非谓语动词复习

1、非谓语动词复习 包括：动词不定式；动词+ing; 动词+ed I.基本构成：不定式（to do）一般式进行式完成式主动语态to do To be doing To have done被动语态To be done To have been done 与主句谓语相比之后发生同时发生之前发生动词+ingdoing 一般式完成式主动语态doinghaving done被动语态 being donehaving been done与主句谓语相比几乎同时发生之前发生动词+ed只有一般式考点归纳如下：1. 非谓语的否定(ones) not doing(ones) not being done (ones)

2、not having done(ones) not having been donenot to do /in order not to do so as not to do eg. (1)Having no money but _ anyone to know, he simply said he would go without dinner. ( not want) (2) _ full preparations, we decided to put off the performance till next week.(not make)(3)_to school on time ma

3、de the teacher angry.(he/not/ come)(4) _ (not see) John, I asked where he was.(5)_(not know) anything about the accident, he went to work as usual.(6)_ (not know) English , he couldnt understand the film.(7)To fetch water before breakfast seem to me a rule _.(not break)(8) She pretended _(not see) m

4、e when he passed by.(9) Tom kept quiet about the accident _(so as to/ not) lose his job.(10) They make it a rule _ (not smoke) in the room.1.not wanting 2. Not having made 3.His not coming 4.Not seeing 5.Not knowing 6.Not knowing 7.not to break 8.not to 9.so as not to 10.not to smoke2. 复合结构：名词所有格（Ma

5、rys） 形容词性物主代词(her) + doing 名词 宾格代词 eg. 1)I would appreciate _ back this afternoon.(you;call)2) -Is there any possibility of the film _ (try out) in Paris International Festival? -Not in the least, because audience generally think little of it.3) What worried the child most was _( he/not/allow) to vi

6、sit his brother in hospital.4) Some experts predict that the tourism in China needs three years to recover because of SARS _ in Guangdong and Beijing.(occur)5) Do mind _( I/watch) TV while you are doing your homework?1.your calling 2.being tried out 3.his not being allowed 4.having occurred 5.my wat

7、ching不定式的复合结构：It is kind of sb. to do sth. It is important for sb. to do sth . Sth. is important to sb.Eg. It is clever _ you to answer so. It is necessary _us to learn English. English is very important _ us students.of ;for;for3.动词+ing与动词+ed 用做形容词eg. (1)He stood _for a moment when he saw me coming

8、.(surprised;surprising) (2)The news that we failed in the game made us _(disappointed;disappointing)(3) The little boy got _when he saw his mother.(excited;exciting)(4) The_ look on her face suggested she passes the driving test.( excited;exciting)(5) His _ shout scared the boys.( frightening;fright

9、ened)(6) The girl let out a _ cry at the sight of the snake.( frightened;frightening)(7) As the conversation went on, I found she was _ to talk with.(interesting; interested)(8) - “ How do you like your new neighbor?” - “ She is _(interest), but a little bit _( disappoint).(9) excited voice/exciting

10、 voice puzzled look/ puzzling look1 surprised 2 disappointed 3 excited 4 excited 5 frightening 6 frightened 7interesting 8 interesting disappointing4.非谓语动词做主语、宾语1)做主语、宾语eg. (1)_ ( lose 迷路) can be a terrifying experience.(2) _ ( not be ) punctual(守时) makes him unreliable.(3) I like playing basket, bu

11、t today , I like _ football.(play)(4) No one had told Smith about _(there be) a lecture the next day.(5) To see is _ (believe).= _(See) is believing.(6) It was _ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.(we/ late)(7) - What made you so sad?_ the wallet.(lose) 对比：_ in thought, she did

12、nt hear what the teacher said.(lose)_ in the forest in the dark, we felt very frightened.(lose)（8）Before _( use) , the machine must be checked.1being lost 2not being 3to play 4there being 5 to believeseeing 6our being late 7LosingLost Lost 8being used*只用doing 作宾语的动词及介词短语 动词admit escape imagine pract

13、ise suggest propose appreciate avoid consider forgive understand dislike miss excuse fancy(喜欢) enjoy resist(抵制)finish complete deny delay risk 短语 be use to doing keep on doing look forward to doing stick to doingcant help doing devote to doing cant stand doing object to doinggive up doing be busy do

14、ing feel like doing insist on doingget down to doing put off doing have trouble/difficulty (in) doinghave a hard /wonderful /good time (in) doing*只用to do 作宾语的动词 plan agree intend refuse manage hope demand decide expect desire afford pretend *两者都可用的动词（1） 两者都可用， 意义不变like/ begin/start/continue（2） 两者都可用

15、，意义不同remember/ forget/ regret (not) doing/ to do mean to do/ mean doing propose to do(打算做) / propose doing（建议做） stop to do / stop doingtry to do / try doingcant help to do /cant help doing *want/ require/ need +doing=want/ require/ need + to be done 5.非谓语动词做定语 (A) to do ; doing and done作定语 eg.(1) Th

16、e lecture _ last week was about pollution.(hold)(2) The meeting _ tomorrow is put off. (hold) (3) we enjoyed the performance _ by the students last night.(give)(4) Things _ here now shouldnt be let out. (discuss)(5) The project _ in our school this term will be finished. (carry out)(6)Henry cant att

17、end the party _at Toms house at present because he is busy preparing his speech at the party _ at Maries house tomorrow. (hold)(7) The dam _ by the year 2015 will benefit the whole country.(complete)(8)The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.( wr

18、ite)(9) It is hoped that the education reform _ in our country at present will bring the desired result.(carry out)1 held 2 to be held 3 given 4 being discussesed 5 being carried out 6.being heldto be held 7 to be completed 8written 9being carried out(B) 前置定语falling leaves/fallen leavesboiling water

19、/ boiled watersleeping car/swimming pool(C) the first/next/last (one ) to come 1to travel 2to arrive 3to arrive 4to discovereg.（1） He was the first man_ in space. (travel)（2）They were the last guests _ .(arrive)（3） I arrived first, the next one _ was James. (arrive)（4）Columbus was the first _ the Ne

20、w Continent.(discover)注：the first/next /last +to do句型中， to do 表“完成”。1to travel 2to arrive 3to arrive 4to discover6To do;动词+ing 与动词+ed 做状语条件：用法：doing & having done作题方法：注意： *不及物动词不用过去分词*having done = after doing*介词+doing*to do一般只作目的状语eg.(1)He left , _ me to do all the rest work. (leave) (2) _ alon

21、e in the dark room, the little boy was so frightned as to cry. (leave)(3) _ (talk) to the witness, I now have a better idea of what happened.(4) Just after _away the dishes, Nancy heard the doorbell rang.(put)(5)Greatly _(surprise), he couldnt say a word.(6)When _( complete), the canal will connect

22、the river with the lake.(7)_(lead) his party to power for the fourth time, he becomes famous among the western leaders.(8)Everybody thought the battle _.(lose)(9)He claimed _( badly /treat) in the supermarket when he was doing shopping yesterday.(10)_(suppose) to have murdered a woman, the man was t

23、aken away by the police.1leaving 2Left 3Having talked 4putting 5surprised 6completed 7 Having led 8to be lost 9to have been baddly treated 10Supposed *独立结构 介词短语 doing构成：名词/代词 + to do ， 句子 doneadj./adv.用法：与“with+obj. +补语”的区别：eg.1)Everthing _ into consideration, they ought to have another chance.(take

24、)2) Weather _(permit), we can go for an outing.3）(With) such a short time _(leave) before the deadline, it doesnt seem likely that John will finish the job.4)With so many difficult problem _(settle), he felt a heavy burden taken off his heart.5）With the door_ (knock) on , the thiefs heart beat faste

25、r.6）_( there be)no buses last night, we had to go home on foot.1taken 2permitting 3left 4settled 5being knocked 6There being * only to do 与doing 作结果状语的用法“ only to do” 做结果状语表意料之外的结果， 尤指不愉快的结果。 “doing” 做结果状语表示必然结果与主句之间含有逻辑上的因果关系。1obliging 2leaving 3making 4ruining 5to be found 6 to be heardEg.(1) But

26、, filled for the moment with extraordinary strength, he raised himself up, _ (oblige) me to rise too, or I could not have supported him. (2) This kind of fish can eat a person in two minutes, _( leave) only the bones. (3)Football is played in more than 80 countries , _(make ) it one of the most popu

27、lar sports in the world.(4) It rained nonstop for ten days, completely _(ruin) our holidays.(5) Lilys mobile phone was left in a taxi accidentally, never _ (find) again.(6) His father disappeared, never _(hear) from again.1obliging 2leaving 3making 4ruining 5to be found 6 to be heard7.非谓语作补语notice s

28、ee doinghear +宾语+宾补 do watch doneobserveeg. (1) Hares can be seen in fields _ their bodies in circles in the air.(throw)(2) Ben works very hard. He is often seen _ heavily before his teammates have ever arrived at practice.(sweat)(3) On his way home, he suddenly heard his name _ (call)(4) He saw a d

29、og _ (run) after the man.(5) The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see _ ( carry) out the next year.1throwing 2sweating 3called 4running 5 carried out 注：1）被动语态 sb. be watched sb. be seen sb. be heard + to do sth. sb. be observed sb. be noticed2）make sb. do sth/ sb. be made to do sth

30、 /make sth done3) get sb. to do sth have sb. do sthget sth done have sth doneget sb. doing sth have sb. doing sth8. 几个特殊用法 (1)Judging from, compared with /to , given, considering, taking sth into consideration sth taken into consideration(2)suppose (that), supposing (that)provided thatproviding that

31、(3)dress;hide与seat 的用法1） 谓语dress in red be dressed in hide onself behind the ; be hidden seat in front of the room be seated 2） 做状语与补语的用法补语：see/hear/notice sb seated at the back/ seating oneself sb dressed in a new shirt/black/ dressing oneself sb hidden behind the door/hiding oneself 状语：Seated /sea

32、ting oneself in the front, 句子. Hidden/Hiding oneself , Dressed / Dressing oneself,Eg. 1)* The 66-year old Saddam Hussein was finally caught _ in a cave, which was considered a victory ever since the outkreak of the war.(hide) *- Sadam, the former president of Iraq, was caught at last.-Really? Where

33、_ himself ?( hide)*The thief , _( hide) himself in the dark corner, escaped being caught by the police.2)*_( seat) at the back of the classroom, the little boy couldnt see the words on the balckboard.3)*_ (dress) in a new coat today, the teacher looks handsome.1hiddendid he hidehiding 2Seated 3Dressed(4) expect there to be eg. We expected there to be a new film this weekend. (5) see