作状语,故去掉for或将carelessly改为carelessness。句意:一天,有个小男孩也是她的一位邻居不小心伤到了腿。11.there was lots of excitement and cheer during the whole process.【答案】cheer改为cheers【解析】cheer为可数名词,cheers欢呼,喝彩。句意:整个过程充满了兴奋和欢呼。12.the manager in the charge of our team was shocked by our victory.【答案】去掉the【解析】此处in charge of.在句中作后置定语,修饰前面的名词manager,意为“负责,管理”,故去掉the。句意:负责我们球队的经理对我们的胜利感动惊讶。13.american scientists say they believe that trees can warn each other of danger. they do it by sending out chemical into the air. 【答案】chemical改为chemicals【解析】chemical“化学物质”是可数名词,send out chemicals“排放出化学物质”,用复数形式。句意:美国科学家说,他们相信树木可以互相警告有危险。他们通过向空气中释放化学物质来做到这一点。14.the main subjects i studied at school including chinese, maths, english, physics, chemical and computer.【答案】concluding改为conclude, chemical改为chemistry【解析】句中的include是谓语动词,应该用included;句中的学科名称是并列关系,应将chemical改为chemistry名词。句意:我在学校学习的主要科目包括语文、数学、英语、物理、化学和电脑。15.the weather here in summer is so changing. please take an umbrella when you go out. 【答案】changing改为changeable【解析】不是天气正在变化,而是天气多变(changeable)。句意:今年夏天的天气是多变的,出去的时候请带上雨伞。16.as for finding a part-time job, it is not necessary, for you can have more chance to take a job.【答案】chance改为chances【解析】chance“机会”为可数名词,受more修饰,故把chance改为chances。句意:至于找一份兼职工作,这是没有必要的,因为你有更多的机会工作。17.no matter how challenged my dream is, ill make it come true. 【答案】challenged改为challenging【解析】challenged是用来作it的表语的。challenged意为“受到挑战的”;challenging意为“挑战性的”句意:无论我的梦想多么富有挑战性,我都会实现它。根据句意可知,是富有挑战性的,因此challenged改为challenging。18.he announced with the certainty that polluted water carried the virus.【答案】去掉with后面的the【解析】with certainty肯定地,确信。句意:他确信地宣布污染的水携带病毒。19.i was so encouraged that i ran faster and fastertill i caught up all the other runners.【答案】up后面加with【解析】catch up with是固定搭配,表示“赶上”,故up 后加with。句意:深受鼓舞的我跑得越来越快,直到我赶上了其他的选手。20.peoples chatting each other is something that bothers her most when she is seeing a film.【答案】chatting后面加with【解析】chat with each other相互聊天,故在chatting后面加with。句意:人们相互聊天是看她电影时最使令她心烦的事情。提升练(对接高考)一、完形填空阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的a、b、c和d四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。frederick the great, king of prussia, was seated in his room when a petition(请愿书)was brought to him. the king had just returned from hunting, and the glare of the sun, or some other 1 , had so dazzled(使目眩)his eyes that he found it difficult to 2 a single word of the writing.so he called the servant boy. the poor boy 3 a poor reader, huddling(挤在一起)several words together 4 they were syllables of one long word, which he must get through with as speedily as possible. “stop! send me that little girl sitting there by the fountain.” the girl 5 pointed out by the king was the daughter of a royal 6 , who had come to help her father weed the flower beds. she was somewhat 7 but took courage when the king told her that he only wanted her to 8 for him, as his eyes were weak.ernestine, the little girl, was 9 of reading, and often many of the neighbors would 10 at her fathers house to hear her. those who could not read themselves would come with their letters from friends or children, so she formed the 11 of reading various sorts of handwriting promptly and well.the king gave her the petition, and she rapidly 12 the opening lines to get some 13 of what it was about. it was from a poor widow, whose only son had been 14 into the army, although his health was delicate. his father had been killed in battle.ernestine read the petition with so much 15 , and in tones so pure and distinct, that when she had finished, the king, into whose eyes 16 had started, cried excitedly, “oh! now i understand what it is all about; but i might never have known its 17 had i trusted to that young gentleman. as for you, my young lady,” continued the king, “i know you will ask no better 18 than the pleasure of carrying to this poor widow my order for her sons immediate discharge.”how happy ernestine was! because of her good reading, the poor widow 19 her son. ernestine also 20 did the servant boy good for, sorry for his bad reading, he began studying in earnest and finally became a lawyer.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述普鲁士国王收到一个寡妇的请愿书,他眼睛不适无法看清上面文字,叫来园丁女儿替他读,女孩读的很好,国王感动特赦寡妇儿子不用服兵役,同时女孩间接帮助了原来阅读不好的侍童,他努力学习最终成为律师。1. a. resultb. causec. performanced. routine【答案】b【解析】a. result结果;b. cause原因;c. performance表演,表现;d. routine常规,例行程序。根据“the glare of the sun.had so dazzled his eyes ”阳光让他的眼花,or并列连词连接名词和“the glare of the sun”并列做主语,可知还有一些其他原因,故选b。2. a. make outb. set outc. polish upd. call up【答案】a【解析】a. make out辨别;b. set out出发;c. polish up改善,提高;d. call up打电话给,征召(服役)。根据“the glare of the sun.had so dazzled his eyes ”可知,阳光让国王的眼花可知,他很难看清楚文书里的字,故填a。3. a. turnedb. grewc. becamed. proved【答案】d【解析】a. turned变成;b.grew生长;c. became变成;d. proved证明。根据最后一段最后一句“sorry for his bad reading”可知,这个男孩读的不好,证明了他阅读很差,故选d。4. a. so thatb. in thatc. as ifd. in case【答案】c【解析】a. so that以便;b. in that因为;c. as if好像;d. in case万一,以防。根据“huddling(挤在一起)several words together”他把几个单词拼在一起,可以判断男孩把几个单词读在一起成好像一个单词,故选c。5. a. otherwiseb. thusc. initiallyd. typically【答案】b【解析】a. otherwise否则;b. thus像这样,正如,因此;c. initially最初;d. typically典型地。根据前一句“send me that little girl sitting there by the fountain.”可知,叫那个坐在喷泉旁边的小女孩过来,皇家园丁的女儿正是国王这指的这个女孩,thus在这里意为“正是、正如”,故选b。6. a. cookb. guardc. painterd. gardener【答案】d【解析】a. cook厨师;b. guard守卫;c. painter油漆工;d. gardener园丁。根据空格后面“who had come to help her father weed the flower beds”可知,女孩来帮她父亲除草,可推断她父亲是园丁,故选d。7. a. alarmedb. puzzledc. excitedd. inspired【答案】a【解析】a. alarmed害怕;b. puzzled疑惑地;c. excited兴奋的;d. inspired受到鼓舞的。空格后面“took courage”(鼓起勇气)可以推断,最初女孩有点害怕,故选a。8. a. actb. readc. calculated. observe【答案】b【解析】a. act行动,表现;b. read读;c. calculate计算;d. observe观察。根据空格后面“as his eyes were weak.”可知,因为国王的眼睛视力很差,所以国王只想让她读给他听,故选b。9. a. cautiousb. ashamedc. fondd. afraid【答案】c【解析】a. cautious谨慎的;b. ashamed羞愧的;c. fond喜欢的;d. afraid害怕的。根据后文“often many of the neighbors would.at her fathers house to hear her.”可知,很多邻居经常去她父亲家听她读书,可以判断女孩喜欢读书,故选c。10. a. gatherb. celebratec. interactd. chat【答案】a【解析】a. gather聚集;b. celebrate庆祝;c. interact互动;d. chat闲聊。根据“often many of the neighbors would.at her fathers house to hear her.”可知,很多邻居在她父亲家听她读书,可以推断很多邻居聚集在一起听她读书,故选a。11. a. planb. leaguec. habitd. basis【答案】c【解析】a. plan计划;b. league联盟;c. habit习惯;d. basis基础。根据前文“那些不会阅读的人会带着朋友或孩子的来信前来。”可知,因此她养成了阅读各种笔迹的习惯,故选c。12. a. went overb. broke downc. sorted outd. glanced through【答案】d【解析】a. went over复习;b. broke down坏掉;c. sorted out分类;d. glanced through浏览。根据空前“rapidly”(快速地),可以判断女孩快速地浏览一下文书开头,故选d。13. a. truthb. ideac. descriptiond. guidance【答案】b【解析】a. truth真相;b. idea大致情况,想法;c. description描述;d. guidance指导。根据空前“迅速地浏览一下请愿书开头”,可以判断女孩想先了解事情的大致情况,故选b。14. a. attractedb. draftedc. stationedd. transported【答案】b【解析】a. attracted吸引;b. drafted征兵;c. stationed驻扎;d. transported运输。根据这一段倒数第一句“his father had been killed in battle.”可知,寡妇的丈夫已经在战场是牺牲了,现在她唯一的儿子也被征召入伍,故选b。15. a. feelingb. emphasisc. dignityd. tension【答案】a【解析】a. feeling感情;b. emphasis强调;c. dignity尊严;d. tension紧张。根据后文“the king, into whose eyes.had started, cried excitedly,”可知,国王激动地哭了,是因为ernestine读请愿书时感情丰富感动了国王,故选a。16. a. hatredb. trustc. hopesd. tears【答案】d【解析】a. hatred憎恨;b. trust信任;c. hopes希望;d. tears眼泪。根据后文“cried excitedly”可知,国王已经开始流泪,故选d。17. a. formatb. addressc. meaningd. audience【答案】c【解析】a. format格式;b. address地址;c. meaning意义;d. audience观众。根据这段第一句可知,ernestine读请愿书时感情丰富,语调纯净而鲜明,所以国王听的很明白并理解请愿书的深刻涵义,故选c。18. a. assistanceb. bonusc. rewardd. freedom【答案】c【解析】a. assistance帮助;b. bonus奖金,红利;c. reward报酬,奖赏;d. freedom自由。根据前文可知,国王由于眼睛不适请这个女孩帮忙读请愿书,女孩读的清楚明白,所以国王想给报酬,故选c。19. a. contactedb. regainedc. defendedd. relieved【答案】b【解析】a. contacted联系;b. regained重新获得;c. defended防御;d. relieved减轻;缓解。根据上一段最后一句“. order for her sons immediate discharge.”(把我的命令带给这个可怜的寡妇让她儿子马上免除服兵役)可知,寡妇儿子不用服兵役了,她重新得到了儿子,故选b。20. a. indirectlyb. deliberatelyc. temporarilyd. appropriately【答案】a【解析】a. indirectly间接地;b. deliberately故意地;c. temporarily临时地;d. appropriately恰当地。根据这一句“ernestine also.did the servant boy good for, sorry for his bad reading, he began studying in earnest and finally became a lawyer. ernestine”可知,ernestine也帮助了侍童,侍童因为读的不好感到抱歉,他开始认真学习,最后成为律师,这个句子里的第一个for是连词,意为“因为”,可以推断女孩间接帮助了男孩,故选a。二、语法填空阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。qianlong emperor of the qing dynasty fell interested in the local drama during his tour of southern china. 1 (celebration)his 80th birthday in 1790, he gathered opera troupes(剧团)from different areas around china to perform for him in beijing. 2 the celebration came to an end, four famous troupes from anhui province 3 (ask)to stay, for audiences were particularly satisfied with their great performances, 4 (color)clothes and interesting facial makeup. 5 (gradual), it replaced kunqu opera that had been popular in the palace and among the upper ranks in beijing. later, some troupes from hubei province came to beijing and often performed together with the anhui troupes. the two types of singing combined on 6 same stage and finally gave birth to a new type which was known as beijing opera.beijing opera absorbed various 7 (characteristic)of its forerunners, such as singing and dancing, and adapted itself in language and style of singing to 8 for beijing audiences tastes. as time goes by, its 9 (popular)has spread all over the country, with it 10 (become)the most popular drama in china.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了京剧的由来及发展。1.【答案】to celebrate【解析】考查词性转换(动词)和非谓语动词。后面有宾语his 80th birthday,故此处要用动词,且这里表示“为了庆祝他80岁的生日”,因此要用动词不定式作目的状语,故填to celebrate。句意:1790年,为了庆祝他80岁生日,他召集了来自中国各地的剧团在北京为他表演。2.【答案】after/when【解析】考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知,此处可用after“在之后”或者when“当时”引导时间状语从句,故填after/when。3.【答案】were asked【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。此处是在陈述发生在过去的事情,应用一般过去时;troupes与ask之间是被动关系应用被动语态;又因句子的主语是four famous troupes是复数,所以谓语动词应用复数形式。故填were asked。4.【答案】colorful【解析】考查词性转换(形容词)。根据and可知此处要用形容词修饰名词clothes,故填colorful。句意:庆祝活动结束后/当庆祝活动结束时,来自安徽省的四个著名的剧团被邀请留下来,因为观众对他们出色的表演、丰富多彩的服装和有趣的化妆特别满意。5.【答案】gradually【解析】考查词性转换(副词)。此处要用副词gradually“逐渐地,渐渐地”在句中作状语,位于句首,修饰整个句子,故填gradually。句意:渐渐地,它取代了在北京的皇宫和上层阶级中盛行的昆曲。6.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。根据same stage可知此处要用冠词the,表示特指,the same“同一个”,故填the。句意:这两种唱腔在同一个舞台上结合,最终产生了一种新的唱腔,被称为京剧。7.【答案】characteristics【解析】考查词形转换(名词复数)。根据形容词various修饰名词可知此处要用名词,且characteristic“特点,特征”是可数名词,可知此处要用其复数形式,故填characteristics。8.【答案】cater【解析】考查动词短语中的动词。后面的tastes提示与之搭配的是“迎合cater for”,故填cater。句意:京剧吸收了其先驱的各种特点,如歌唱和舞蹈,并在语言和演唱风格上进行了调整,以迎合北京观众的口味。9.【答案】popularity【解析】考查词性转换(名词)。根据its可知此处要用名词做主语,故填popularity。10.【答案】becoming【解析】考查非谓语动词。根据with it可知此处是with的复合结构,且动
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