Unit 3Section Ⅲ Grammar — 过去分词作状语综述

1、第3步Unit 3 Life in the futureSection Grammar过去分词作状语第1步第2步返回返回返回返回返回1a.Given better attention, the trees could grow better.b. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.cDescribed as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earths gravity.返回2a

2、.I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, absorbed by its efficiency. I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, and was absorbed by its efficiency.bHit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached. Because I was hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.3a.When offered help, one often sa

3、ys “Thank you” or “Its kind of you.”bThe research is so designed that once begun nothing can be done to change it.返回我的发现我的发现(1)作状语用的过去分词作状语用的过去分词(短语短语)和句子的主语之间有逻辑和句子的主语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，或称为上的动宾关系，或称为 关系。关系。(2)第一组句子中的过去分词第一组句子中的过去分词(短语短语)分别在句子中作：分别在句子中作：a. 状语；状语；b. 状语；状语；c.伴随情况或方式状语。伴随情况或方式状语。(3)比较第二组句子可知，

4、作状语用的过去分词比较第二组句子可知，作状语用的过去分词(短语短语)可可以转化成相应的以转化成相应的 从句。从句。被动被动条件条件原因原因状语状语返回(4)从第三组句子可知，表示时间、条件、方式、比较从第三组句子可知，表示时间、条件、方式、比较或让步的状语，可用或让步的状语，可用“ ”结构。结构。可用于该结构中的从属连词有：可用于该结构中的从属连词有：when, once, while, if, unless, as if, as, than, though, although等。等。从属连词过去分词从属连词过去分词返回返回 过去分词过去分词(短语短语)可以作状语，修饰谓语动词，进一可以作状语

5、，修饰谓语动词，进一步说明谓语动词的动作和状态。在意义上相当于状语从步说明谓语动词的动作和状态。在意义上相当于状语从句句(而且可以跟状语从句相互转换而且可以跟状语从句相互转换)，表示时间、条件、原，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。因、伴随状况等。返回一、过去分词一、过去分词(短语短语)作状语的几种情况作状语的几种情况1作时间状语作时间状语过去分词可用作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句。有时过去分词可用作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句。有时也可在过去分词前加上连词也可在过去分词前加上连词“when，while，until”等，等，使其时间意义更明确。使其时间意义更明确。This dictionary

6、 will look nice when printed.印好后，这本词典看上去将很精美。印好后，这本词典看上去将很精美。返回11.句型转换句型转换Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us. from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful to us.12.一句多译一句多译当被要求发言时，你才能讲话。当被要求发言时，你才能讲话。Dont speak Dont speak When it is seen until asked tountil

7、 you are asked to返回当被问到为何要做这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。当被问到为何要做这件事时，班长说这是他的职责。 , the monitor said it was his duty. , the monitor said it was his duty.Asked why he did itWhen (he was) asked why he did it返回2作原因状语作原因状语过去分词可用作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。过去分词可用作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。Satisfied with what he did, the teacher praised him in

8、 class.由于对他所做的事情感到满意，老师在班上表扬了他。由于对他所做的事情感到满意，老师在班上表扬了他。返回Written in a hurry, this article was not so good. in a hurry, this article was not so good.试译：试译： Because it was written 因为写的匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。因为写的匆忙，这篇文章不是很好。返回3作条件状语作条件状语可用在连词可用在连词if，unless之后，相当于一个条件状语从句。之后，相当于一个条件状语从句。Given more time, we could do

9、 it much better. If we were given more time, we could do it much better.多给我们点时间，我们会做得更好。多给我们点时间，我们会做得更好。返回如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子就能长得快。如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子就能长得快。 , these seeds can grow fast. , these seeds can grow fast. 除非受到邀请，否则我不去作演讲。除非受到邀请，否则我不去作演讲。I wont make a speach I wont make a speach Grown in rich soilI

10、f they are grown in rich soilunless Im invitedunless invited返回4作让步状语作让步状语过去分词有时可用在过去分词有时可用在although，though，even if，even though, whether .or等连词之后，相当于一个等连词之后，相当于一个让步状语从句。让步状语从句。Beaten by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged and practiced even harder. Though they had been beaten by the o

11、pposite team, the players were not discouraged and practiced even harder.虽然被对方打败，队员们没有泄气，而是更加刻苦虽然被对方打败，队员们没有泄气，而是更加刻苦训练。训练。返回Though warned of the storm, the farmers were still working in the fields. , the farmers were still working in the fields.Considered as a building material，wood is not very str

12、ong. as a building material, wood is not very strong.Though they had been warned of the stormAlthough it is considered 返回5作方式或伴随状语作方式或伴随状语过去分词可用作方式或伴随状语，此时相当于一个由过去分词可用作方式或伴随状语，此时相当于一个由and连接的并列结构。连接的并列结构。She accepted the gift, deeply moved. She accepted the gift, and she was deeply moved.她接受了礼物，深深地被感

13、动了。她接受了礼物，深深地被感动了。返回The hunter walked slowly in the forest, followed by his wolf dog.The hunter walked slowly in the forest, by his wolf dog.试译：试译： and he was followed猎人在森林里慢慢地走着，后面跟着他的狼狗。猎人在森林里慢慢地走着，后面跟着他的狼狗。返回二、过去分词二、过去分词(短语短语)作状语应注意的几点作状语应注意的几点1作状语的过去分词其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，作状语的过去分词其逻辑主语通常就是句子的主语，且主语是过去

14、分词动作的承受者，即过去分词表示的且主语是过去分词动作的承受者，即过去分词表示的动作与主语之间是被动关系。动作与主语之间是被动关系。2值得注意的是，有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作值得注意的是，有些过去分词因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：去分词及短语常见的有：satisfied, surprised, worried, disappointed, lost, seated, hidden, lost/absorbed in, dressed in, tired of。返回 (give) ano

15、ther hour, I can also work out this problem.试译：试译： (lose) in thought, he didnt hear the bell. 试译：试译： (worry) about his sons safety, he didnt sleep well. 试译：试译：Given再给我一个小时，我也能解出这道题。再给我一个小时，我也能解出这道题。Lost由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。Worried由于担心他儿子的安全，他没有睡好。由于担心他儿子的安全，他没有睡好。返回三、过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别三、过去

16、分词与现在分词作状语的区别1过去分词作状语时，通常与其逻辑主语之间存在逻过去分词作状语时，通常与其逻辑主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即被动关系；现在分词作状语时，辑上的动宾关系，即被动关系；现在分词作状语时，通常与其逻辑主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即通常与其逻辑主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即主动关系。主动关系。2. 过去分词过去分词(短语短语)作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。否则，须加上自己的逻辑主语，构成主语要一致。否则，须加上自己的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。独立主格结构。返回71.用所给词的适当形式填空用所给词的适当形式填空 (use) f

17、or a long time, the book looks old. (use) the book, I find it useful. Good luck (give), I will earn more money.72.判断正误判断正误(T/F)If caught, the police will punish the thief. If caught, the thief will be punished by the police.UsedUsing givenFT返回1(2012安徽高考安徽高考)When _ for his views about his teaching jo

18、b, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.AaskingBaskedChaving asked Dto be asked返回解析：解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问及他对教学工作的考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问及他对教学工作的看法时，菲利普说他觉得它很有趣并且非常值得做。分析看法时，菲利普说他觉得它很有趣并且非常值得做。分析句子结构可知，句子结构可知，ask与与Philip之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用用ask的过去分词形式。的过去分词形式。 答案：答案：B返回2(2012湖南高考湖南高考)Time, _correctly, is money in the bank.Ato use BusedCusing Duse解析：解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：被用得合理，时间就是考查非谓语动词。句意：被用得合理，时间就是银行里存的钱。由句意可知，银行里存的钱。由句意可知，use与句子的主语与句子的主语time构成构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以选过去分词形式。逻辑上的动宾关系，所以选过去分词形式。