初中英语宾语从句巧学妙记共32页PPT

1、 英语巧学妙记宾语从句巧学妙记 i know him . 主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语（简单句）（简单句）主语主语谓语谓语宾宾 语语 从从 句句连词连词 从句主语从句主语 从句谓语从句谓语 主主 句句（复合句）（复合句）2. i know who he is .什么是宾语？i know him.do you have the time?i think (that) she is beautiful.why dont you pay attention to me? 宾语,位于谓语动词或者介词后。一、宾语从句的概念一、宾语从句的概念从句在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或

2、介词之后。 eg. we know mr green teaches english. she asked if these answers were right.二、宾语从句三要素二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）引导词（连接词）语语 序序时时 态态由从属连词由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句由连接代词由连接代词 who,whom,whose,which,what 和连接副词和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句由从属连词由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句（一）引导词1 12 23 3e.g. i hear

3、(that) _. he said (that) _. 1.the teacher told us (that) _ _. he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves1.由从属连词由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句注：注：that 引导的从句，引导的从句，表示陈述一件事实，表示陈述一件事实，主句谓语动词表示确定，不疑问；主句谓语动词表示确定，不疑问；that在在句中无任何意义，不充当句子成分，常省句中无任何意义，不充当句子成分，常省略。略。around the sun2.由从属连词由从属连词

4、 whether, if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句i want to know _ _.2. ask him _. 3. i wonder _.4. could you tell me_ ? if (whether) he will go to the park with us whether (if) he can come whether it is going to rain or notif/ whether “是否是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在楚。常用在ask, wonder, can(could) you tell me 表示疑表示

5、疑问不确定意义的词之问不确定意义的词之后；从句句意完整，不缺成分。后；从句句意完整，不缺成分。 whether(if) mr li lives here1. 在引导主语从句、表语从句时如：whether it is true remains a question.the question is whether it is true. 2. 用在动词不定式之前时用whether不用if。i dont know whether to go there at once. 3.当与or not连用，或 or 提出两种选择时:i dont know whether hes free or not.mar

6、y asked whether i was doing my homework or not.tell me whether youd like to go shopping or tidy the room.注意：只能用 whether不能用 if 的情况 1注意：只能用 whether不能用 if 的情况 24. 在介词或或dicuss后面：im thinking of whether we should go fishing.we discussed whether we should close the shop.5. 与动词不定式连用(whether to do sth.) ：the

7、y asked me whether to go skating.6. 为了强调宾语部分，也可把从句提在主句前。 whether he will come i am not sure.注意：只能用if 不能用 whether的情况 1.引导条件状语从句(if :”如果”)if he runs fast, hell get there on time. ill go to see you if i have time.2.引导否定的宾语从句否定的宾语从句tell me if it is not going to rain, please.时时态态条件状语从句：条件状语从句： 主将从现主将从现宾语

8、从句：宾语从句：根据需要用相应时态根据需要用相应时态if whether用法巧记两个“是否”并不难，一般情况可代换。下列情况用whether, 主表不定式or (not)。作为讨论介词宾， 此时 if 不可跟。还有一点也得编， whether从句可提前。引 导 条 件 表 “ 如 果 ” ， 再 也 不 可 用whether。宾语从句若否定， whether一词不可用。practice time选择选择 if / whether。1. i asked her _ she had a bike.2. were worried about _ he is safe.3. i wonder _ he

9、 is well.4. i dont know _ or not he is well.5. i dont know _ to go. if / whetherwhetherwhether /ifwhetherwhether1. he asked _. 2. do you know_?3. he asked_. who could answer the question whom they are waiting for whose bike was the best in the class由连接代词由连接代词 who,whom,whose,which,what 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句

10、主句谓语动词，表示疑问不确定含义，要主句谓语动词，表示疑问不确定含义，要用疑问代词引导宾语从句，并在用疑问代词引导宾语从句，并在从句中担从句中担任句子成分任句子成分，具有一定的意义，具有一定的意义，不可省略不可省略。连接副词 where,how,why,when 引导的宾语从句1.do you know _?2. please tell me _. 3.can you tell me _ ?4.could you tell me _?主句谓语动词，表示疑问不确定含义，要用主句谓语动词，表示疑问不确定含义，要用疑问副词引导宾语从句，并在从句中担任句疑问副词引导宾语从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具

11、有一定的意义，不可省略。子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。 when well have a meeting where he is how i can get to the station why the train is late宾语从句的语序用宾语从句的语序用陈述语序陈述语序：连接词连接词+ +主语主语+ +谓语谓语+ +其他成分其他成分his brother asks i dont know主句主句+连接词连接词+从句（主从句（主+谓谓+其他成分）其他成分）即：即：助动词不能放在主语前面助动词不能放在主语前面。when he will go to the library .what h

12、e wanted to buy . whats wrong? whats the matter? whats happening? who is over there？注：当从句的原句为以下句子注：当从句的原句为以下句子 以及以及what, who作主语时，作主语时，语序不变语序不变：eg: i dont know whats the matter.can you tell me who is over there?can you tell me who he is ?做主语做主语做主语做主语注意：否定前移 若主句谓语动词为think, guess，imagine，suppose,believ

13、e等其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定句；否定前移及反意疑问句形式巧记法i dont think this dress fits you well, does it? 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿,是吗？i dont think you are right，are you?我认为你是错的,是吗？i dont believe you will finish the work today， will you?我认为你今天无法完成工作, 是吗？我认为猜想有假不可信，提问宾从构反问。我认为猜想有假不可信，提问宾从构反问。从句若表否定意，从句若

14、表否定意， 否定词语要前移。否定词语要前移。vi know he lives here .vi know he lived here ten years ago . vi have heard that he will come tomorrow . 主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任主句用现在时或将来时，从句可用任何时态，根据实际情况而定。何时态，根据实际情况而定。2.2.如果如果主句是过去的时态主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行（一般过去时，过去进行时），时），从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去（一般

15、过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）完成时）vi knew who lived there. vi saw she was talking with her mother. vhe asked whether his father would come back vthe next day. vhe said that he had seen the movie .3. 从句从句说明的是说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然一般真理、客观事实、自然 现象时现象时，仍，仍用一般现在时用一般现在时。 dad told us that it is better to do than to say.

16、 he told the boy that three and three is six. he told me the earth moves around the sun. mr. li told me the sun rises in the east.1. the radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)2. the headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)3. i hear they _ (return) it already. 4. he said that they _ members of the par

17、ty since 1948. (be)5. our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise) will be goes have returned had been risespractice time宾语从句巧记法宾语从句巧记法宾语从句要注意，时态引导词和语序。时态问题看主句，现在时态可随意。过去时态用过去，客观情况要注意，主过从现要切记。时态1. 时态问题2. 2. 引导词问题引导词 , 并不难，主句含义最关键。主表肯定意完整，that常用也可省。主表疑问不确定，另类词, 要使用。从句句意若完整，if/wether不可省。

18、从句若是缺成分，特殊疑问词来过问。引导词thatif/whether特殊疑问词3. 3. 语序问题还有一项是语序，陈述语序要切记。如何对它来判断，助动莫放主语前语序语序( )1. the young man asked _ its summer or winter. a. if b. that c. weather d. whether( )2. we dont know _ they did it . a. how b. who c. what d. which ( )3. the teacher asks us _ jim can come back on time tomorrow .

19、a. that b. if c. when d. what time( )4. does anybody know _ we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not . a. if b. where c. whether d. that( )5. could you show me _ ? a. how can i get to the station b. where is the station c. how i could get to the station d. how i can reach the station( )6. p

20、lease tell me _. a. what does he like b. what he does like c. what he likes d. what he like( )7. my sister told him _ . a. what day was it b. when the train arrived c. who she was waiting d. where did you live( )8. someone is ringing the doorbell . go and see _ . a. who is he b. who he is c. who is

21、it d. who it is ( )9. could you tell me how long _ ? a. you have bought the watch b. you have kept this science book c. have you been away from china d. have you been a member of greener china( )10. he says that if it _ tomorrow , he _ fishing . a. will rain , wont go b. rained , wasnt go c. rains , wont go d. rain , will go 将下列句子合并为一句将下列句子合并为一句: :1. where do they stop on the way? i asked. 2. what will you speak at the meeting? cou