高考英语语法精练精析-动词的时态和语态Word版

1、动词的时态和语态1. Ill go with you as soon as I _ my work.A. will finish B. shall finish C. finish D finished答：C。在主从复合句中，若主句的时态是将来时，状语从句的时态用一般现在时来代替将来时。2. This is a photo of the power-station that _ in my hometown.A. has set up B. has been set upC. was set up D. is set up答：B。发电厂已被建起来，应用现在完成时的被动语态。3. Great c

2、hanges _ in the city, and a lot of factoriesA. have been taken place, have been set upB. have taken place, have been set upC. have taken place, have set upD. were taken place, were set up答：B。take place“发生”为不及物短语，不能用被动语态。建起很多于厂应用现在完成时。4. No permission has_ for anybody to enter the building.A. been gi

3、ven B. given C. to give D. be giving答：A。应用被动语态。5. Where_ the recorder? I cant see it anywhere.I _ it right here. But now its gone!A. did you put, have put B. have you put, putC. had you put, was putting D. were you putting, have put答：B。现在完成时强调对现在产生的结果和影响，而一般过去时则单纯指过去，和现在没联系，根据题干中 But now its gone 可判

4、断前句用过去时put。6. Hello! I_you_ in London. How long have you been here?A. dont know, were B. hadnt known, areC. havent known, are D. didnt know, were答：D。“我不知道你在伦敦”指在见到你之前不知道，故用一般过去时。7. When_ again? When he_, Ill let you know.A. he comes, comes B. will he come, will comeC. he comes, will come D. will he

5、come, comes答：D。表“他什么时候再来”应用一般将来时，问句形式。第二个空，主句是将来时，从句用一般现在时来代替将来时。8. They asked me to have a drink with them. I said that it was at least ten years since I _ a good drink.A. had enjoyed B. was enjoying1 / 13C. enjoyed D. had been enjoying答：A。“it is+一段时间+since.”中从句用过去时。“it was+一段时间+since.”中从句用过去完成时。9.

6、 Have you moved into the new house? Not yet, the rooms_.A. are being painted B. are paintingC. are painted D. are being painting答：A题干中Not yet是信息句，说明没搬人新房子的原因是“房间正在粉刷”，应用被动语态。10. That suit _ over 60 dollars.A. had costed B. costed C. is costed D. cost答：D。cost值，为不及物动词，不能用被动语态，其过去式及过去分词和原形相同11. I_ten m

7、inutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.A. gave B. was given C. was giving D. had given答，B“给我十分钟时间来考虑”应用被动语态。12. My brother _ while he _ his bicycle and hurt himself.A. fell, was riding B. fell, were ridingC. had fallen, rode D. had fallen, was riding答；Afell这一瞬间动作，发生在was riding这一延续性的动作之中。

8、如： Granny fell asleep while she was reading newspapers.13. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests _ when he_ at the par-ty.A. left, had arrived B. left, arrivedC. had left, had arrived D had left, arrived答：D。when意为“当时”，常表示当一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行或已经完成。14. The new secretary is supposed to report to t

9、he manager as soon as she_.A. will arrive B. arrivesC. is going to arrive D. is arriving答：B。be supposed to do.应该做。从句用一般现在时代替将来时。15. Come on in, Peter. I want to show you something.Oh, how n ce of you! I _ you _ to bring me a gift.A. never think, are going B. never thought, were goingC. didnt think,

10、were going D. hadnt thought, were going答：D。I never thought .意为“我从没想到”，当主句用过去时，从句应用过去进行时。C项属于否定转移，意为：“我认为你不会。”16. Tom_ his bike and has to go to school on foot every day now.A. lost B. is losing C. had lost D. has lost答：D。一般过去时单纯指过去的情况，和现在没有联系。而现在完成时则强调对现在产生的结果或影响若选A项，他过去把自行车丢了，现在有没有白行车不清楚。17. Have y

11、ou finished the work? No. I _ you wanted me to do it at once.A. dont realize B. didnt realizeC. havent realized D. am not realizing答：B“我没有意识到”是指早没有意识到，以前没有意识到，故应用一般过去时。18. The police found that thc house_ and a lot of thingsA. has broken into. has stolen B. had broken into, had been stolenC. has bee

12、n broken into. stolen D. had been broken into, stolen答：D。过去完成时表示动作发生在过去的过去，根据found一词可判断用过去完成时，应用被动语态stolen是had been stolen的省略式。19. When I was at college f_ three foreign languages, but l_ all except a few words of each.A. spoke, had forgotten B. spoke, have forgottenC. had spoken, had forgotten D. h

13、ad spoken, have forgotten答：B“我在大学时，能说二门外语”应用过去时，“但现在都已忘了”应用现在完成时，强调对现在产生的结果或影响。20. The students _ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she_ in the office.A. had written, left B. were writing, has leftC. had written, had left D. were writing, had left答：Dwhen意为“当时”，表示当一个动作发生时，另一动作正在进行。根据句中的时态可知，后

14、一空用had left，表示动作发生在过去的过去。21. When Jack arrived he learned Mary _ for almost an hour.A. had gone B. bad set offC. had left D. had been away答：D。go为暂短性动词，其完成时后不能接表示一段时间的状语。此类动词还有come, arrive, leave, join, marry, die, buy, begin, start, fallo22. Do you know our town at all? No, this is the first time I_

15、here.A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming答：B。This is the first (second.) time that.句式中，从句常用现在完成时。23. We could have walked to the station, it was so near.Yes, a taxi _ at all necessary.A. wasnt B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wont be答：A。出租车没必要是真实情况。24. If city noises _ from increasing, people _ sh

16、out to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.A. are not kept, will have to B. are not kept, haveC. do not keep, will have to D. do not keep, have to答：A。在土从复合句中，若主句是将来时，从句一般用现在时代替将来时，“阻止噪音”应用被动语态25. Tom _ into the house when no oneA. slipped, was looking B. had slipped, lookedC. slipped

17、, had looked D. was slipping, looked答：Aslip这一瞬间动作，发生在另一延续性动作之中。26. We were all surprised when he made it clear that he _ office soon.A. leaves B. would leave C. left D. had left答；B。主句是过去时，从句应用过去式。would leave为过去将来时。27. In some parts of the world, teawith milk and sugar.A. is serving B. is served C. s

18、erves D. served答：B。serve上菜，开饭，斟酒，为及物动词，此处可理解为“上茶”。28. The pen I_ I _ is on my desk, right under my nose.A. think, lost B. thought, had lostC. think, had lost D. thought, have lost答：B。我本(原)以为我丢了的那支钢笔就在我的书桌上。不难看出应选B项。“本以为”应用过去时thought，“丢”这一动作应表示在过去的过去，应用过去完成时。29. Can I join your club, Dad? You can whe

19、n you _ a bit older.A. get B. will get C. are getting D. will have get答：A。when此处可视为一种条件状语，相当于小will不能用于if引导的条件状语从句中表示将来，应用现在时代替将来时。如：When there is no gravity, our feet will no longer stay on the ground.如果没有引力存在的话，我们的脚就不能在地面上停留。30. Do you like the material? Yes, it_ very soft.A. is feeling B. felt C.

20、feels D. is felt答：C。feel为系动词，不能用进行式，也不用被动语态31. I dont really work here, I_ until the new secretary arrives.A. just help out B. have just helped outC. am just helping out D. will just help out答；C。指现阶段正在进行的动作。从原题 I dont really work here “实际上，我不在这工作”这一信息句可判断出这句话的真正意思是“我正在这帮忙(这是暂时的)。”32. We havent heard

21、 from Jane for a long time.What do you suppose _ to her?A. was happening B. to happenC. has happened D. having happened答：C。第一句是信息句，所用的时态是完成时，答语中的时态也应用现在完成时。do you suppose 是插入语。33. The volleyball match will be put off if it _.A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining答：B。主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时。另外wil

22、l不能用在if引导的条件状语从句中表示将来，但可用在if引导的条件从句中表示愿望。如：I you will havea try, 1 will giveyou a chance. 如果你愿意试一下，我就给你一次机会。34. Mary_ a dress when she cut her finger.A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes答：C。when表示“就在那时”，相当于at that time，与when连用的时态常是进行时，正在做或将来要做的动作。如：I was walking down the street when I heard m

23、y name called.1 was just about to go out when she came in.35. Im sorry to keep you waiting.Oh, not at all. I_ here only a few minutes.A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be答：A。题干中only a few minutes这一时间状语提供了重要的信息。判断应用现在完成时。常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有for, since, in the past . years (年来)，so far到目前，up to now到现在

24、为止，these days这些天来。36. _the sports meet might be put off. Yes, it all depends on the weather.A. Ive been told B. Ive told C. Im told D. 1 tom答：A。从 it all depends on the weather 一句的时态和所告知的内容可以判断，应该用现在完成时。37. Oh, its you! I_ you. Ive just had my hair cut and Im wearing new glasses.A. didnt recognize B.

25、 hadnt recognizedC. havent recognized D. dont recognized答：A。指“我刚才认不小你来了”，不是指现在，也不能用完成时(强调对现在产生的结果或影响)，若用现在完成时，说明现在仍没认出来。38. Hi, Traey, you look tired.I am tired. I_ the living room, all day.A. painted B. had paintedC. have been painting D. have painted答：C。all day是重要的信息，可判断用现在完成进行时，指“我整天都很忙”。现在完成进行时常

26、与all the time(一直)，the whole morning等时间状语连用。39. Ann is in hospital. Oh, really? I and I _ to the hospital and see her.A. dont know, will go B. didnt know. am goingC. didnt know, will go D. havent known, am about to go答；C。我(以前)不知道Ann住院的事，故应用过去时。be going to do打算做，be about to do正要做。will表示“不是事先打算(计划)或正要傲

27、的事”。40. Is this raincoat yours? No, mine _ there behind the door.A. is hanging B. has hung C. hangs D. hung答：A。该句可理解为No, it isnt my raincoat. Mine is hanging there behind the door.41. Can 1 help you, sir? Yes, 1 bought this radio here yesterday, but itA. didnt work B. wont work C. cant work D. doesn

28、t work答：D。抓住信息词but，便可推断出所省略的词now。wont表示习惯的经常性的动作。如：The old carwont start车总是不爱起动。The door wont close门总是不易被关上。42. 1 dont think Jim saw me, he_ into space.A. just stared B. was just staringC. has just stared D. had just stared答：B。此句可理解为I dont think Jim saw me at that time, because he was just staring i

29、nto space.43. Hey, look where you are going？ Oh, Im terribly sorry._. A. Im not noticing B. I wasnt noticing C. 1 havent noticed D. I dont notice答：B。指刚才没有注意。44. The price_, but I doubt whether it will remain so.A. went clown B. will go downC. has gone down D. was going down答：C。从语境 but I doubt whethe

30、r it will remain so中可判断价格已降下来了。45. Youre drinking too much. Only at home. No one_ me but you.A. is seeing B. had seen C. sees D. saw答：C。see不用进行时。sees一般现在时指经常的或习惯的行为。46. Shirley_ a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has finished it.A. has written B. wroteC. had written D. was writ

31、ing答：D .but I dont know whether she has finished it是判断答的重要信息。47. The last time I _Jane, she _ cotton in the fields.A. had seen, was picking B. saw, pickedC. had seen, picked D. saw, was picking答：D。The last time相当于从属连同，引导时间状语从句，表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。48. Tom has already arrived. Oh, I thought he _ t

32、omorrow.A. will come B. was coming C. had come D. comes答：B。若主句用过去时，从句应用过去式，但主句若是现在时，从句也可用过去时。 come, go, arrive, stay, take, have. do等词的进行式可以表示将来。49. By the time the firemen arrived, the fire _ for half an hour.A. had gone out B. had been outC. had been put ont D. bas been put out答：B。go out为不及物短语，意为“

33、熄灭”，put out是及物的短语，意为“扑灭”，可用被动语态，但go out和put out均为暂短性动词。50. He has _ in Shanghai for two years.A. gone to B. been to C. been in D. gone in答：C。 have gone to.去了(为暂短性动词)；have been to.去过；have been in.一直呆在。51. By the time you get home, he _ Guangzhou.A. had left for B. will have left forC. has left for D.

34、 left for答：B。by the time常与完成时连用，get是用现在时代替将来时，到将来某时刻为止，应用将来完成时。52. By the end of last term, we_ more than 3000 English words.A. have learned B. had learnedC. will have learned D. will learn答：B。 by the end of last term 到过去某时刻为止应用过去完成时。53. Many new buildings _ in my hometown in the past 20 years.A. wa

35、s built B. builtC. have built D. have been built答：D. in the past 20 years 二十年来，是和现在完成时连用的时间状语。54. In the past, the old men_ under the tree, telling stories.A. would sit B. were sitting C. had sat D. have sat答：Ain the past在过去，是过去时的时间状语。would过去经常或习惯的动作。55. What _ this time yesterday?A. are you doing B

36、. will you doC. will you be doing D. were you doing答：D。过去某时刻正在进行的动作应用过去进行时。56. What _ from seven to eight tomorrow?A. will you do B. do you doC. will you be doing D. were you doing答：C。表示将来某一时刻或某段时间里正在进行的动作应用将来进行时。57. Directly he_, Ill tell him the news.A. comes B. will come C. is coming D. has come答

37、：AThe instant / second / moment / minute directly, immediately等相当于 as soon表示“一就”。题中主句是将来时，从句应用一般现在时代替将来时。58. If you dont go there, I.A. neither do B. neither shall C. nor do D. neither am答：B。主句是将来时，从句用一般现在时代替将来时，题中可看出选项处为主句。59. Dont get off the bus until it_.A. will stop B. has stopped C. stopped D.

38、 had stopped答：B。主句是祈使句，从句也常用一般现在时代替将来时，B项has stopped属于现在时态范畴。60. He _ questions like that.A. will always ask B. has always askedC. will always be asking D. is always asking答：D。always与进行时连用常带有一种感情色彩，表示夸奖、赞美或不耐烦的语气。61. Alice, why didnt you come yesterday? _, but I had an unexpected visitor.A. had B. w

39、ouldC. was going to D. did答：C。此处想表达“我本打算来”。若选B项，应是 would have (come), 看作是虚拟语气的含蓄条件句，相当于If I had not had an unexpected visitor, I would have come yesterday (与过去事实相反的虚拟语气)。62. I need one more stamp before my collection _.A. had completed B. completesC. has been completed D. is completed答：D。若从句表示的动作发生在

40、主句动作之后，从句时态只用一般现在时。若从句表示的动作发生在主句动作之前，从句用一般现在时或现在完成时均可如：may watch TV after you finish (have finished) your homework.63. Who is Jerry Cooper? _? I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.A. Dont you meet him yet B. Hadnt you met him yetC. Didnt you meet him yet D. Havent you met him yet答；D。从I saw you shaking hand with him.可知应用现在完成时。64. I wonder why Jenny _ us recently. We should have heard from her by now.A. hasnt written B. doesnt writeC. wont write D. hadnt written答：A。从recently这一状语可判断出A项。65. How long _ at this job