山东省济宁市高三英语第二次摸底考试试题含解析

1、济宁市20172018学年度高三第二次摸底考试英语2018.05本试卷分第卷和第卷两部分，共 页。 满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写到答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。2. 第i卷每小题选出答案后，用2b铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3. 第ii卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求

2、作答的答案无效。第i卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 (共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 a、b、c 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：how much is the shirt?a. 19.15.b. 9.15.c. 9.18.答案是b。1. what are the speakers talking about?

3、a. the radio. b. the weather. c. the weekend.2. what is the woman going to do?a. see her aunt. b. go shopping. c. deliver milk.3. where are the speakers?a. on the road.b. in the hospital.c. at the mans home.4. why does lucy refuse the mans offer?a. she is very busy.b. she is poorly paid.c. she is un

4、confident.5. what will bob probably do next time?a. avoid skating again.b. warm up in advance.c. take a training course.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的a、b、c三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. what does the man agree to do?a. tour the city.b. vi

5、sit a museum.c. take a boat trip.7. what is the probable relationship between the speakers?a. neighbours. b. strangers. c. friends.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. what does the woman do?a. shes a salesperson.b. shes a receptionist.c. shes a bank clerk.9. what is the discount for the man?a. 10%. b. 15%. c. 20%.10

6、. how will the man pay finally?a. by card. b. by cash. c. by check.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11. why does vivian call roger?a. to ask for help.b. to express thanks.c. to make an apology.12. what is the problem with vivians apartment?a. its too expensive.b. it has no furniture.c. its not near school.13. what

7、is roger going to do after class today?a. visit an apartment.b. go to meet vivian.c. stay at the school.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. what is the man probably doing?a. reading a newspaper.b. playing a video game.c. driving in the country.15. why does the town decide to change its name for a month?a. to attra

8、ct more tourists.b. to be famous on the internet.c. to call drivers attention to safety.16. who suggested the idea of changing the name of the town?a. a local farmer.b. a transport company.c. a government department.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. where is the talk being given?a. on the phone.b. at the cinema

9、.c. in the classroom.18. how does the film in room 1 seem to be?a. boring.b. frightening.c. relaxing.19. when is the film in room 2 showing for the last time today?a. 9:00.b. 10:00.c. 11:45.20. which of the following films is shown in room 3?a. ships in the night.b. dont open the door.c. streetmatch

10、 the return.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ajournalism fellowshipsin this important year for europe, here is your chance to become one of the finest reporters and launch a career at two of the most globally famous news organizationsthe econo

11、mist & the financial times. below are the details.what do the prizes involve and who has the right qualifications?two awards are on offer: one, for a british applicant, will consist of a three-month fellowship (职员身份) in continental europe at the economist; the other, for an applicant from elsewh

12、ere in the european union, will be in london at the financial times also lasting three months. both winners will also receive £6,000 to cover accommodation and travel. the fellowships are open only to european union citizens.who are the fellowships suited for?the fellowships are established spe

13、cially for those ambitious early-career journalists with bold ideas and a lively writing style, each capable of adapting to the excitement and pressures of a modern newsroom. the fellow should have a particular interest and curiosity about european affairs, as the prize aims to help continental writ

14、ers understand britain and british writers understand europe.what is this years subject?what is europes greatest weakness? please choose the country, institution, or issue that is of greatest concern.how to apply?please send a submission on the subject above, together with a cv (简历) and covering let

15、ter. the submission can be: an unpublished written article, blog post or data-rich essay of max 850 wordsan unpublished 2-minute videoentries should be sent, by the closing date of may 16th 2018, by e-mail to ncprize. successful applicants will be informed by the end of july 2018.1. why is the briti

16、sh winner to be posted at the economist?a. for him or her to tour more places.b. for him or her to know europe better.c. to help him or her understand economics.d. for him or her to become a european union citizen.2. who are the fellowships intended for?a. college students. b. amateur writers.c. new

17、 journalists. d. european politicians.3. which of the following can be accepted as a proper submission?a. a published blog post. b. an unpublished 800-word essay.c. an unpublished photo. d. a 3-minute video.【答案】1. b 2. c 3. b【解析】本文为应用文。主要介绍了经济学人和金融时报提供的两个奖项，包括参赛者的资格、参赛作品内容、如何申请等详细信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据wh

18、o are the fellowships suited for?部分中最后一句the prize aims to help continental writers understand britain and british writers understand europe.可知，这项奖项旨在帮助欧洲大陆作家了解英国和英国作家对欧洲的了解。对于英国作家来说就是更好地了解欧洲大陆。分析选项可知选b项。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第一句中的“launch a career”及who are the fellowships suited for? 部分中的the fellowships a

19、re established specially for those ambitious early-career journalists with bold ideas and a lively writing style可知，是专为那些处于早期的职业记者设立的，可推断出就是新的记者，故选c项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第四部分中的how to apply?的内容：简历和求职信，提交可以是：一篇不超过850字未发表的文章、未发表的2分钟视频等，故只有b正确。故选b项。bi am traveling home. it is bitterly cold and snowy, but the w

20、arm train is right on time. i feel pleasantly satisfied as i look out at the rush hour traffic on the motorway. i feel more satisfied as the smell of fresh coffee announces the arrival of the drinks service. swiss friends often tell me, proudly, that their rail service is the best in the world, but

21、recently, one experience has proved that the great swiss love affair with their railway has turned a little sour.it all began with the decision to end ticket sales on trains. one cold morning i arrived at my local station only to find that the ticket machine was broken. no matter, i thought, i have

22、got a smart phone, and i hurriedly set about buying my ticket that way. this was not as easy as i had expected, busying myself between credit card and phone with freezing cold fingers, but, by the time i got on the train to geneva i had an e-ticket and i proudly showed it to the conductor. unfortuna

23、tely she told me that my ticket was not valid. several weeks later a letter arrived from swiss railways together with a fine for 190 francs ($ 210).the good people there tell me the formal payment for my ticket from my credit card company arrived four minutes after my train left the station. that me

24、ans, they say, that i bought my ticket on the trainand that is strictly prohibited.swiss railways say their policy is designed to protect honest ticket-paying passengers, but a quick look at their balance sheet suggests something else. the company is making about $2 million a month from fines.althou

25、gh train travel is still popular, those seats do not feel as comfortable; the coffee does not smell quite so goodbecause swiss railways have lost, for now anyway, something far more precious than $2 million a month: good relations with their customers.4. what can we learn from paragraph 1?a. the swi

26、ss trains usually come late.b. traffic on the motorway goes smoothly.c. the author hates traveling on the swiss train.d. the author is generally pleased with the swiss rail service.5. why did the conductor say that the authors e-ticket was invalid?a. it was purchased online.b. it was paid for after

27、the trains departure.c. it was purchased on a ticket machine.d. it was paid on a smart phone.6. what does the author want to show by telling the experience?a. the fine was unfair.b. the conductor was impolite.c. e-tickets are getting popular.d. credit cards can be inconvenient.7. what does the autho

28、r think of the new policy of swiss railways?a. it attracts more people to travel by train.b. it makes the company lose a lot of money.c. it damages company-customer relations.d. it protects honest ticket-paying passengers.【答案】4. d 5. b 6. a 7. c【解析】本文为夹叙夹议文。作者听瑞士的朋友说他们的铁路服务是世界上最好的。作者坐车时由于匆忙买了电子票被罚款的

29、亲身经历，说明了瑞士的铁路虽仍然很受欢迎，但已经失去了比罚款获利更珍贵的东西：与顾客的良好关系。【4题详解】推理判断题。第一段主要描述了作者在高铁上享受着好的服务，印证了瑞士朋友的话“他们的铁路服务是世界上最好的”。分析选项可知d项符合题意。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知：那里的好心人告诉我，信用卡公司的钱正式到帐是在火车离开车站4分钟后到的。这意味着，他们说我是在火车上买了票，这是严格禁止的。分析选项可知b项正确。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段内容“瑞士铁路说他们的政策旨在保护诚实的付票乘客，但快速查看他们的财务状况表，会发现其他一些东西。该公司每月从罚款中赚取约200万美

30、元”。及最后一段最后一句“因为瑞士铁路目前已经失去了比每月200万美元更珍贵的东西：与顾客的良好关系。”再结合作者在上车前已买了票但仍被罚款可知，作者想通过他的经历告诉我们，这种罚款不合理，分析选项可知a符合题意。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“swiss railways have lost, for now anyway,something far more precious than $ 2 million a month: good relations with their customers.”（瑞士铁路目前已经失去了比每月200万美元更珍贵的东西：与顾客的良好关系。）

31、，故选c项。cafter nearly half a century behind the wheel, hisao matsumoto, 85, is not ready to stop driving. “im not that old yet,” he says. “i still have 15 more years to go till i reach 100.” mr. matsumoto is one of more than 5 million drivers aged 75 or older. a million more will be on the roads by 20

32、21. worried, the police are trying to persuade many of them out of driving, because over-75s are twice as likely to cause a fatal accident as younger drivers, according to the national police agency (npa).nearly half of older drivers who caused fatal accidents had signs of cognitive impairment (认知障碍

33、). hundreds of older drivers turn the wrong way into motor ways every year. in january an 85-year-old man steered his vehicle into oncoming traffic on a country road, hitting a car and two schoolgirls. police believe he mistook the accelerator for the brake. the mans family said he had rejected thei

34、r requests to hand over his keys many times.such stubbornness is common, notes kazunori iwakoshi, who heads an ngo that supports elderly drivers. many drivers argue that they have never had an accident and it is unfair to do that, so they resent themselves being cast aside.since last march over-75s

35、renewing their licenses must take cognitive tests to screen for dementia (老年痴呆). the npa expects these changes to take 15,000 drivers off the road each year. last year more than 250,000 over-75s gave up their licenses after their families constant stream of persuasion, says mr. iwakoshi. his organiz

36、ation publishes a check list for elderly drivers, aimed at getting them to assess their responses themselves.mr. matsumoto is lucky. his city gives pensioners unlimited access to public transport. however, thousands of elderly people are stuck in rural communities with no buses.8. why do the police

37、try to persuade elderly drivers to stop driving?a. to encourage younger drivers to drive safely.b. to reduce the number of deadly accidents.c. to introduce the national police agency.d. to stress the significance of safe driving.9. which word is closest in meaning to the underlined word “resent” in

38、paragraph 3?a. resemble b. supportc. injure d. dislike10. what does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?a. tests to assess elderly drivers responses.b. families contributions to traffic safety.c. ways to renew licenses for elderly drivers.d. measures to control the number of elderly drivers.11. what is im

39、plied about the restriction to elderly drivers in the last paragraph?a. it can cause some new problems.b. it is popular among elderly drivers.c. it will do elderly drivers more harm than good.d. it brings about easy access to public transport.【答案】8. b 9. d 10. d 11. a【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。因为超过75岁的司机发生致命事故的

40、可能性是年轻司机的两倍，所以日本警方正在努力说服他们中的许多人放弃开车。针对此，去年3月对超过75岁的人更新他们的执照，进行认知测试来筛查痴呆症。经过努力，许多老年人放弃了驾照。但对于住在无公交车的农村的老年人来说，不开车出行又是一个问题。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“worried, the police are trying to persuade many of them out of driving, because over-75s are twice as likely to cause a fatal accident as younger drivers,”（警方

41、正在努力说服他们中的许多人不要开车，因为超过75岁的司机发生致命事故的可能性是年轻司机的两倍。）由此可知，这是因为老年司机发生事故的机率比年轻人高，所以为了减少致命事故才劝说老年司机不要开车了。分析选项可知b项符合题意。【9题详解】猜测词义题。根据第三段的many drivers argue that they have never had an accident and it is unfair to do that, so they resent themselves being cast aside.可知，许多年老的司机认为他们从未发生过事故，这样做是不公平的，所以他们痛恨不让他们自己开

42、车。由前面年老的司机认为不公平的，可知他们不会喜欢。分析选项可知resent的意思是“不喜欢，讨厌，痛恨”，故d项符合题意。【10题详解】主旨大意题。本段主要讲述为了让老年司机放弃开车，对超过75岁的老人进行认知测试考核来筛查痴呆症。在家人的劝说下有许多老年人放弃了开车。由此可知，对于控制老年司机人数日本政府和社会采取了相应的措施。分析选项可知d项符合题意，故选d项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句however, thousands of elderly people are stuck in rural communities with no buses.的内容可知，让老年人

43、放弃开车是好的，但成千上万的老年人生活在没有公共汽车的农村社区来说（他们的出行）就是一个问题了。分析选项可知a符合题意。故选a项。【点睛】猜测词义题。由于文章上下文中的生词不是孤立存在的，其词义与句中其它词的词义或具体的语境有着密切的联系。因此在阅读过程中，许多生词的词义可以充分利用上下文中相关的词汇，短语并结合具体的语境来推测。针对这种题型我们可以依据逻辑推理猜测词义。运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。常

44、见的逻辑关系有：因果关系，同位关系，对比关系，转折关系等。如第2小题就是利用文中的词“it is unfair to do that”这样做不公平，才会推测出他们不喜欢，即选d项。dthese devices were among the thousands featured at this years consumer electronics show, a conference that brings industry experts together to share the latest and greatest in tech.a food baby-friendly beltcol

45、lege students are familiar with “food babies,” big stomachs caused by eating a little okay, a lot too much. this smart belt automatically adjusts to your stomach size. thats right. when you overeat, belty expands with your stomach.“youll definitely know how many months into the pregnancy you are,” j

46、okes steve greenberg, author of gadget nation, who just got back from ces.if you dont want to use belty while pigging out, you can take advantage of its health-related features instead. along with shifting size, belty tracks food intake and exercise. it even vibrates(振动) if youve been inactive too l

47、ong.the rocket power characters dream productmost students walk, bike or skate across campus. but with rocketskates, which are electronic, motorized skates tied to your regular shoes, you can move very quickly.the skates wheels, which are run by a microprocessor, get going when you lean forward and

48、stop when you lean back. top speed is 12 miles per hour, meaning you could leave your dorm at 7:56 and be on time for your 8:00 class. and you can carry them afterwards, since theyre light-weight.a magical microwavemost 3d printers turn plastic into 3d objects. but xyzprintings version turns flour a

49、nd chocolate into cookies, cake and candy.the printer, which is about the same size as a traditional all-in-one version, is simple to use. you select a 3d food item from the companys database of “recipes”, all of which have been approved by a food specialist. within minutes, your food is ready.the “

50、why hasnt someone invented this sooner” phone chargereveryone knows college students are busy mostly because we take every available opportunity to say so.the storedot flashbattery cant solve scheduling issues for smart phones, but it does make life easier by completely charging them in one minute.d

51、oron myersdorf, storedot ceo, calls the batterys quick-charging time “ideal” for college students. he even visualizes free storedot stations on campus that would make carrying a charger unnecessary.12. whats the main function of belty?a. to track food intake and exercise.b. to warn you its time to g

52、et up and exercise.c. to predict how long a person has been pregnant.d. to make your stomach comfortable by shifting size.13. which of the following is true about rocketskates?a. it is powered by your feet.b. it can run as fast as a car.c. you may start it by leaning forward.d. it is too heavy to ca

53、rry by hand.14. how does the new 3d printer differ from traditional versions?a. it is much smaller in size. b. it turns flour into 3d food.c. it turns plastic into 3d objects. d. it is operated by a food specialist.15. which of the following is true?a. the author believes college students are very b

54、usy.b. free storedot stations are available on campus now.c. the flashbattery charges a phone unbelievably quickly.d. doron myersdorf is not satisfied with the flashbattery.【答案】12. d 13. c 14. b 15. c【解析】【分析】本文为应用说明文。今年消费电子展上展出了数以千计的特色设备，文中主要介绍了其中的四款神奇的新型的电子产品。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一项a food baby-friendly

55、belt中的第一段最后一句this smart belt automatically adjusts to your stomach size. thats right. when you overeat, belty expands with your stomach.可知，这个智能腰带自动调整到你的肚子大小。当你吃得过多时，腰带会随着肚子而变大了。同此可知，这种腰带会随着你的肚子的大小而改变大小，以此来让你的肚子更加舒服。分析选项可知d项符合题意，故选d项。【13题详解】细节理解题。第二个产品the rocket power characters dream product中的第二段the

56、 skates wheels, which are run by a microprocessor, get going when you lean forward and stop when you lean back. top speed is 12 miles per hour, meaning you could leave your dorm at 7:56 and be on time for your 8:00 class. and you can carry them afterwards, since theyre light-weight.滑冰轮由微处理器运行，当你向前倾斜

57、时，当你向后倾时就停止。最高时速是每小时12英里，意味着你可以在7点56分离开宿舍，并准时到8点上课。你可以随身携带它们，因为它们重量轻。分析内容可知：由微处理器运行的。朝前顷可动，后顷可停止。最高时速12英里，比不上汽车。但比较轻可携带。由引可知a、b和d都是错误的，故c是正确的。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据a magical microwave部分中的most 3d printers turn plastic into 3d objects. but xyzprintings version turns flour and chocolate into cookies, cake and candy.可知，大多数3d打印机将塑料转换成3d对象。但是xyz打印机能把面粉和巧克力变成饼干、蛋糕和糖果。分析选项可知b项符合题意，故选b。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据the “why hasnt someone invented this sooner” phone charge部分中的最后一段中的but it does make life easier by completely charging them in one minute.可知，这种电池能