人教版八年级上册语法总结

1、学习必备欢迎下载八年级上册英语基础语法综合讲解八上语法复习 Unit1-Unit3一般现在时：表示现阶段的动作或状态一般现在时表示现在的状态，如：He is 12. She is at home.表示现阶段经常的或习惯性的动作，如：I go to school at 7:30 every day.客观真理： The sun rises from the east.在一般现在时中，主语是第三人称且是单数时，动词用现三单形式：动词现三单变化规则一般动词在词尾加 -s,在清辅音后读 /s/，在浊辅音或元音后读 /z/，在 t 后读/ts/，在 d后读 /ds/。以字母 s, x, sh, ch 结尾

2、的动词加 -es, 读/iz/ 。如果动词原形词尾已有 e，则加 s。以 o 结尾的动词也加 -es，读 /z/。以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词，先边 y 为 i，再加 -es，读 /z/。动词原形第三人称单数形式helphelps /helps/likelikes /laiks/swimswims /wimz/listenlistens / nz/lis?knowknows /n?z/playplays /pleiz/getgets /gets/findfinds /faindz/teachteachesgogoesstudystudies2.少数不规则的要记： do-does， be-is，

3、 have-has一般过去时；英语动词过去式变化规则及不规则动词的过去式Past Events动词过去式规则动词学习必备欢迎下载原形过去式原形过去式呼叫 callcalled行走 walkwalked搬运 carrycarried观看 watchwatched跟随 followfollowed相信 believebelieved发生 happenhappened邀请 inviteinvited帮助 helphelped喜欢 likeliked看 looklooked住 livelived玩 playplayed爱 loveloved展示 showshowed使用 useused听起来 soun

4、dsounded尝试 努力 trytried冲浪 surfsurfed担心 worryworried转动 turnturned失败 failfailed等待 waitwaited拜访 visitvisited1 直接加 d 或者 ede 结尾的动词 , 直接加 d: smile-smiled; hope-hoped.2 双辅音结尾的情况 : 直接加 ed: helped; learned.3 重读闭音节 :一个元音 +一个辅音结尾的情况 :双写最后一个辅音字母加 ed. stopped; planned; preferred(重读在 fer 前 ); admitted(重读在 mit 前);

5、referred; deferred;4 y 结尾的情况 :辅音 +y 结尾动词 ,y 变 i 加 ed: worried;studied.不规则动词原形过去式原形过去式是 amwas是 iswas是 arewere知道 knowknew买 buybought见到 meetmet会 能够 cancould看见 seesaw抓住 catchcaught睡觉 sleepslept做 dodid拿着 taketook挖 digdug穿 wearwore喝 drinkdrank写 writewrote吃 eatate驾驶 drivedrove寻找 findfound骑 riderode给 givega

6、ve让 letlet学习必备欢迎下载去 go有 havewenthad放读putreadputread不定代词和不定副词的用法：回顾：some和 any（一些）1) some一般用于肯定句， any 用于否定句和疑问句我需要一些笔记本。我没有书。 I dont have （ ）books.Do you have ()books? 你有一些书吗？2) 在表示请求、建议、征求意见等委婉语气的疑问句中，用some 而不用 any。Can you bring some things to school? 你能带些东西到学校吗？Would you like () apples? 你想要一些苹果吗？som

7、ebodyanyoneeverythingnowhere（疑问副词）（ 1）左边的 some、any、every、no 与右边的 body、one、thing 构成不定代词， some、any、every、 no 与右边的疑问副词where 构成不定副词； 新| 课|标|第|一| 网（ 2）一般情况下以 some开头的不定代词和不定副词用于肯定句， 以 any 开头的不定代词和不定副词用于否定句、疑问句；以 no 开头的不定代词和不定副词表示否定含义（ no one 为两个单词）；（ 3）不定代词或不定副词和形容词连用时，形容词放在后面。He has something important t

8、o do他.有重要的事情要做。（肯定句用 something，形容词 important 放后）Did you buy anything special? （一般疑问句用anything，形容词 special 放后）Did you go anywhere interesting last month?上个月你去令人感兴趣的地方了吗？(一般疑问句用不定副词anywhere，形容词 interesting 放后 )（ 4）不定代词和不定副词做主语时，后面的动词用单数形式。 Everone is here today今.天每个人都在这里。（ 5） someone somebody区别简单记就是：

9、someone既可指人 ,又可指物 ,somebody只能指人。指人时，为有人、某人的意思，可通用。学习必备欢迎下载此外， somebody还可以指有头有脸的人物 ，和 nobody(无名小卒 )相对， Someone或 no one 却没有此意思例如： He thinks himself somebody(他以名人自居 )。表示频率的副词的用法。1.主要频率副词等级排序： always(总是 ) > usually (通常 ) > often( 经常 ) > sometimes(有时 ) > hardly ever(很少 ) >never(从不 )这些副词在句子

10、中的位置， 一般放在助动词、 be 动词或情态动词之后， 行为动词之前。即：“行”前“助 (系)”后。 Peter is always late for school. Peter上学总是迟到。I usually do my homework in the evening. 我通常在晚上做作业。提问 always, sometimes, twice a day等频率副词，用 How oftenI watch TV every day.我每天都看电视 How often do you watch TV?(你多长时间看一次电视？)2. 提问频率how often“多长时间一次”，用来提问在某一特定

11、的时间内进行某个动作的次数，答语通常是 never ，sometimes ，quite often，usually，three times a year等表示频度的副词或短语。如： 21 教育网How often do you go to the library?Once a day. 一天一次。你多长时间去一次图书馆?其它常见的how词组how long“有多久”how soon “需要多长时间能怎样”how far“多远”how many“多少（一般用来提问数量） ”how much“多少钱学习必备欢迎下载八上语法复习 Unit4-Unit8形容词副词比较级和最高级形容词、副词的比较级和最

12、高级的构成规则：1 一般情况加 -er, -esttall taller tallestgreat greater greatest2 以不发音 e 结尾的单加 -r， -stlarge larger largest nice nicer nicest音节词3 在重读闭音节（即：辅音元音辅音）中，4 以“辅音字母 y”结尾的双音节词，5 以 ow,er 结尾的双音节词6 其他双音节词（副词）和多音节词，先双写末尾的辅big bigger biggest音字母再加 -er,hot hotter hottest-est把 y 改为 ieasy easier easiest再加 -er, -esth

13、eavy heavier heaviest,lucky-luckier加 -er, -estclever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest比较级在前面加 beautiful more beautiful most beautiful more，最高级在 easily more easily most easily 前面加 most常见不规则变化：原级比较级最高级good ,wellbetterbestbad, ill, badlyworseworstmany ,muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther 距

14、离 , further 程度farthest, further(提高进一步)oldolder 时间 , elder 顺序oldest, eldest1.原级比较 as + 原级形容词 +as，表示前后两者一样Mary is as honest as her sister.否定（注意肯定不能用so）not as/so +形容词 +as表前者不如后者Mary is not as/so honest as her sister. Mary is not so honest a girl as her sister.学习必备欢迎下载原本语序是a honest girl,只是so修饰的是形容词，所以形容

15、词提前在so 后面2.比较级比较级 +than+ .The weather today is colder than yesterday.注意 than 连接的的两个比较对象要一致如 Mary s hat is smaller than Tom 错误应为 Mary s hat is smaller than Toms比较级别+and+比较级：越来越 （若比较级为 more+形容词原级，则为： more and more形容词原级） The buildings are taller and taller.Our country is becoming stronger and stronger

16、the+比较级， the+比较级 越.（就）越 the+比较级 +of the two .,特指两者中更 .的那个3.最高级The+形容词最高级 +名词（ +表范围的），表示三者或三者以上之间最.,因为是特指，所以通常有 the4.the+形容词，表某一类人： the old 老人the poor 穷人the rich 富人一般将来时1. 表示将要发生的动作、将来会存在的情况或状态，可用多种形式来表示，常常伴有表示将来的时间状语，如 in+ 一段时间：在 之后2. 基本结构：shall/will+ do(will 用于各种人称， shall 用于第一人称 )将来势必会发生的事，或未经计划而临时

17、做出的打算He will be 17 years old next year.主语 +be going to + doa. 表现在的意图（经过考虑） ，既打算在最近或将来做某事b. 已有迹象表明即将发生某事，主语通常是物Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain.there be 句型表示（某地）有某人或某物学习必备欢迎下载1.结构“ There be +名词 + （地点）这一句型。 There 无词义，主语为there be 后面的名词。be 也可以是其他如 lie, stand,live used to be, seem to be,情态动词

18、+be 等，但基本 不用 have 如： There stands a big tree in the garden.时态： there be 句型可以有多种时态变化注意： There be 句型中的主谓一致： Be 动词的单复数形式取决于与 be 动词最靠近的名词，即 “近主原则 ”There is a pen and two pencils on the desk.如果主语是复数名词，却表示一笔金额或一个总数或表达一个单个概念时，则仍用单数be形式，如：There is five hundred dollars to pay需.要付 500 美元。3、some 和 any 在 there

19、be句型中的运用： some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑问句。5. have， has 表示：某人或某物“拥有”什么东西，强调“所属关系” ，而且某人某物作为句子的主语。there be 意为存在，强调某地有某物，不表示所属关系；有时可替换，如：中国有许多长河。There are many long rivers in China. China has many longrivers.6.“ There be结构 ”的一般现在时： There is/are+某物 /某人 +某地 /某时一般过去时： There was/were+某物 /某人 +某地 /某时There was a sc

20、hool ten years ago.一般将来时： There will be+ 某物 /某人 +某地 /某时 .= There is going to be+某物 /某人 +某地 /某时 .There will be a sport meeting next week.=There is going to be a sport meeting next week.几组量词后面加名词的区别a few +可数名词复数：有一些、有几个few +可数名词复数：几乎没有（表示否定）a little +不可数名词：有一些little+ 不可数名词几乎没有（表示否定）many+可数名词复数：很多，许多学习

21、必备欢迎下载much+不可数名词：很多，许多few 的比较级是 fewer ,little 的比较级是 lessmanymuch 的比较级都是 moreThere will be _polution in the future.在未来将会有更少的污染。We should plant more trees我.们应该种更多的树。There will be fewer cars in the future.在未来将会有更少的汽车。How many+可数名词复数：多少 How much+不可数名词：多少 some+可数名词复数 /不可数名词肯定居中或者当说话者希望得到肯定回答、邀请或料想对方会给予肯定

22、回答的。any+可数复数 /不可数当 some表示某一，后面可接单数名词;any 意为任一，后面可接单数名词a lot of=lots of都 +可数名词复数 /不可数名词too many+可数名词too much+不可数名词too many 和 too much 都表示太多much too+形容词太 表程度much 作为副词可修饰形容词（比较级和原级都可以）a lot表示程度“非常 ,很” Thanksa lot 的八上语法复习 Unit9-Unit10感叹句感叹句的形成，均由How 或 What 引导。l ) What + (整体 )名词（十主语谓语动词.）！由于此处 Wlat 为形容词，

23、译成“多么的” ，之后一定要加名词，以供修饰。例子：a. 单数名词： What a great man he is （! a great man整体名词）（他是个多伟大的人呀！ )b. 复数名词 What beautiful flowers they are!（beautiful girls 整体名词 ,主语 they,谓语 are）c.不可数名词 Whatbadweather it is!（bad weather整体名词 , 主语 it, 谓语 is）整体名词2) How 十形容词（ adj）或副词（ adv）十主语十谓语动词 ！How+adj+a(n)+ 单数名词 (+ 主语 +谓语动词

24、)学习必备欢迎下载（ 由于此处 How 为副词，译成“多么地” ，之后一定要加形容词或副词，以供修饰）例如：a. 谓语动词是 Be的： How beautiful she is!（beautiful形容词，主语 she, 谓语b. 谓语动词是 do 的： How fast he run! (fast副词，主语 He,谓语 run)is）if 引导的条件状语从句结构： if 一般现在时，主语将来时含义：如果 ，将要 主语用将来时， If 条件句中用一般现在时（表示将来）主将从现构成条件从句主句时态If 一般现在时主语 shall/will+ 动词原形例句If he comes,he will t

25、ake us to thezoo.2. 注意：(1)条件状语从句通常由连词 if 引导，意为 “如果、假如 ”，主句不能用 be going to 表示将来，而应该用 shall，will 。If you ask him, he is going to help you. (错误 )If you ask him, he will help you. ( 正确 )(2 主将从现： if 从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。如：If it rains tomorrow, I shant climb the hills.If I go to college, I will never become

26、a great soccer player.八年级上册英语基础语法综合练习题一、用括号里的词的适当形式填空。1. If you give me time, I _ (find) the solution.2. If you want to pass, you _ (have to) study hard.学习必备欢迎下载3. What _ (happen) if they don t agree with each other?4. Beckham is a famous football _(play).5. My father made a living by _(sell)small t

27、oys when he was young.6. Did the children enjoy_(they)in the party last Sunday?7. The college graduate enjoyed _(teach)in the poor mountain area8. He_(have)a great time if he _(come)to the party tomorrow.9. I think tomorrow is a good time_(have)the party, Everyone_(have) fun at that time.10. Half th

28、e class _(stay)at home on the weekend now.11. I will also be able _ (work)outside sometimes.12. What about _(listen)to the radio?13. The_(three)shirt is the nicest of all.14. This bag is much_(big)than that one.15. Most students spent more than one hour_ (write)the composition.16. All of us were sur

29、prised_(see)how Americans abused the Iraqi prisoners.17. I don't know if he _(come)tomorrow, but if he _(come)tomorrow, I'll let you.18._ (join)the Lions, and you_(become)a great soccer player.19. In the past, Peter _(spend )a lot of time every day_(play)football.20. If he_(stay)at home, he&

30、#39;ll be sorry.21. I am learning how_(swim).22. Many of my friends are_(lawyer).23. _（ watch）TV too much is bad for your eyes.24. Could you tell us the _（different） between these two styles of music?25. Mike goes to see his grandparents _(one) a week.26. He spends more than an hour _(exercise) ever

31、y day.27. He didn t go to school. He could _(hard) read or write.28. It s a good habit ushtobryour(tooth) every day.29.To keep healthy， I decide _ (exercise) half an hour every day.30.Look! Your pet dog is(die).31.Exercise is(health) for the mind and the body.32. Your sweater is beautiful. I want _(

32、buy) one，too.33. How about(go) shopping on Sundays?学习必备欢迎下载34. He usually study English by(read) it in the morning.35.We decided(go) to the beach near our hotel.36.I really enjoy(walk) around the town.37.We wanted(walk) up to the top.38.My family(go) to the beach every summer.39.Did you have a great

33、 time(talk) in groups?40. Lucy usually_ _to school early. But today she _to school late. (go) 41.-Where did you_(study) last night?-No, I_(help)my mother_(clean) the room.42.Do you feel like(drink) some orange?43.Our teacher often keeps us(read) English in the morning.44. It s very interesting _ ( f

34、eed) the pets.45. He is _(bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _ (bad) at English.46. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the world.47. He is one of the_(friendly) people in the class, I think.48. A dictionary is much _ (expensive) than a story-book.49. An orang

35、e ia a little _ (big) than an apple, but much _ (small) than a watermelon.50. The Changjiang River is the _ (long) river in China.51. Sue is a little _ (beautiful) than her sister.50.My room is not as _ (big) as my brother' s.53.-How difficult is physics?-I' m not sure.- Is it _ _ (difficult

36、) than math?- I don' t think so.54.- Annie plays the piano very _ (well).- Sue plays it _ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the _ (well).55. Saturday is my _ (busy) day in a week.56. Her mother is getting _(fat) and _ (fat).57. I think it' s too expensive. I' d like a _ (cheap) one.5

37、8. He comes to school much _ (early) than I.59.This book is not as _ (interesting) as that one.60. Your classroom is _(wide)and _(bright) than ours.学习必备欢迎下载61. Practise as _ (much) as you can.62. The _ (much), the _ (good).63. Nowadays(现在 ) English is _( important ) than any other subject, I think.6

38、4. Most of the students think a lion is much _(dangerous) than a bear and it is the _(dangerous) animal in the world.65. It sto say than to do (easy)66.Which do you likeof all the coats? (well)67. The apples in the other shop areand.(cheap; good)68. Many of the stars are so away that we can t see th

39、em. (far)69.The Yangtze River is very(long) .In fact, itsriver in China (long)70.Did you decide _(visit) your grandparents?71.There are many _ (different) between them.72.I can t stand _ (hear)badth news.73.Lucy and Lily are the _ (win) of the talent show.74.This shirt isn t as _(good) as that one.7

40、5.He is the _ (bad) student in his class.76.The news _ (be) so terrible that we all can t stand.77.I really enjoyed _ (walk) around town.78.It is good to relax by _(use) internet.79.Did you have fun _ (play) at the party?80. Marysbrother is as _ (health) as her sister.81. My pen is new, but hers is

41、_(new) than mine.82. It snecessary for us _ (learn) English well.83. The storybook is _ (interest) of the three.84.I can t stand(listen) to the noisy music.85.There(be) some exciting news in today s newspaper.86.Would you mind(open) the window?87.Did you watch(sport) show on TV yesterday?88.Where do

42、 you plan(go) this Sunday?89.Do you want(watch) the news?90.Sally thinks soap operas are(educational) than sitcoms.学习必备欢迎下载91.I hope(watch) the action movie one day.92.Yao Ming is a(success) player in NBA.93.I think Xi Yangyang is as(famous) as Mikey Mouse.94.He is(funny) than the other students in

43、his class.95.Did you have fun(learn) something?96.Nelly practiced(dance) a lot more than Lisa.97.His mother often makes him(clean) his room on weekends.98.Lisa practiced a lot more and wanted(win).99.It s necessary for us(learn) English well.100.He is(different) from his brother. They have some(diff

44、erent).二 .句型转换。1.If I go to the party, I'll bring them some flowers .(提问）_ _ _ bring _if you go to the party?2.Study hard, and you'll pass the English exam.=_ _study hard, _pass the English exam3.Wear jeans, and we won't let you in.=_ _wear jeans, we won't let you in.5. I will study

45、English hard. I will teach English in a school.( 用 if 合并 )_6. Mary is eighteen years old.(同义句 )Mary is _ girl.7.We walked for another two hours.(同义句 ) We walked for _ hours.8.I go to dance three times a week.提(问 )_ do you go to dance?9.Do you want to come?(同义句 )_you _ to come?10.Tom isn t as good as

46、 Tim at playing the drum同义.(句 )Tom is _ at playing the drum _Tim.11.She is taller than any other student in her class同.(义句 )She is _ student in her class.12.I think my mother is smarter than my father.(否定句 )I _ my mother _ smarter than my father.13.What do you think of the movie?(同义句 )_ the movie?14

47、. He is going to go to a cooking school. 提(问 )is he going to？学习必备欢迎下载15.My father wants to be a pilot. (一般疑问句 )your fatherto be a pilot?16.It s a good time to make resolutions at the beginning of the year同义.句( )Theof the year is a good time forresolutions.17.Will you make a model plane for her? (同义句 )youto make a model plane for her?18.John wants to watch talk showsbecause they re enjoyable(对划.线部分提问 )Johnto watch talk show?19.Over 80 years ago,he first appeared in the cartoon Steamboat Whi