第1讲专业词汇的特点1本专业特有的形式Lightninrodppt

1、1第第1讲讲 translation skill1.1 专业英语的文体特点专业英语的文体特点1. 专业术语专业术语(词汇词汇), 科技词汇科技词汇,合成词合成词, 缩写词多缩写词多facts custom powerfeed back feedbackshut down shutdownbreak down breakdowndc ac gis scr2 2. 广泛使用被动语句广泛使用被动语句 the capacitance of a capacitor is measured in farads. 3. 出现长句出现长句 further interconnection of electric

2、 power systems over wide areas, continuing development of reliable automated control systems and apparatus, provision of addition reserve facilities, and further effort in 3 developing personal to engineer, design, construct, maintain, and operate these facilities will continue to improve the reliab

3、ility of electric power supply. 4. 句子结构严谨句子结构严谨, 逻辑性强逻辑性强4 1.2 专业词汇的特点专业词汇的特点1 本专业特有的形式本专业特有的形式lightning rod transfer switchinglighting arresterdisconnection switchsubstationdielectric5 the boot is a small routine. generally, the boot is stored on the first sector(or two) of a disk. a fuse is connec

4、ted in the live side of the supply to protect the transformer. neutral/neural62 与其它专业、学科共用的形式与其它专业、学科共用的形式 power transmission line shield wire condenser73 普通词汇形式普通词汇形式economizerhot well 凝结水箱（存放从凝汽器出来凝结水箱（存放从凝汽器出来的凝结水，此凝结水温度较高）的凝结水，此凝结水温度较高） the current sources of nearly all the electrical energy gen

5、erated come from.8另外，将与该词相关联的其它词类另外，将与该词相关联的其它词类及相类似的词一起记忆及相类似的词一起记忆stable stabilityreliable reliabilityfeasible feasibilityflexible flexibilityinductance inductor inductivecapacitance capacitor capacitiveresistance resistor resistivereactance reactor reactiveconductance conductor conductive9造句： wor

6、k conduction resistor rectifier aerial(antenna) voltmeter101.2 专业英语翻译的要求专业英语翻译的要求 阅读与翻译的要求不同。英语翻译的要阅读与翻译的要求不同。英语翻译的要求：求：“信、达、雅信、达、雅”。即要做到：。即要做到： 1. 明确就是要在技术内容上准确无明确就是要在技术内容上准确无误地表达原文的内容。误地表达原文的内容。 例例1：the one-line diagram summaries the relevant information about the system for particular problem stu

7、died.11 例例to satisfy this increasing demand the capacity of individual generator is larger and larger.通顺符合中文表达的习惯，符合专通顺符合中文表达的习惯，符合专业表达的要求。业表达的要求。 例例the voltage is usually transformed to a high level at the power plant.123. 简练要求译文要尽可能简短、精练。简练要求译文要尽可能简短、精练。 例：例：then another voltage reduction is exper

8、ienced in local substations.4. 专业英语以直译为主专业英语以直译为主 electricity is very useful servant when it is kept under control. phase-to-phase voltage abc原则原则131.3 词义的选择词义的选择一词多义一词多义, 一词多类一词多类, 一词多用等一词多用等如：如：concrete, current(1)100 kv dc submarine cable(2)it is round.(3)the electrons round about the nucleus of

9、atom.(4)the bus rounded the corner slowly.(5)in the presence of such supervisory equipment, no rounds is needed from time to time.14(6)all the year round(7) when a measurement of the analogue signal does not coincide with one of these binary values, it must be rounded up or down.15 the higher the fr

10、equency of the analogue signal, the more often it must be sampled. however, it is usually adequate to sample a signal at twice its highest frequency.each binary digit used to show a binary value is known as a bit. the accuracy of conversion is limited by the number of binary bits used by the adc . i

11、f the conversion is made using a four-bit adc, only sixteen different binary values can be produced. the smallest value is 0000 and the largest is 1111. if an 8-bit adc is used, then 256 different digital values can be produced. when a measurement of the analogue signal does not coincide with one of

12、 these binary values, it must be rounded up or down.16(8)the energy generated by a power plant in a year is referred to as annual generation.(9)please develop this film.(10)in order to develop our power industry, we must also lay stress on the development and construction of nuclear power station.(1

13、1)this battery will develop 36v voltage.(12)we must develop new sources of energy.(13)albert einstein developed the theory of relativity.17 the traditional mechanical wristwatch uses a balance wheel and hairspring to keep time. in a digital watch these mechanical parts have been replaced by vibratin

14、g quartz crystal controlled by minute electronic circuits.the artificial quartz crystals used in digital watches are designed to vibrate up to 32,768 cycles per second when the current from a battery is passed through them. these vibrations produce electric pulses. as the pulses travel through the e

15、lectronic circuits of the microchip, their rate is gradually halved.18 the result creates a pulse rate of one per second.each one-second pulse triggers the microchip to send signals to the digital display to advance the numerals by one second.the pulses are also used to control different functions s

16、uch as the hour display, date and alarm signal. the best title of this article is .a. mechanical wristwatch. c. digital watch b. electronic circuits. d. counter. how many times do the electronic circuits of the microchip halve when creating a pulse rate of one per second?_. a. 10 b. 12 c. 13 d. 15 1

17、9writing resume/cv(curriculum vitae) personal name: address: 289 peace avenue, jinan 250001 postal code: phone number： age: 28 birthplace: sex: male height: 170cm weight: 66kg health: good date of availability: number of id:20 status: children: education 1992-1996 beijing university; b. e. e. major

18、in electrical automatic management 1989-1992 dalian no. 10 middle school; senior high school 1986-1989 dalian no. 3 middle school; junior high school work experience /special skills july 1996-present shandong electric power transmission and transformation engineering company; electrical engineer may

19、-july 1996 worked as a trainee in taoshan electric power plant job / career objective21mobile phone a mobile phone or cell(ular) phone is an electronic telecommunications device. mobile phones are rapidly becoming more common around the world due to their strong functions. mobile phones industry is

20、renowned for being able to fit a wide variety of functions into a very compact product, and this ability was key to make mobile phones widespread.22 people can now not only tell their friends where they are and what they are doing, they can show them as well by means of mobile phones. sending e-mail

21、 & short message, often with pictures and video, is now a more popular means of communication than just talking on the phone. users of these services at present can use their mobile phones to purchase concert and airline tickets and do their banking, picture taking and so on. other functions tha

22、t many users enjoy include23 games and downloadable ring tones, including popular music. instead of a simple ringer that signals a call, users can select a song or some other sound of their choice to indicate when someone is calling them. some cell phones also function in place of a wallet. in a wor

23、d, it is unimaginable for us without mobile phones in our daily life.24 中性点中性点 中性线中性线 保护线保护线 接地线接地线 连接线连接线251.3 专业英语翻译的方法专业英语翻译的方法-分译法分译法所谓分译，就是将原句中较长的句子成分、所谓分译，就是将原句中较长的句子成分、不易组织表达的句子成分或从句，分出来译成短不易组织表达的句子成分或从句，分出来译成短句。目的是为了避免句子冗长、层次不清和语气句。目的是为了避免句子冗长、层次不清和语气不畅。不畅。(1) there is a limit to a higher tr

24、ansmission voltage which can be economically employed in a particular case.26(2)the steam enters into the turbine where the internal energy is released and transformed into electrical energy by doing work on the turbine-generator.(3)the leads are connected to slip rings which make contact with carbo

25、n brushes through which the field current is introduced.(4)coal is supplied to the pulverizers by variable-speed coal feeders controlled in response to changes in load demand.(5)auxiliary drives are usually powered by electric motors, with the large feed pumps and some fan drives powered by mechanic

26、al-driven turbines.27 air at atmosphere pressure is the most common gaseous insulation. the breakdown of air is of considerable practical importance to the design engineers of power transmission lines and power apparatus. breakdown occurs in gases due to the process of collisional ionization. electr

27、ons get multiplied in an exponential manner, and if the applied voltage is sufficiently large, breakdown occurs. in some gases, free electrons are removed by attachment to neutral gas molecules; the breakdown strength of such gases is substantially large. an example of such a gas with large dielectr

28、ic strength is sulphur hexafluoride (sf6).28 state variables maybe defined as the minimum set of variables such that a knowledge of the values of these variables at time t0 , together with any inputs u to the system for tt0 , will allow the behavior of the system to be determined for tt0 .29simulati

29、on and experimental study of interharmonic performance of a cycloconverter-fed synchronous motor drive abstracthigh-power synchronous motor drives are usually fed from naturally commutated cycloconverters. the output voltage of the cycloconverter contains interharmonics subharmonics which affect the power quality and restrict the allowable frequency range. further, a practical cir